A young man and his father are in a car accident; the father is killed and the young man is rushed to the hospital. The surgeon, upon entering the room and seeing the patient, exclaims, “Oh my God, I can’t operate, it’s my son!”
Are the parents gay?
Is the surgeon confusing the
patient with his son, because they look
similar?
Sexism in the English LanguageI. Introduction
a. Definitionsb. Thesis
II. Arguments for my thesisa. Argument Oneb. Argument Two
III. Arguments against my thesisa. The Roman Catholic Church and the Bible
IV. Conclusiona. Possible solutions
I. Introductiona. Gender = Sex?
I. Introductiona. Definitions
Hostile Sexism
dominative paternalism
competitive gender differentiation
heterosexual hostility
♀
I. Introductiona. Definitions
Benevolent Sexism
protective paternalism
complementary gender differentiation
heterosexual intimacy
♀
I. Introductiona. Definitions
Modern Sexists
negative attitude toward feminists
positive attitudes toward male chauvinists
insensitivity to sexist language
I. Introductionb. Thesis
Male domination is reflected by sexism in the English language.
II. Supporting argumentsa. Sexist stereotypes
“Research scientists often neglect their wives and children.”
“When I was going to school I spent most of my time talking to teachers and their wives.”
II. Supporting arguments a. Sexist stereotypes
female judgewoman lawyer
man nurse male prostitute
II. Supporting arguments a. Sexist stereotypes
II. Supporting arguments b. Male firstness
Mr. and Mrs.his and hersboys and girlsmen and womensons and daughterskings and queens...
II. Supporting arguments c. Non-paralell structures
The surgical team included a lady doctor and a male nurse.
II. Supporting arguments d. Linguistic relativity
cycle of sexismsexist patterns of thinking or sexist beliefs
sexist utterances
or sexist behavior
reinforce
result in
II. Supporting arguments e. Male bias
Males: 5.7 times more likely to be affected when using a generic pronoun
2 times more likely to be affected when usinga neutral alternative
III. Opposing arguments a. The Catholic Church and the Bible
22 %
78 %
III. Opposing arguments a. The Catholic Church and the Bible
"Wives submit to your husbands, as is fitting to the Lord." Colossians 3:18
“I will make your pains in childbearing very severe; with painful labor you will give birth to children. Your desire will be for your husband, and he will rule over you.” Genesis 3:16
III. Opposing arguments a. The Catholic Church and the Bible
“ A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet.” Timothy 2:11
III. Opposing arguments b. Biology
greater size and
strength
social dominance orientation
men cannot bear
children
IV. Conclusion a. Possible Solutions: Modeling
Non-sexist example:“A business executive discovers a long-time employee
has been stealing from the company. What should the executive do first?”
Sexist example:“A business executive discovers a long-time employee
has been stealing from the company. What should he do first?”
IV. Conclusion b. Alternatives
policeman police officer
stewardess flight attendant
IV. Conclusion c. Call for action
1. Break the sexism cycle2. Fight against traditional stereotypes3. Raise awareness
