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:

The Development of A Real Time and Accident Geographical Data Collection System :

A Case Study of Songkhla

Pariwat Chotkaew

A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

Master of Science in Management of Information Technology

Prince of Songkla University

2554

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ชอวทยานพนธ การพฒนาระบบการเกบขอมลภมสารสนเทศอบตเหตทางถนนแบบเวลาจรง : กรณศกษาจงหวดสงขลา

ผเขยน นายปรวรรต โชตแกว สาขาวชา การจดการเทคโนโลยสารสนเทศ ปการศกษา 2553

บทคดยอ

ปกตแลว ต าแหนงทเกดอบตเหตทมการบนทกไวในรายงานอบตเหตทางถนน จะประกอบดวยชอถนนและขอมลอน ๆ ทชวยในการระบต าแหนง เชน สถานทส าคญทอยในบรเวณใกลเคยง รายงานอบตเหตของบางหนวยงานจะมขอมลพกดจากเครองรบสญญาณ GPS อยดวย เนองจากต าแหนงเหลานมความส าคญอยางยงในการวเคราะหและการระบต าแหนงของถนนทไมปลอดภย จงตองมความเทยงตรงใหมากทสดเทาทจะเปนไปได การศกษานน าเสนอวธการระบพกดต าแหนงของอบตเหตทางถนนทไดมการบนทกขอมลไวในรปแบบของชอถนนและขอมลพกดจากเครองรบสญญาณ GPS ชอถนนและขอมลประกอบจะถกจดการโดยใช Text object model ของชดค าสงใน Windows API จากนนจงสงไปยง Google geocoding API เพอคนหาต าแหนงและแสดงบน Google Maps ขอมลพกดทไดจาก Google API หรอเครองรบสญญาณ GPS จะถกน ามาคนหาเพอระบต าแหนงบนถนนในรศม 5 เมตรอกครง โดยการหาระยะทส นทสดระหวางจดและเสน จากนนท าการปรบปรงขอมลพกดอบตเหตใหเปนพกดทอยบนถนน กรณทต าแหนงของอบตเหตอาจอยบนถนนมากกวา 1 เสน ผใชจะตองท าการเลอกถนนโดยใชโปรแกรมประยกตทสรางขน ดงนนขอมลพกดอบตเหตจงมความถกตองยงขนและลดเวลาการท างานจากเดมทผใชตองก าหนดพกดจากการหาต าแหนงบนแผนท

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Thesis Title The Development of A Real Time and Accident Geographical Data Collection System : A Case Study of Songkhla.

Author Mr. Pariwat Chotkaew Major Program Management of Information Technology Academic Year 2010

ABSTRACT

Accident locations recorded in road accident reports are usually road names plus other information that helps to identify these locations such as nearby landmarks. Some reports may also include GPS locations if available. Because these locations play the most important role in the process of analyzing and identifying hazardous road locations, it is necessary to be as accurate as possible. This study introduces a method to locate the coordinates where road accidents occurred and have been recorded in the form of road names and GPS data. Road names and additional information will be manipulated using Text Object Model in Windows API command and submitted to Google Geocoding API to search for their potential locations and display on Google Map. Either coordinate obtained from Google API or GPS data if available then will be used to locate the road within 5 meters radius by finding the shortest distance between a point and a line. An application has also been developed as a tool for the users to select the final position if the solution yields more than one road locations. Therefore, accident data coordinates are more accurate and less time working from the user to set the coordinates to locate on the map.

6

(6)

(3)

ABSTRACT (4)

(5)

(6)

(8)

(9)

1. 11

1.1 11

1.2 12

1.3 14

1.4 14

1.5 14

1.6 15

2. 17

2.1 (Geographic information system) 17

2.2 (Global positioning system) 21

2.3 25

2.4 27

2.5 29

2.6 Java 2 micro edition (J2ME) 31

2.7 Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) 33

2.8 Google maps API 34

7

(7)

3. 35

3.1 35

3.2 35

3.3 41

3.4 49

3.5 GPS 52

3.6 54

4. 58

4.1 58

4.2 65

4.3 76

5. 78

5.1 78

5.2 78

5.3 79

80

84

: GPS 85

: 87

: 122

129

8

(8)

2 - 1 GPS 24

2 - 2 HTTP 33

3 - 1 39

3 - 2 39

3 - 3 5 40

3 - 4 40

3 - 5 41

3 - 6 41

3 - 7 GPS 53

3 - 8 1 55

4 - 1 GPS 66

4 - 2 67

4 - 3 67

4 - 4 1 70

4 - 5 2 71

4 - 6 304 72

4 - 7 74

4 - 8 76

- 1 GPS 85

- 1 1 2 88

304

9

(9)

2 - 1 Point 19

2 - 2 Line 19

2 - 3 Polygon 20

2 - 4 Raster data 20

2 - 5 23

2 - 6 25

2 - 7 26

2 - 8 27

2 - 9 TextBox 28

2 - 10 Double click 29

2 - 11 Mouse up 29

2 - 12 Midlet 33

3 - 1 Universal translator MapInfo 36

3 - 2 shp2pgsql 37

3 - 3 38

3 - 5 44

3 - 6 45

3 - 7 47

3 - 8 48

3 - 9 49

3 - 10 GPS 50

3 - 11 50

3 - 12 51

3 - 13 52

3 - 14 52

11

1

1.1

( , 2522)

2551 46,806 2552 44,192

- 2551 - 2552

2552 2551 189 2.56

(

, 2553)

- 2552 2551

26.76 -

2553 2552 2553 2552

17.44

( , 2544)

12

GPS

3

GPS

Text object model Windows API

Google geocoding API Google maps

Google geocoding API GPS

5

1

Google maps

GPS

1.2

(2544)

13

3 1 2

3 2

Marko Modsching (2006)

Görlitz

GPS

2

15

10

Arunas Stockus (1999)

Java applet

Wichuda Kowtanapanich (2005)

3

GPS

EMS

Francisco Câmara Pereira (2009)

2

14

Marchal (Marchal, 2005) Genetic map matching algorithm

GEMMA (Francisco, 2009) Marchal

GEMMA M-GEMMA Marchal

Youtrace)

2

1.3 1.

2.

3.

1.4 1.

2.

1.5 1.

Global position system)

2. GPS

3. GPS Bluetooth

15

4.

5.

6.

2552

6 17 - 7 56 100 01 - 101 06

( )

7. HTTP (Hypertext transfer protocol)

8. Nokia

N73 Symbian OS 9.1 Platform S60 3rd edition

260 x 320 Pixel GPRS Bluetooth 2.0

Windows xp service pack 3 Intel core i5 2.4 GHz 1,500 MB

120 GB

1.6 1.

Global position system)

2.

GPS

3.

4.

16

5.

6.

7.

17

17

2

2.1 (Geographic information system)

2.1.1

(2544)

Spatial data)

Cleark (2001)

(2545)

GIS)

Arial photo) Satellite image)

Remote sensing) GIS

Geographic information

system (GIS)

18

18

(Spatial data)

(Satellite images)

2.1.2 2.1.2.1

2 (Spatial data)

(Non - spatial data Attribute data)

1. (Spatial data)

2

- (Vector data)

(X, Y) (Z)

¶ Point

2 - 1

19

19

2 - 1 Point

¶ Line

2 - 2

2 - 2 Line

¶ Polygon

2 - 3

20

20

2 - 3 Polygon

- (Raster data)

Raster

(Digital elevation model: DEM) 2 - 4

2 - 4 Raster data (Environmental systems research institute, n.d.)

2. (Non - spatial data) Attribute data

2.1.2.2

5

1. (Hardware)

Server)

21

21

Digitizer) Scanner) Plotter) Printer)

2. (Software)

ArcGIS MapInfo Mapwindows

3. (Data)

4. (People)

5. Methodology Procedure)

2.2 Global positioning system)

2.2.1

Global positioning system GPS ( , .)

2541 NAVSTAR Global

positioning system

GPS

24

GPS

1978

1980

22

22

2.2.2

3

1. Space segment)

24 21 3

6 60 55

12

11,000

2. Control segment)

3. User segment)

GPS

GPS

GPS 5 12

2.2.3

GPS

23

23

GPS

4

GPS

3.0 x 108

GPS

(Pseudo random noise code

2 - 5

2 - ( , 2547)

2.2.4

GPS

The national marine electronics association (NMEA)

NMEA0183

RS - 232 4,800 8

1 1

24

24

NMEA 0183 GGA GLL GSA RMC

2 - 1 RMC

2 - 1 GPS

$GPRMC,124540,A,700.526,N,10029.876,E,0,0,061009,,*22

Name Example Description

Message id $GPRMC RMC protocol header

UTC position 124540 12:45:50

Status A A=data valid or V=data not valid

Latitude 700.526943 7 0.526943 N/S Indicator N N= S=

Longitude 10029.876 100 29.876 E/W Indicator E E= W=

Speed over ground 0

Course over ground 0

Date 061009 6 2009

Magnetic variation Checksum *22

<CR><LF> <CR><LF> End of message termination

2.2.5

GPS

GPS

1.

25

25

2.

3. GPS

4. GPS

GPS

2.3

(Vector projection)

2.3.1

(The

vector projection of onto 2 - 6

2 - 6 ( , 2542:P123)

2 - 6

Unit vector

Unit vector

Length =

26

26

Scalar projection

2.3.2

2 - 7 (Kimberling, 1998)

2 - 7 (x0, y0) (x1, y1)

(x2, y2) d

1. x1 = (x1, y1) x2 = (x2, y2)

v =

2. r x0 = (x0, y0)

r =

3. (x0, y0)

d =

d =

d =

d =

27

27

b P(b) VL

2 - 8

2 - 8 (Dan Sunday, n d )

b

- b 0 P(b) P0 VL

- b 1 P(b) P1 VL

- b 0 P(b) VL

- b 1 P(b) VL

- b 0 1 P(b) VL

b P(b)

2.4

Windows Windows application programming interface

Windows API Windows Dynamics link

libraries (DLL) DLL

(Microsoft, 2010)

28

28

Windows API Dynamic linking API

API

SendMessage Windows

Windows

LRESULT WINAPI SendMessage(

__in HWND hWnd,

__in UINT Msg,

__in WPARAM wParam,

__in LPARAM lParam

);

SendMessage

- hWnd Windows

- Msg

- wParam

- lparm

SendMessage

1. TextBox

2 - 9

2 - 9 TextBox

2. 2 - 10

SendMessage(TextBox.Handle.ToInt32(), 0x203, 0, 0)

- TextBox.Handle.ToInt32()

29

29

- 0x203 Double click

- 0

2 - 10 Double click

3.

4. 2 - 11

SendMessage(TextBox.Handle.ToInt32(), 0x202, 0, 0)

- TextBox.Handle.ToInt

- x 2 Mouse up Double

click

-

2 - 11 Mouse up

5. 2

2.5

30

30

2.5.1 (General packet radio service)

(General packet radio service) GPRS

Global system for mobilization (GSM)

Packet GSM

171.2

GPRS

GPRS

GPRS Always on

GPRS

GPRS

1) GPRS

2) GPRS

(Hardware) (Software)

3) IP address

(Packet switching)

31

31

2.5.2 (Bluetooth)

(Bluetooth) 1998 Bluetooth

King harold Bluetooth)

Line of sight)

Bluetooth

GPS

Bluetooth Bluetooth

24

Frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS)

Synchronous Asynchronous

1

10 - 100

128

2.6 Java 2 micro edition (J2ME)

2.6.1 J2ME

Java 2 micro edition J2ME Edition JAVA 2

Handheld PDA

J2ME

1. J2ME

32

32

2. J2ME Cross-platform compatibility

3. J2ME

4. J2ME Library

5. J2ME

XML HTTP Protocol 2.6.2 J2ME

J2ME

4

1. Host operating system

Windows

Nokia N73 Symbian OS

2. Java virtual machines (JVM)

Java Host operating system

Java Host operating system

3. Configuration Class library

4. Profiles Application programming interface (API)

2.6.3 J2ME

Configuration Connected limited device configuration (CLDC) Profile Mobile

information device profile (MIDP) MIDP 1.0 API

HTTP

(User interface) (Persistent storage) MIDP

2.1 MIDP MIDlet

MIDP environment

MIDlet Method MIDlet

Method

33

33

1. Startapp

2. Pauseapp

3. Destroyapp

MIDlet

2 - 12

2 - 12 MIDlet (C. Enrique Ortiz, 2004)

2.7 Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)

Hypertext transfer protocal HTTP Protocol

(Server) (Client) HTTP

HTTP

Protocol

5 2 - 2

34

34

2 - 2 HTTP

Informational 100 - 199

Successful 200 - 299

Redirection 300 - 399 HTTP

Client error 400 - 499

Server error 500 - 599

8 Google maps API

Google maps API Application program interface (API)

Google . 2005 Google maps API Google

Google maps (Web page)

Mashup Mash-up Javascript

Extensive markup language (XML

Google maps Google maps API key

Google Google maps API Google

35

35

3

3.1

3.1.1 MapInfo

MapInfo

Arcview Arcinfo Mapwindows

MapInfo

3.1.2 PostgreSQL Object

relational database management (ORDBMS) pgAdmin

Standard query language (SQL)

PostGIS

3.2

Songkhla computerized common accident

database entry 2550

2547 - 2550

3.2.1 Songkhla computerized common

accident database entry 2

1.

2.

36

36

MapInfo

PostgreSQL

1. MapInfo Tool Univeral

traslator

2. MapInfo TAB

ESRI shape (shp)

3 - 1

3 - 1 Universal translator MapInfo

3. Universal translator

Shp

4. Shp Standard

query language (SQL) shp2pgsql PostGIS

37

37

shp pgsql -s [ SRID] -c [ shp] [ > [ sql]

shp2pgsql 3 - 2

3 - 2 shp2pgsql

5. SQL

PostgreSQL pgAdmin

3.2.2

PostgreSQL

pgAdmin

PostGIS

3 - 3

3.2.2.2 (Data dictionary)

38

38

3.2.2.1 Entity relationship diagram

tb_Road_Segment

tb_AccidentPointByUser

Record_Near_Line

Have_Place

tb_Place

Record_AccidentByUser

tb_Log

Record_AccidentBySys

tb_Accident_Point

M

1

M N 1

1

1

1

Source

X1

ID_Segment

X2

Destination

Name_TH

Name_Eng

Length

Position

Y1 Y2

IS_Process

Create_Date

Place_Name

ID_AccPoint

IS_SuccessAccPointRowNum

U_Lon

U_LatLenght_PtoLLineRowNum

Y

XName_TH

Name_Eng

ID_Place

U_Lon

U_Lat

Description

Status

LogRowNum

Acc_Lat

Acc_Lon

Acc_Lon

Acc_Lat

Create_Date

ID_AccidentPoint

3 - 3

39

39

1.2.2.2 (Data dictionary) 1. tb_Place

3 - 1

3 - 1

ID_Place

X

Y

Name_TH

Name_Eng

ID_Segment

2. tb_Road_Segment

3 - 2

3 - 2

ID_Segment

Source

Destination

X1

Y1

X2

Y2

Name_TH

Name_Eng

Length

Position

40

40

3. tb_NearLineOfAccidentPointByUser

5

3 - 3

3 - 3

LineRowNum

ID_Segment

ID_AccPoint

Length_PtoL

4. tb_Accident_Point

3 - 4

3 - 4

ID_AccidentPoint

Create_Date

Acc_Lat

Acc_Lon

5. tb_AccidentPointByUser

3 - 5

41

41

3 - 5

ID_AccPoint

Create_Date

Place_Name

U_Lat

U_Lon

IS_Process (0 , 1

IS_Success (0 , 1

AccPointRowNum

6. tb_Log

3 - 6

3 - 6

LogRowNum

Status

1 :

2 :

3 :

U_Lat

U_Lon

Acc_Lat

Acc_Lon

3.3

3 - 4

42

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43

3.

Google maps

3.3.1

GPS

GPS RMC

2.5

GPRS

3 - 5

44

44

START

END

N

Y

GPS

3 - 5

3.2.2

4 1 2

3

4

45

45

1. 1

GPS 5

GPS

4 1

1

3 - 6

START

,

5

1Y

N

EX

3 - 6

2. 2

Text object model Windows API

2

2

46

46

1)

2) Google maps Google geocoding API

5

5

3 - 7

47

47

, ,

Google maps

5

5

5

5

5

5

Google maps

X

Y

3 - 7

48

48

3. 3

3 - 8

YN

A

Y

3 - 8

4. 4 1

1

3 - 9

49

49

A E

Y

N

STOP

3 - 9

3.4

2

3.4.1

3.4.1.1 GPS

GPS

3 - 10

50

50

3 - 10 GPS

3.4.1.2

GPS

3 - 11

3 - 11

51

51

3.4.2

3.4.2.1

3 - 12

3 - 12

3.4.2.2

CSV

3 - 13

3 - 14

52

52

3 - 13

3 - 14

3.5 GPS

GPS

GPS

53

53

GPS

3 - 7

3 - 7 GPS

1-10 7.0095763 100.4962845

1-20 7.0095840 100.4962845

1-30 7.0095859 100.4962845

1-40 7.0095840 100.4962845

GPS

1. Google maps

2. GPS Holux Wireless GPS logger

M - 241 GPS

5.46 GPS 3 - 15

3 - 15 GPS Holux Wireless GPS logger M - 241

3. GPS 40

Google maps

4. GPS

10 3 - 7

54

54

5.

6.

3.6

2 1

2

3 - 8

55

55

3 - 8 1

1 7.317205556 100.9847778 1 7.186063634 100.5943658

2 7.301430556 100.8679056 2 - -

3 7.30115 101.0179694 3 - -

4 7.284225444 101.0018833 20 1 3 - -

5 7.300258333 101.0008917 2 2 - -

6 7.351175 100.9839917 1 7.200719704 100.599875

7 7.301383333 101.0007083 1 7.195416738 100.6030333

8 7.317297222 100.9859583 11 3 - -

9 7.3181 100.9859083 2 -

2 - -

10 7.351588889 100.983675 3 - -

56

56

1. Comma separated values file (CSV)

2.

Google maps

5

- 1

- 2 5

- 3 5

- 4 5

- 5 5

3. 2 1

2

4.

5. tb_Log

57

57

- 1

- 2

- 3

6. 3 - 8

7. Google maps

58

(58)

4

4.1

3 4.1.1 2

4.1.1.1 1. GPS Setting 4 - 1

4 - 1 GPS

59

(59)

2. Search Bluetooth 4 - 2

4 - 2 GPS

3.

GPS GPS 4 - 3

60

(60)

4 - 3 GPS

4. GPS

GPS 4 - 4

4 - 4

61

(61)

5. Send 4 - 5

4 - 5

4.1.1.2 1.

4 - 6

62

(62)

4 - 6

2. ROWSECSV 4 - 7

4 - 7 CSV

63

(63)

3. File 4 - 8

4 - 8

4.1.2

1

1. 4 - 9

64

(64)

4 - 9

2.

4 - 10

4 - 10

65

(65)

4.1.3

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4 - 12 GPS

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85

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: GPS GPS

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14 7.0094004 100.4966660

15 7.0093989 100.4966583

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17 7.0093913 100.4966583

18 7.0093942 100.4966431

19 7.0093956 100.4966431

20 7.0093989 100.4966431

21 7.0093999 100.4966583

22 7.0094008 100.4966660

23 7.0094023 100.4966736

24 7.0094028 100.4966660

86

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26 7.0093975 100.4966736

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106 7.2582027777

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100

(100)

1 2

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109 7.2038583333

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111 7.2555222222

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112 7.3337500000

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113 7.3353805555

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114 7.3023472222

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101

(101)

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118 7.3016666666

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120 7.3174888888

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123 7.3020722222

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102

(102)

1 2

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129 7.3003944444

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131 7.3176388888

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132 7.2848694444

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133 7.2837750000

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134 7.3018333333 100.985897222 10 3 - - 3 - -

103

(103)

1 2

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137 7.3025166666

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138 7.3692444444

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139 7.3335861111

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140 7.3178722222

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7.1949273834

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141 7.3169277777

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142 7.3010083333

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143 7.3021027777 101.018600000 2 - - 2 - -

104

(104)

1 2

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145 7.3513250000

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100.969397222

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146 7.3250861111

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1

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100.60671464

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147 7.3508888888

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148 7.2850472222

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149 7.3167254444

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150 7.3010694444

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151 7.3009888888

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152 7.3341722222 100.984800000 2 - - 2 - -

105

(105)

1 2

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154 7.2859027777

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156 7.2849222222

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157 7.3339361111

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158 7.3345254444

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159 7.3016916666

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1

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7.186105013

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160 7.3351722222

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2 - - 2 - -

161 7.3510944444 100.967175000 1 7.2052549943 100.58771521 2 - -

106

(106)

1 2

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162 7.2838888888

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163 7.3343166666

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7.2050807841

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164 7.3012222222

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100.985302777

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165 7.2846611111

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166 7.3168750000

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167 7.3342572222

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168 7.2513500000

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169 7.3022916666

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107

(107)

1 2

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171 7.3358944444

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7.2128585290

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172 7.3010972222

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173 7.2502833333

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174 7.3351166666

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175 7.3016083333

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100

1

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176 7.3352583333

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177 7.3358916666

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178 7.3183472222

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179 7.3172516666 101.000213888 2 2 - - 2 - -

108

(108)

1 2

6667 88900

180 7.3253027777

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182 7.3003305555

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184 7.3186638888

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185 7.3339055555

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186 7.3189388888

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187 7.3682722222

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188 7.2848361111 101.000380555 8 2 - - 2 - -

109

(109)

1 2

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190 7.3358611111

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191 7.3175861111

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192 7.3021305555

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193 7.3010527777

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194 7.3183027777

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196 7.2358944444

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197 7.3010027777 100.983513888 3 - - 3 - -

110

(110)

1 2

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198 7.3345000000

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200 7.3350527777

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201 7.3004166666

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111

(111)

1 2

8889 77800 90440 1295000 584740 5850000

207 7.3022166666

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208 7.3171166666

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209 7.3175138888

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213 7.3187254444

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112

(112)

1 2

215 7.2834694444

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219 7.3339138888

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113

(113)

1 2

224 7.3340500000

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226 7.3018638888

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228 7.3345555555

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114

(114)

1 2

233 7.2838361111

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1

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237 7.3176027777

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240 7.3007111111

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115

(115)

1 2

242 7.3346972222

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243 7.3502916666

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246 7.2852555555

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247 7.3349361111

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249 7.3006083333

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116

(116)

1 2

251 7.3025833333

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252 7.3024361111

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253 7.3179472222

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254 7.3022254444

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256 7.3184500000

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258 7.3168916666

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259 7.3168916666

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117

(117)

1 2

260 7.3335333333

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261 7.2845361111

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266 7.3010388888

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100.59819899

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268 7.3333388888

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118

(118)

1 2

269 7.3184361111

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2 - - 2 - -

270 7.3355277777

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275 7.3010777777

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276 7.3182888888

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119

(119)

1 2

278 7.2172388888

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281 7.3183055555

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120

(120)

1 2

287 7.2849527777

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289 7.3250611111

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100.985672222

22200 2 - - 2 - -

290 7.2847472222

2222

100.984247222

22200 2 - - 2 - -

291 7.2172388888

8889

100.969033333

33300 2 - - 2 - -

292 7.3021611111

1111

101.018630555

55600 2 - - 2 - -

293 7.2253555555

5556

100.952269444

44400 2 - - 2 - -

294 7.2854444444

4444

101.017613888

88900

41

2 - - 2 - -

295 7.3015254444

4444

100.984038888

88900

4

2 - - 2 - -

121

(121)

1 2

296 7.3172750000

0000

100.986044444

44400

1

1

7.1914328680

16620

100.60115768

2945000 1

7.189983181

700800

100.59699375

9971000

297 7.3170416666

6667

100.985097222

22200

5

2 - - 2 - -

298 7.3188805555

5556

101.000254444

44400

6

2 - - 2 - -

299 7.0060350000

0000

100.467418000

00000

1

7.0060398256

18630

100.46744653

8119000 2 - -

300 7.0054140000

0000

100.473680000

00000

3 - - 3 - -

301 7.0154340000

0000

100.411995000

00000

500 3 - - 3 - -

302 7.0020630000

0000

100.497350000

00000

109 3 - - 3 - -

303 7.0092680000

0000

100.467814000

00000

holiday 1

7.0092724589

54080

100.46784712

3239000 3 - -

304 6.9973100000

0000

100.466294000

00000

1

6.9955706954

93960

100.46657505

2526000 1

6.995570695

493960

100.46657505

2526000

122

(122)

:

123

(123)

124

(124)

125

(125)

126

(126)

127

(127)

128

(128)

129

(129)

5110121051

2551

9. PEC - 9, 2 - 3 2554,

, .