Project 2 - Pantai Kerachut (SITE A)

S I T E P L A N

A

Site A Loca0on : Teluk Bahang. Penang Dimension: 100m x 200m Surrounding Context: Forest / Beach

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S E C T I O N A -‐ A

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S E C T I O N A -‐ B

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S E C T I O N A -‐ C

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C L I M A T E

Average Land Temperature: 27°C Average Sea Temperature : 29.5°C Average Sand Temperature : 25°C Average Humidity : 80%

5 principles to understand the wind direc0on and speed: • Velocity

• Direc0on

• Pressure

• Convec0on (density & temperature) • Venturi effect

Convec0on diagram: As shown in the diagram, air (wind) flows from the forested area on the hill site to a meadow will tend to rise. It is due to air in the meadow is exposed to more solar radia0on, hence making the air less warmer and dense.

Penang is hilly area therefore it has regional varia0on in weather. Dry Season : December to March Wet Season : April to November Wind Direc0on May to September : from southeast, below 15 knots. November to March : from the northeast, around 10-‐20 knots. Monsoon Seasons in Penang April to May September to October. Average Rainfall is 240-‐400mm. During this period, no outdoor ac0vity is allowed. *What is monsoon? It refers to the rainy phase of a seasonal changing pa>ern due to the reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitaBon.

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V I E W S

MAJOR VIEWS INTO THE SITE

A -‐ Major view to site from the sea (Travelling by boat)

MAJOR VIEWS INTO SITE

A

View to Site from Sea

A

B – From the Beachside

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b

View from Beachside

C -‐ From the Arrival area afer hiking (Sandy + Minimum trees)

C


C

View from Arrival Area

MAJOR VIEWS FROM THE SITE

RANGER WATCH TOWER AREA

COASTAL WATCH TOWER AREA

MAJOR VIEWS FROM SITE

COASTAL WATCH TOWER AREA

1. View of Beachside (“Ru” trees)

2. Pleasant view of the Ocean

3. View of jejy (under construc0on) & of incoming boats

4. A view of Minimum trees (Towards turtle breeding ground, Presence of Ambung-‐Ambung trees)

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2 3

4

POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE VIEWS




oak TREE

“RU” Trees (Oak Trees)

Oak Tree -‐  Has taproots root type, which grows deep

underground, seeking a dependable supply of moisture.

-‐  Traps and holds the soil in posi0on, preven0ng mudslide or soil erosion of the beach.

-‐  Provides shades for human ac0vi0es below the tree. -‐  Suitable for rough house construc0on.

Propor0on of human scale to oak tree.


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2. Pleasant view of the Ocean An overview of the beach from the shelter area, a

pleasant panoramic view without obstruc0on.


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3.  View of jejy (under construc0on) & incoming boats A not so pleasant view of the beach due to the construc0on

of the jejy, considered an eyesore the visitors. Also the view of many incoming boats to the shore can be

quite an unpleasant view.

Nega0ve View


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4.  A View of Minimum trees Towards the turtle breeding ground & the presence of

Ambung-‐ambung trees. A shady area with trees as landscape.


RANGER WATCH TOWER AREA

1. View of Campsite/Campers

Posi0ve Views

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2

2. View of Forest/Jungle



1.   View of Campsite / Campers A 180⁰ view of the campsite along with the campers.

An empty ground mainly for the purposes of camping, widely used for human ac0vi0es.


2

Nega0ve Views

1



1. View of Campsite/Campers


A 180⁰ view of the back of the campsite, jungle and part of the hiking trail.

The views are mainly blocked by the tall trees all around, obstruc0ng a clear view of the hiking trail.



Ascending Order of the Height of the Trees

Campsite Area


A Propor0onal Scale of the Jungle Trees to Average Human Size

Meran0 Jelutong


QUALITY OF VIEWS

QUALITY OF VIEWS

POINTS OF INTEREST

YELLOW -‐ RANGER WATCH TOWER Has a 360⁰ view of the campsite and the jungle. The empty land aids in the view of the ranger,

ensuring the protec0on of the campers.

RED -‐ COASTAL GUARD TOWER The posi0on along the beach ensures a clear

view of the jejy, shelter and the turtle breeding ground, of these are the responsibili0es of the

coastal guard. In case of emergency, it creates easier access to the shelter, jejy and the turtle breeding ground

as well as the lake.

POINT OF INTEREST ON SITE

E X I S T I N G S T R U C T U R E B U I L D I N G S

LOCATION OF EXISTING BUILDINGS

CAMP SITE

SHOWER ROOM

RESTROOM

SHELTER

RESTING AREA (THE HALL) •  It is built with an open space with no walls around it to show the scenery and ac0vi0es that take place. •  For a large group of one-‐day trip visitors. •  A good place to have group ac0vi0es. •  Easy to get on and off the beach. •  Why is it located there?

–  The Northeast area of the beach has lower al0tude so when high 0de, sea water will cover the en0re beach –  The Southwest is prohibited to have any human ac0vi0es as it is the breeding ground for the turtles.

The Hall Shelter

SIZE OF BUILDINGS ACCORDING TO HUMAN SCALE

CAMP SITE •  Public area, no walls, no tall structures, experiencing the sense of nature. •  Located near the jejy as these two points are actually the path of the main traffic. •  It allows people to get on and off the beach. •  Located away from the lake to reduce the air humidity as well as mosquitoes and other bugs. •  A big flat ground covered with soil for people to do such ac0vi0es.

Kitchen Table and Chair

SIZE OF BUILDINGS ACCORDING TO HUMAN SCALE

WHY IS IT BUILT LIKE THIS?

•  It is built with an open space with no walls around it to show the scenery and ac0vi0es that take place.

Example: -‐Sound of the wave and the leaves waving just like they are whispering in the forest. -‐Ac0vi0es that take place around such as animals roaming around the area, tourist having picnic, birds

viewing and many more. -‐Feel the space that the nature can provide. -‐Some of the place along the beach area has a different al0tude compared to the normal ground level.

WHAT KIND OF COLORS AND MATERIALS DID THEY USED?

•  The materials used in this area are cheap and easy to ajain. •  The colors used are mainly to suit the surroundings such as the color of the soil

and wood (brown).

The material they used would mostly be found in the forest around it. Example: -‐ Timber, ropes and some steel and concrete for reinforcement. In order for the animals to not see it as an alien object , the materials are all nearly made to be of the same texture (wood texture).

WOOD AND CEMENT AS THE BASE

CONCRETE AND STEEL STRUCTURE

WOOD IS WRAPPED WITH ROPE FOR RESISTANT AND

REINFORCEMENT

STRUCTURE OF THE BUILDING

Ques0ons that should be asked before designing:-‐ Example:-‐

-‐ What harm will they cause towards the environment? -‐ Will the animals feel threatened? -‐ What will the visitors think of the structure?

The joints between each sec0on is carefully calculated and measured so that it will last longer and can withstand everything the nature is able to throw at. Example: -‐ Monsoon season, drought, high salt content, sof earth founda0on.

The building style also allows natural sunlight and wind to penetrate the inner side of the building. Besides, the materials used have been reduced due to the simple columns and roof structure.

MATERIALS

COLOR SCHEME

I N F R A S T R U C T U R E

TRA I L

Stairway trails are another way to ascend higher slopes. The stairs are constructed by making cuts in the dirt, concrete and manufactured wood.

One example is the nature trails, which is used by people learning about the natural world. Many trails are designated day trails, meaning that they are generally used by people out for a short hike, less than a day. Some trails are designated backpacking trails, or long-‐distance trails, and are used by both day hikers and backpackers.

Concrete paving has also been used for what it offers in night-‐ 0me visibility, environmental friendliness, and low maintenance.

Under high flow condi0ons, water runs over the roadway. The slot drain covers is constructed as one of the walkway.

S IGNAGE

The main purpose of a sign is to communicate, to convey informa0on such that its receiver can make cogni0ve decisions based on the informa0on provided. In general, signs can be classified into the following func0ons: (a) Informa0on: signs giving informa0on about services and facili0es, e.g., maps, directories,

instruc0ons for use, etc.

(b) Direc0on: signs leading to services, facili0es, func0onal spaces and key areas, e.g., sign posts, direc0onal arrows, etc.

(c) Safety and Regulatory :signs giving warning or safety instruc0ons, e.g., warning signs, traffic

signs, rules & regula0ons, etc.

SAFETY

Major advantages of trail ligh0ng includes: preven0on of accidents and increase in safety.

There is some three-‐strand twisted natural fibre rope along the steep trail, which is designed to stretch under load in an elas0c manner in order to absorb the energy required to arrest a person in free fall without genera0ng forces high enough to injure them.

WATER

There is an elevated water tank beside the camp site. The water tank provides storage of water for drinking, fire suppression, food prepara0on as well as many other applica0ons.

C I R C U L A T I O N

Pedestrian Circulation Pattern

•  Opera0ng hours for registra0on: 8am-‐ 6pm •  Peak season: Saturdays, Sundays & School holiday •  Family ou0ngs, school & cooperate camps •  Average of 300 visitors •  Limita0on of 100 visitors at campsite •  Night ac0vi0es for campers are allowed with pre-‐registra0on.

Pedestrian Circulation Pattern

Vehicular Circulation Pattern

•  Boat as the main vehicle •  Traffic prohibited beyond the jejy •  No specific boat schedule •  Booking is required

Vehicular Circulation Pattern

Animal Circula0on Pajern

•  Turtles are sensi0ve towards light •  Ajracted by pokok abung

Animal Circula0on Pajern

H U M A N & A N I M A L A C T I V I T Y

Turtle Landing -‐ Happens all year round. -‐  Higher frequency of landings

on south side of jejy, due to unique sand and trees.

-‐  Lower frequency of landings on north side due to high human ac0vity.

Fishing •  A common ac0vity by the

campers and trackers. •  A higher frequency of fishing

towards the East side of the lake as it is less swampy and easier to excess for fishing.

Tracking Trail •  Basic means of gewng from

one place to another. •  Some trails are less traveled

as the dura0on and difficulty level of the trail.

Camping Site •  A fixed area is cleared for

campers to reside. •  Max 100 people are allowed

to camp in the area. •  Highest intensity of noise

and light. •  Far from beach to avoid

interrup0ng turtle landing. •  Situated on high and firm

grounds.

Beach Ac0vity •  Pantai Kerachut has a very

wide beach which allows a wide range of ac0vi0es to be held.

•  Water sports are banned to avoid hur0ng marine life

•  High frequency of human ac0vity and noise on the north side of the beach as the south side is out of bounds due to turtle ac0vity.

Boat Ac0vity •  Boat ac0vi0es are

minimalized to reduce sound and water pollu0on as it will effect the frequency of turtles landing.

•  Boats are not allowed to access south sec0on of the beach, does not interrupt turtle landing.

Noise Pollu0on •  Occurs at places with high

human frequency and at places with ac0vi0es.

L A N D S C A P E

A M B U N G -‐ A M B U N G Beach Naupaka | Scaevola Frutescens

He i g h t : U p t o 5 m

S h a d e C o v e r a g e :

H e a v y

-‐ N a 0 v e t r e e f o u n d m o s t l y o n t h e s o u t h w e s t o f t h e b e a c h

-‐ B u s h y s h r u b -‐ F o r m s h em i s p h e r i c a l m o u n d -‐ H a b i t a t f o r n e s 0 n g s e a

t u r t l e s -‐ P r e v e n t s b e a c h e r o s i o n -‐ R e q u i r e s f u l l s u n l i g h t -‐ C a n n o t b e c u t d o w n

RU CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA

He i g h t : U p t o 2 0 m – 3 0 m

T r u n k D i ame t e r :

U p t o 1 m

S h a d e C o v e r a g e : L i g h t t o m o d e r a t e

-‐ N a 0 v e t r e e f o u n d

t h r o u g h o u t t h e b e a c h -‐  B a r k i s l i g h t g r e y -‐ b r o w n -‐  R o u g h t e x t u r e -‐  S e e d e n c l o s e d i n c o n e (5mm)

-‐  C o n t r o l s s o i l e r o s i o n -‐  R o u g h h o u s e c o n s t r u c 0 o n

S C R E W P I N E Pandanus Tectorius

He i g h t : U p t o 6 m

S h a d e C o v e r a g e : U p t o 5 m d i a m e t e r

-‐ N a 0 v e t r e e f o u n d m o s t l y b y

t h e b e a c h s i d e -‐ S t o u t t r u n k s -‐ B r a n c h e s g r o w a t w i d e

a n g l e s

K E T A P A N G Tropical Almond | Terminalia Catappa

He i g h t : U p t o 2 0 m – 4 0 m


U p t o 1 – 1 . 5 m

S h a d e C o v e r a g e : U p t o 4 m i n d i a m e t e r

-‐  N a 0 v e t r e e o f A s i a -‐  R o o t s a r e d e e p i n t o t h e

s a n d -‐  S o i l s t a b i l i z a 0 o n -‐  C o a s t a l p r o t e c 0 o n

A C A C I A Acacia Magnium Wild

He i g h t : U p t o 7 m – 1 5 m


U p t o 0 . 9 m

S h a d e C o v e r a g e : U p t o 4 m d i a m e t e r

-‐  N o n -‐ n a 0 v e t r e e -‐  H a r d w o o d -‐  F i r e r e s i s t a n c e d u e t o i t ’ s

h e i g h t -‐  E a s i l y r e g e n e r a t e d f r o m

s e e d s -‐  C a n s u r v i v e i n c o m p a c t

s o i l s

N I B O N G P A L M Oncosperma Tigillaria

He i g h t : U p t o 1 2 m – 2 5 m


U p t o 1 m

S h a d e C o v e r a g e : M o d e r a t e

-‐  N a 0 v e t r e e l o c a t e d a t t h e

l o w e r h i l l s i d e -‐ T h o r n y e x t e r i o r -‐  H a r d o u t e r w o o d c a n b e

u s e d a s w a l l p a n e l s -‐  S t e m s c a n b e u s e d a s fi s h

t r a p s a n d f e n c i n g

M E R A N T I Shorea

He i g h t : U p t o 2 0 m – 5 0 m


U p t o 1 m – 4 . 5 m


-‐  N a 0 v e t r e e l o c a t e d o n t h e

u p p e r h i l l s i d e -‐  H a r d w o o d -‐  C omm e r c i a l 0 m b e r -‐  S u r v i v e o n c om p a c t s o i l -‐  L e a v e s g l o w s a t n i g h t

( n a t u r a l l i g h 0 n g )

J E L U T O N G Dyera Costulata

He i g h t : U p t o 2 0 m – 6 0 m


U p t o 2 m – 3 m



u p p e r h i l l s i d e -‐  C omm e r c i a l 0 m b e r -‐  S 0 l l c o n s i d e r e d a s a

p r o t e c t e d s p e c i e s

RENGAS Gluta Spp.

He i g h t : U p t o 2 0 m – 5 0 m

T r u n k D i ame t e r : U p t o 0 . 5 m – 1 . 2 m

S h a d e C o v e r a g e :

M o d e r a t e

-‐  N a 0 v e t r e e l o c a t e d a t t h e u p p e r h i l l s i d e

-‐  B a r k a n d w o o d a r e p o i s o n o u s c a u s e s i t c h i n e s s a n d r a s h e s

-‐  D a r k b l a c k s t a i n s o n t h e t r u n k

B A L A U K U M U S H I T A M Shorea Maxwelliana King

He i g h t : U p t o 1 8 m – 3 0 m


U p t o 1 m – 2 m



u p p e r h i l l s i d e -‐  T i m b e r i s v e r y d u r a b l e -‐  Mo s t l y u s e d f o r

c o n s t r u c 0 o n a n d f u r n i t u r e -‐  L i s t e d a s a n e n d a n g e r e d

s p e c i e s d u e t o d e f o r e s t a 0 o n

-‐ C a n n o t b e c u t d o w n

L I A N A CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA

L e n g t h : U p t o 1 0 0 m

V i n e D i ame t e r :

U p t o 0 . 6 m

-‐  N a 0 v e v i n e s w h i c h g r o w s f r om s o i l t o t h e t o p o f t h e c a n o p y

-‐  Wo o d y v i n e s -‐  C om p e t e d i n t e n s e l y f o r

s u n l i g h t -‐  S p r e a d s t o o t h e r t r e e s -‐  N e t w o r k o f v i n e s f o r

a n i m a l s -‐  G i v e s s u p p o r t t o s h a l l o w

r o o t e d a n d t o p h e a v y t r e e s a g a i n s t s t r o n g w i n d s

A N I M A L S B i r d s :

B u l b u l


H u mm i n g b i r d


P i g e o n


M a g p i e

A N I M A L S Mon k e y s :

A N I M A L S F l y i n g L emu r s :

A N I M A L S Mon i t o r L i z a r d s

A N I M A L S Se a T u r t l e s :

G r e e n S e a T u r t l e s

A N I M A L S Se a T u r t l e s :

A N I M A L S Oc e a n :

J e l l y fi s h e s

S e a N e j l e s

A N I M A L S Oc e a n :

J e l l y fi s h e s

C a s s i o p e a

A N I M A L S Oc e a n : D o l p h i n

H A R D S C A P E

Ro p e R a i l i n g s -‐ A i d s t r e k k e r s t o h i k e

S O I L C O N D I T I O N C r y s t a l S a n d

-‐  M i x t u r e o f s a l t a n d b r o k e n s h e l l s

-‐  N o t m u c h s t r e n g t h -‐  N o t s u i t a b l e t o

b u i l d s t r u c t u r e s

S O I L C O N D I T I O N C r y s t a l S a n d + L a t e r i t e S a n d

-‐  B e j e r s o i l q u a l i t y f o r c o n s t r u c 0 o n

M A T E R I A L I T Y T E L U K K A M P I

L O C A T I O N T e l u k K a m p i

Fast Facts : 1.  Steep slope of about

45-‐50 degrees. 2.  South bound from

the jejy. 3.  Surrounded by small

to medium plants.

Longitudinal sec0on

Towards the beach Forest trail, towards Teluk Kampi

site covered

L O C A T I O N T e l u k K a m p i

Laterite soil Mud

1.  Ground is made up of combina0on of laterite soil and mud. 2.  Higher ground is mainly of compact materials like rocks and stones. 3.  Surface covered by dead leaves as natural protein/fer0lizer.

Dead leaves

M A T E R I A L I T Y T e l u k K a m p i

LATERITE SOIL 1.  Reddish, also known as red soil. 2.  Loose material. 3.  Harden on exposure to air. 4.  Large por0on of iron and aluminium oxides. 5.  Darker color indica0ng more resistance to water. 6.  Overall strength based on moisture content.

S O I L C O N D I T I O N T e l u k K a m p i

MUD 1.  Fluid material that can dry up. 2.  Resistance to water based on compactness. 3.  Presence of moisture causes :-‐ §  Structure may sink if moisture content is high

causing walls and founda0on to crack. §  Compression/packing of the ground from weight

above. §  Water retainment.

S O I L C O N D I T I O N T e l u k K a m p i

Consider : 1.  Slab with load-‐bearing sec0ons

trenched to reach heavier soil beneath.

2.  Pile founda0on. 3.  Perimeter founda0on. 4.  Mat founda0on. 5.  Deep founda0on. 6.  Shallow founda0on. 7.  Bedrock. 8.  Proper drainage system. 9.  French drain. 10.  Landscaping. 11.  Soil improvement.

S O L U T I O N T e l u k K a m p i

C A S E S T U D Y

•  A structure that is more ver0cal than horizontal. •  Freestanding. •  Elevated plazorm for life guards to keep an eye on the beach. •  Has a 360-‐degree visibility.

•  Roofed, and may be flat. •  Entry via an angled staircase/plazorm or ladder.

I N T R O D U C T I O N

Past architecture

Present architecture

C O A S T G U A R D T O W E R

S E L J O R D W A T C H T O W E R R I N T A L A E G G E R T S S O N A R C H I T E C T S

PROPOSED NCI LOOKOUT TOWER T E I G N M O U T H , D E V O N D C F P L A N N I N G A N D D E S I G N

F U N C T I O N O F S P A C E S

plan at lower level

plan at upper level

entrance

stairs

observa0on deck

coast watch opera0ons room

storage

View overlooking

the lake

View overlooking the crown of trees

View overlooking

the bird nes0ng area

s e l j o r d w a t c h t o w e r n c i l o o k o u t t o w e r

sec0on

Exis0ng building

Exis0ng building

C I R C U L A T I O N s e l j o r d w a t c h t o w e r n c i l o o k o u t t o w e r

sec0on

H I E R A R C H Y O F S P A C E The focus of the buildings are the observa0on deck and coast watch room on top that provides panoramic view of the sea. This is where the main ac0vity of the building takes place. The lower observa0on decks and storage are the minor parts of the building.

The spaces highlighted in light green are the spaces where circula0on takes place. This is the space with the least human ac0vity.


sec0on

S Y M M E T R Y & B A L A N C E

R E P E T I T I O N & R H Y T H M

The Seljord Watch Tower’s façade is made out of repe00ve ver0cal wooden louvers which creates a constant rhythm all around the building. The rectangular observa0on decks are repeated at different levels to provide different views.

n o n e



eleva0on

eleva0on sec0on

E X T R A R E F E R E N C E S

m a t s u d a i s m a l l t o w e r

h j p : / / w w w . p e r i p h e r i q u e s -‐architectes.com/matsudai-‐small-‐tower

hjp://mimoa.eu/projects/Japan/Tokamachi-‐shi/Matsudai+Small+Tower

rossall point coastwatch tower

hjp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJbxv18CcBg hjp://www.ncirossallpoinzleetwood.co.uk/The-‐Tower.php

c o a s t g u a r d t o w e r h o u s e

hjp://llasyblog.blogspot.com/2011/03/coast-‐guard-‐tower.html hjp://www.themodernhouse.net/lewngs-‐list/former-‐coastguard-‐lookout/descrip0on-‐817/

C O N C L U S I O N

Date post:	19-Jun-2015
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Project 2 - Pantai Kerachut (SITE A)

Education