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Quantitative Tools
Quantitative Tools
Objectives
1. Understand why quantitative tools are important in silviculture
2. Know some examples of quantitative tools used
3. Understand TIPSY
Why develop quantitative tools?• Decision making
• Precise information transfer
• Clear delineation of options
Examples
• Yield tables
• Density management diagrams
• Stock and stand tables
• Computer growth models
• Economic analysis packages
TIPSY
• TIPSY (Table Interpolation Program for Stand Tables)
• Ministry of Forests
• Uses results from a growth model (TASS)
| Trees (#/ha) & Merch Volume (m3/ha) by DBH Class (cm) Top|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Age Ht | Trees | Vol | (yr) (m)| 0.0+ | 12.5+ | 0 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 60 | 65 | 70 | -______________________________________________________________________________________ 0.0 0.0 1600 1600 0 0 10.0 2.3 1547 1514 33 0 0 0 20.0 8.3 1448 64 644 712 28 1 0 0 0 1 30.0 14.0 1412 6 80 413 708 198 7 81 0 0 0 50 29 2 40.0 18.6 1401 3 67 174 471 497 165 22 2 202 0 0 0 45 93 51 11 2 50.0 22.4 1365 40 156 349 383 295 111 26 5 0 304 0 0 35 80 105 59 19 5 0 60.0 25.5 1313 14 132 321 296 261 181 76 25 5 2 403 0 0 32 65 100 106 63 27 7 3 70.0 28.1 1256 4 99 303 263 204 180 123 56 17 5 2 499 0 0 30 58 81 112 109 67 27 9 6
| Trees (#/ha) & Merch Volume (m3/ha) by DBH Class (cm) Top|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Age Ht | Trees | Vol | (yr) (m)| 0.0+ | 12.5+ | 0 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 60 | 65 | 70 | -______________________________________________________________________________________ 0.0 0.0 1600 1600 0 0 10.0 2.3 1547 1514 33 0 0 0 20.0 8.3 1448 64 644 712 28 1 0 0 0 1 30.0 14.0 1412 6 80 413 708 198 7 81 0 0 0 50 29 2 40.0 18.6 1401 3 67 174 471 497 165 22 2 202 0 0 0 45 93 51 11 2 50.0 22.4 1365 40 156 349 383 295 111 26 5 0 304 0 0 35 80 105 59 19 5 0 60.0 25.5 1313 14 132 321 296 261 181 76 25 5 2 403 0 0 32 65 100 106 63 27 7 3 70.0 28.1 1256 4 99 303 263 204 180 123 56 17 5 2 499 0 0 30 58 81 112 109 67 27 9 6
| Trees (#/ha) & Merch Volume (m3/ha) by DBH Class (cm) Top|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Age Ht | Trees | Vol | (yr) (m)| 0.0+ | 12.5+ | 0 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 60 | 65 | 70 | -______________________________________________________________________________________ 0.0 0.0 1600 1600 0 0 10.0 2.3 1547 1514 33 0 0 0 20.0 8.3 1448 64 644 712 28 1 0 0 0 1 30.0 14.0 1412 6 80 413 708 198 7 81 0 0 0 50 29 2 40.0 18.6 1401 3 67 174 471 497 165 22 2 202 0 0 0 45 93 51 11 2 50.0 22.4 1365 40 156 349 383 295 111 26 5 0 304 0 0 35 80 105 59 19 5 0 60.0 25.5 1313 14 132 321 296 261 181 76 25 5 2 403 0 0 32 65 100 106 63 27 7 3 70.0 28.1 1256 4 99 303 263 204 180 123 56 17 5 2 499 0 0 30 58 81 112 109 67 27 9 6
Tree Number
Crown Cover
DBH
Height/Diameter
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Species Matters
Height Growth
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Age
hei
gh
t
red cedar
Douglas-fir
Growth Curves
Height Growth (Bruce 1981)
0102030405060
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
100
Age
Hei
ght
(m)
Site 20
Site 30
Site 40
Basal Area• Proportional to total LA accumulation
over time
• Historic artifact of: site quality X stand structure
• Use is underpinned by Yoda’s theory of “final constant yield”
Basal Area
050
100150
200250300
350400
450500
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Age
Sq
uar
e F
eet/
Acr
e
Site 20
Site 30
Site 40
Volume Curves
Volume Growth (merchantable 7.5+)
0200400600800
10001200140016001800
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Age
Vo
lum
e (m
3/h
a)
Site 20
Site 30
Site 40
Not Every Cubic Meter Is the Same
Merchantable Volume
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Age
mb
f/ac
re
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
m3/
ha Bd Ft
Cub. M.
Lumber Recovery
Site 30
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Age
Bo
ard
fee
t/C
ub
ic M
eter
Another Problem
• Standing Volume Yield
Mortality
• Gross yield
• Net yield
What number is yield?
Site 30
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Age
Vo
lum
e (
cu
bic
me
ters
)
Gross
Total
Merchantable
Harvest Index
• Harvest Index is:
[(harvestable volume)/(total volume)]
– Utilization– Technology– Allocation
Harvest Index (Cubic Volume)
Site 30
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Age
Har
vest
In
dex
MAI
02
46
81012
1416
1820
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Age
Cu
bic
Met
ers/
Ha/
Yr
Site 20
Site 30
Site 40
Total or Merchantable?
MAI (Site 30)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Age
Cu
bic
Met
ers/
Ha/
Yr
Total
Merchantable
Thinnings
• Total yield
• Final yield
Volume (Site 30)
Thinning at 36 years
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Age
Vo
lum
e Gross
Total
Merch.
