Trismegistos Online Publications - IV -

Rural Settlements of the Oxyrhynchite

Nome

A Papyrological Survey

Version 1.0 October 2009

Compiled and Annotated by

Amin BENAISSA

Wolfson College, University of Oxford Köln / Leuven © 2009 Trismegistos

Trismegistos Online Publications

http://www.trismegistos.org/top.php

Edited by

W. Clarysse, M. Depauw & H.J. Thissen

TRISMEGISTOS

Trismegistos Online Publications - IV -

Rural Settlements of the Oxyrhynchite

Nome

A Papyrological Survey

Version 1.0 October 2009

Compiled and Annotated by

Amin BENAISSA

Wolfson College, University of Oxford Köln / Leuven © 2009 Trismegistos

The series Trismegistos Online Publications, edited by W. Clarysse (K.U.Leuven), M. Depauw (K.U.Leuven) and H.J. Thissen (Universität zu Köln), aims to provide freely downloadable PDF-documents with scholarly tools based upon or providing links to the Trismegistos database. Contributors can send in manuscripts in Word format to mark.depauw@arts.kuleuven.be. The editors will decide whether the manuscript fits in the series and can be accepted for reviewing. An anonymous version of the manuscript will then be sent to two or more peers for evaluation. On the basis of their report the editors will take a decision whether to publish it in the series or not. Authors will be given the anonymous notes of the reviewers and can be asked to implement changes to their manuscript. October 2009: Version 1.0 ISBN: 978-94-9060-404-2

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TABLE OF CONTENTS BIBLIOGRAPHY 4 INTRODUCTION 6 CATALOGUE 13 INDEX I: TOPARCHIES AND PAGI 388 INDEX II: ALPHABETICAL LIST OF TOPONYMS AND GRAPHIC VARIANTS 394 INDEX III: REVERSE INDEX OF TOPONYMS 403 INDEX IV: SETTLEMENTS CONNECTED TO THE ‘APION’ ESTATE 409 INDEX V: ANCIENT SETTLEMENTS PLAUSIBLY IDENTIFIED 412 WITH MODERN VILLAGES MAPS 413

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BIBLIOGRAPHY The following works are cited in the introduction and the catalogue by the author’s last name and short title/journal reference only: A. Benaissa, ‘Critical notes on the toponymy of the Oxyrhynchite nome’, ZPE 170 (2009) 186–90 A. Calderini, S. Daris, Dizionario dei nomi geografici e topografici dell’Egitto greco-romano + Supplementi (1935–2007) M. Drew-Bear, Le nome Hermopolite: toponymes et sites (ASP 21; Missoula 1979) M. R. Falivene, The Herakleopolite Nome: a Catalogue of the Toponyms (ASP 37; Atlanta 1998) F. T. Gignac, A Grammar of the Greek Papyri of the Roman and Byzantine Periods. Vol. I: Phonology (Milano [1976]); Vol. II: Morphology (Milano 1981) F. Gomaà, R. Müller-Wollermann, W. Schenkel, Mittelägypten zwischen Samalut und dem Gabal Abu Sir: Beiträge zur historischen Topographie der pharaonischen Zeit (TAVO Beihefte ser. B no. 69; Wiesbaden 1991) N. Gonis, ‘Some Oxyrhynchite villages in the eighth century’, CE 75 (2000) 128–32 T. M. Hickey, A Public “House” but Closed: “Fiscal Participation” and Economic Decision Making on the Oxyrhynchite Estate of the Flavii Apiones (Diss. Chicago 2001) J. Krüger, Oxyrhynchos in der Kaiserzeit: Studien zur Topographie und Literaturrezeption (Frankfurt am Main 1990) N. Litinas, ‘Villages and place-names of the Cynopolite nome’, AFP 40 (1994) 157–64 R. Mazza, L’archivio degli Apioni: terra, lavoro e proprietà senatoria nell’Egitto tardoantico (Bari 2001) F. Mitthof, ‘Topographie und Grenzverlauf des nördlichen Hermopolites in spätrömischer Zeit: Ein neues Papyruszeugnis’, APF 49 (2003) 207–17 P. Pruneti, ‘I κλῆροι del nomo Ossirinchite. Ricerca topografica’, Aegyptus 55 (1975) 159–244 P. Pruneti, I centri abitati dell’Ossirinchite: repertorio toponomastico (Pap.Flor. 9; Firenze 1981)

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P. Pruneti, ‘Toparchie e pagi: precisazioni topografiche relative al nòmo Ossirinchite’, Aegyptus 69 (1989) 113–18 P. Pruneti, ‘Ancora su toparchie e πάγοι dell’Ossirinchite’, Aegyptus 81 (2001) 291–7. J. Rowlandson, Landowners and Tenants in Roman Egypt: the Social Relations of Agriculture in the Oxyrhynchite Nome (Oxford 1996) J. Rowlandson, ‘Oxyrhynchus and its hinterland’, in A. K. Bowman et al., Oxyrhynchus: a City and its Texts (London 2007) 205–17 S. Timm, Das christlich-koptische Ägypten in arabischer Zeit I–VII (TAVO Beihefte ser. B no. 41; 1984–2007) H. Verreth, A Survey of Toponyms in Egypt in the Graeco-Roman Period (Version 1.0; 2008) downloadable from http://www.trismegistos.org/top.php J. Whitehorne, ‘The pagan cults of Roman Oxyrhynchus’, ANRW II 18.5 (1995) 3050–91 K.-Th. Zauzich, ‘Einige unerkannte Ortsnamen’, Enchoria 15 (1987) 169–79 Papyri are usualy cited according to the standard abbreviations in J. F. Oates et al., Checklist of editions of Greek, Latin, Demotic, and Coptic papyri, ostraca, and tablets5 (BASP Suppl. no. 9; 2001); an up-to-date version of the Checklist is available online at http://odyssey.lib.duke.edu/papyrus/texts/clist.html. BL = Berichtigungsliste der griechischen Papyrusurkunden aus Ägypten I–XII (1922–2009)

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INTRODUCTION The primary goal of this publication is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date catalogue of the villages and hamlets of the Oxyrhynchite nome, the administrative region of Graeco-Roman Egypt centred around the city of Oxyrhynchus (modern al-Bahnasa). Although the majority of Oxyrhynchite papyri were excavated from the rubbish mounds of the city itself, they preserve the names of several hundred rural settlements (villages, hamlets, farmsteads) from its wider territory. The principal reference of Oxyrhynchite villages hitherto has been Paola Pruneti’s fundamental I centri abitati dell’Ossirinchite. Since its publication almost three decades ago, however, a great number of papyri attesting Oxyrhynchite settlements, both new and known, have been published and various corrections have been made to some of the instances listed in that work. For evidence postdating Pruneti’s catalogue, the thorough scholar has been obliged to consult the (now four) Supplementi to Calderini-Daris, Dizionario dei nomi geografici e topografici dell’Egitto greco-romano, the Heidelberg WörterListen of recently published papyri (), and volumes VIII–XII of the Berichtigungsliste. Furthermore, some important studies on the topography of the Oxyrhynchite nome have appeared in the past two decades (see the Bibliography). It has seemed useful therefore to present a new repertory of Oxyrhynchite settlements incorporating all these accretions as well as contributing some new suggestions and corrections. It will hopefully facilitate further study of the historical topography of the nome and aid papyrologists editing or studying Oxyrhynchite texts. In view of the high turnout of Oxyrhynchite papyri, particularly in The Oxyrhynchus Papyri series, a digital publication has been deemed preferable to a printed book, as it will allow the catalogue to be revised and updated at regular intervals in light of new papyri, studies, and corrections. A secondary purpose of this work is to present synoptically the information recoverable from the papyri about individual villages. This information is presented in summary form under several categories (see below). But while every care has been taken to make the list of a settlement’s instances as accurate and comprehensive as possible, this second part cannot be taken to be exhaustive and does not obviate the need to reexamine the original publications for confirmation, greater details, and most importantly context. It is meant to serve merely as a rough guide or index to the sources, in order to allow papyrologists and historians to find references relevant to their particular interests without the need to sift through all the instances of a village.

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Like Pruneti’s above-cited work, this catalogue does not list every attested rural toponym,1 but solely ‘centri abitati’. There are several criteria for identifying a settlement in the papyrological record. The designation of a toponym, if given or preserved, is usually the most obvious indication.2 The terms kome (village) and epoikion (hamlet) are the standard and unambiguous designations of rural settlements.3 Toponyms genitivally dependent on the word topoi designate the centre of a district for the collection of the grain tax and were relatively important villages.4 The terms chorion and ktema are more ambivalent and are not by themselves sufficient to identify a settlement, since they frequently qualify viticultural sites that were not necessarily nucleated or permanent settlements.5 Other possible pointers of inhabited centres are the description of a person as ‘from (apo)’ a certain place, the identification of a toponym by membership to an administrative subdivision of the nome, and the description of a toponym as under the administration of a functionary (e.g. a village scribe or sitologos). Some toponyms whose status as settlements is uncertain are also listed; see below under Name on how these are marked. The chronological framework of the catalogue is the ‘Graeco-Roman period’ broadly defined, from the third century BCE to the eighth century CE. The catalogue is based primarily on documentary sources of the period, essentially Greek papyri and ostraca. Some tentative identifications of villages in the demotic ostraca from Oxyrhynchus (chiefly in Pisa) are also listed (see Zauzich, Enchoria 15 (1987) 169–79). Occasional

1 For other toponyms see the references in Verreth, Survey of Toponyms, or the more up-to-date entries on the Trismegistos database: http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/index.php. 2 For an analysis of the percentages and chronological repartition of settlements’ designations, see Krüger, Oxyrhynchos in der Kaiserzeit 45–6. 3 In the Ptolemaic and early Roman periods, epoikia ‘were essentially by origin “tied” or estate villages, as opposed to the independent komai, although it is clear that some developed into independent settlements, to be included in the Roman administrative lists of villages ..., or elevated to the state of kome, as was Dositheou’ (Rowlandson, ‘Oxyrhynchus and its hinterland’ 210). In the late antique period epoikia proliferate in the papyrological evidence and designate estate-owned hamlets that lacked the autonomous administrative institutions of komai (see J. Banaji, ‘Agrarian history and the labour organisation of Byzantine large estates’, in A. K. Bowman, E. Rogan (edd.), Agriculture in Egypt from Pharaonic to Modern Times (Oxford 1999) 206–7, and cf. Mazza, L’archivio degli Apioni 79). 4 See R. Boehm, ‘Contribution à l’étude de l’administration romaine en Égypte’, Hermes 81 (1953) 473–8. 5 On the meaning of chorion, see R. S. Bagnall, ‘The date of P. Kell. I G. 62 and the meaning of χώριον’, CE 74 (1999) 329–33 (cf. esp. p. 332: ‘the dominant sense was that of non-inundated land, primarily used for growing tree crops of various sorts, but especially vineyards, and sometimes also containing farm buldings or equipment’), and Hickey, A Public “House” but Closed 30–34. In the period following the Islamic conquest, ‘the word χώριον is used for most settlements in rural areas, especially in Middle Egypt, having become a generic term for separate fiscal districts in the hinterland of the pagarchies (the old nomes)’ (N. Gonis, BMCR review of Falivene, The Herakleopolite Nome, in http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2001/2001-02-13.html). On the sense of ktema as ‘a walled enclosure’ (often a vineyard) ‘as opposed to the open fields’, see D. Rathbone, Economic Rationalism and Rural Society in Third-Century A.D. Egypt (Cambridge 1991) 33.

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literary instances are signaled and, when appropriate, references are made to Timm, Das christlich-koptische Ägypten, for late Coptic and Arabic literary sources. The following is a brief explanation of the structure of the entries and the categories of information abstracted from the papyri: Name. The name of the settlement is usually given in its most common or (in the case of Greek toponyms) its etymologically correct form. Toponyms that are ‘true’ genitives, e.g. personal names or occupations genitivally dependent on a word like epoikion or kome, are lemmatized as such (Ϲατύρου sc. ἐποίκιον, ‘the hamlet of Satyros’; Ἀκτουαρίου sc. ἐποίκιον, ‘the hamlet of (the) actuarius’). When a toponym is attested only in the genitive and it is unclear whether it is a ‘true’ genitive or not, or if the nominative form is otherwise uncertain (e.g. Παγγουλεείου, nom. Παγγουλέειοϲ or Παγγουλέειον?), the word is kept in the case in which it appears. The most frequent or important graphic variants are lemmatized in the catalogue itself with cross-references; others are given in Index II. For accentuation I have followed the rules laid down by W. Clarysse, ‘Greek accents on Egyptian names’, ZPE 119 (1997) 177–84 (Egyptian toponyms without a Greek ending are not accented). The following system of stars, placed before the toponym, is used to mark doubtful Oxyrhynchite settlements: * = the membership of the village in the Oxyrhynchite nome is uncertain; ** = the status of the toponym as a settlement is uncertain; *** = both Oxyrhynchite membership and status as toponym are uncertain. Trismegistos URL. Every toponym is given a unique number (‘Geo ID’) and card in the file ‘Places’ of the online Trismegistos database (http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/index.php). The URL under each lemma in the catalogue corresponds to the relevant Trismegistos webpage, with a hyperlink allowing easy transition from the catalogue to the database. Instances. The instances of each settlement are listed in chronological order. Entries in the Berichtigungsliste, where pertaining to the toponymn in question, and significant graphic variants beyond common phonetic spellings (e.g. iotacims) are noted between parentheses after the relevant instance. Dates should be assumed to be CE unless explicitly marked BCE. If not otherwise indicated, dates are those given by the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis der griechischen Papyrusurkunden Ägyptens (http://www.rzuser.uni-heidelberg.de/~gv0/); one should consult the relevant entry of HGV for references to the latest amendments of editorial dates. The column after the date records the Greek designation of the settlement where known (kome, epoikion, topoi, ktema, chorion; see above). The following sigla are used for these designations: < > = the designation is deduced from the gender of an accompanying article or adjective; [ ] = the designation is restored by the editor in a lacunose passage.

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Uncertain instances. These are highly uncertain instances, where the toponym is restored on questionable grounds, or where its restoration is cautiously suggested in an editorial note. Delenda. Instances that were incorporated in Pruneti, I centri, or read afterwards, but whose reading is no longer correct. Older (i.e. pre-Pruneti) delenda are not listed. Etymology/form. The proposed etymology of the toponym. Noteworthy forms and morphological peculiarities are also occasionally noted. Administrative subdivision. Up to 307/8 CE, the Oxyrhynchite nome was divided into six administrative areas called ‘toparchies’: Upper (southernmost), Western, Eastern, Middle, Thmoisepho, and Lower (northernmost). After 307/8 the six toparchies were replaced by ten pagi, which were numbered in a roughly ascending south-north sequence. The greater number of pagi means that the territories of most toparchies were subsequently included under two or more pagi. For an overview of the approximate layout, boundaries and sizes of these administrative subdivisions, see Rowlandson, Landowners and Tenants 8–15. On the pagi see also P.Oxy. LV 3795 introd., Pruneti, ‘Toparchie e pagi’, eand., ‘Ancora su toparchie e πάγοι dell’Ossirinchite’. A list of the villages for which the toparchy and/or pagus is known is presented in Index I. Arabic/modern counterpart. For most of the proposed identifications of ancient toponyms with modern ones I refer to Gomaà et al., Mittelägypten, except where other scholars have disagreed or made suggestions not appearing therein. Many of the identifications based solely on phonetic grounds are hypothetical and need to be confirmed against the internal evidence provided by the papyri for the relative location of the ancient settlement. Ancient settlements plausibly identified with modern villages are listed in Index V and are plotted on the maps at the end of this publication. Relative location. The location of the settlement relative to others on the basis of the internal evidence of the papyri, or more general associations between villages. Indications of geographical proximity range from the explicit qualification of a village as near another to inter-village disputes to the presence of inhabitants of one village as lessees of land in another (presumably neighbouring) village (cf. the remarks by Rowlandson, Landowners and Tenants 268). For a schematic representation of the relationships between some villages, see also Krüger, Oxyrhynchos in der Kaiserzeit 50–53. More recently, G. Ruffini, Social Networks in Byzantine Egypt (Cambridge 2008) ch. 2, has applied the tools of ‘social network analysis’ to investigate the pattern of ties between Oxyrhynchite villages (in particular those connected with the Apion estate) in the late antique period.

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Position in official lists of villages. The immediate villages listed before and after the village in question in official or semi-official administrative lists and accounts (up to the fourth century only; the order in estate accounts, lists, etc. of the later period is not given). The order of villages in such lists does not necessarily correspond to a geographical organization. However, villages that are fairly consistently named after one another can often be assumed to have been relatively proximate, provided this can be confirmed by other indications such as identifications with modern toponyms or other documents closely associating the two places. See P.Wash.Univ. II 81 introd. pp. 89–93 for further discussion of the issue. Categories of associated lands: e.g. catoecic (katoikike), private (idiotike), royal (basilike), public (demosia), uninundated (abrochos), confiscated, etc. For a good review of the land category system of Roman Egypt and its development, particularly in relation to the Oxyrhynchite nome, see Rowlandson, Landowners and Tenants ch. 2 (with further bibliography). Cultures: wheat, viticulture, barley, the various fodder crops (chortos, arakos, chlora), vegetables, palm and other fruit trees, oil, etc. For an overview of the crops grown in the Oxyrhynchite nome, see Rowlandson, Landwoners and Tenants 19–25. For more details on individual crops, see M. Schnebel, Die Landwirtschaft im hellenistischen Ägypten (München 1925). Note that the ubiquitous wheat is only signaled when it is explicitly attested as a crop (e.g. in leases); documents such as sitologos receipts and grain accounts are ignored. Associated kleroi. Kleroi were initially allotments granted to military settlers in the early Ptolemaic period. The names of the first settlers eventually became permanently linked with their allotments, so that even after the cleruchic system was superseded, kleroi continued to function as topographical designations, particularly to identify the location of a parcel of land in a village’s territory. Only kleroi explicitly associated with particular villages are listed. On kleroi of the Oxyrhynchite nome, see Pruneti, ‘I κλῆροι del nomo Ossirinchite’. On Greek settlement in Ptolemaic Oxyrhynchus, see further Rowlandson, ‘Oxyrhynchus and its hinterland’ 208–11, and on fossilized kleros names in general, see F. Zucker, ‘Beobachtungen zu den permanenten Klerosnamen’, in Studien zur Papyrologie und antiken Wirtschaftsgeschichte Friedrich Oertel zum achtzigsten Geburtstag gewidmet (Bonn 1964) 101–6. Irrigation: canals, dikes, mechanai, lakkoi, irrigation work, etc. On the vocabulary related to irrigation, see D. Bonneau, Le régime administratif de l’eau du Nil dans l’Égypte grecque, romaine et byzantine (Leiden 1993). Topographical features: buildings associated with the village, such as granaries, houses, workshops, or other features such as harbours, threshing floors,

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streets, dovecotes, etc. Note that granaries are listed only when they are explicitly attested, not when they are merely implied e.g. by transfer of grain through sitologoi. Animals: donkeys, sheep, goats, oxen, etc. Religion: temples, priests, festivals, churches, monasteries, etc. See further Whitehorne, ‘The pagan cults of Roman Oxyrhynchus’, and Timm, Das christlich-koptische Ägypten. Officials: administrative and other officials, liturgists, police, village elders, etc. For the first to fourth centuries, see in general N. Lewis, The Compulsory Public Services of Roman Egypt2 (Pap.Flor. 28; Firenze 1997). For the late antique period, see the useful excursus on ‘Die Leitung der Dörfer’ in G. Schmelz, Kirchliche Amtsträger in spätantiken Ägypten nach der Aussagen der griechischen und koptischen Papyri und Ostraka (München 2002) 296–309. Occupations: traders, craftsmen, estate administrators, agricultural labourers, etc. Noteworthy landowners: important landowners and estates, e.g. office-holding Oxyrhynchites, Alexandrians, imperial estates, the aristocracy of late antiquity, etc. For some such landowners of the early Roman period see Rowlandson, Landowners and Tenants (index), and A. K. Bowman, in P.Thomas pp. 11–17. I have not usually included the evidence of private accounts in village granaries. For the Apion estate, whose large archive dominates the papyrological evidence of Oxyrhynchus from the end of the fifth to the beginning of the seventh centuries, see in general Mazza, L’archivio degli Apioni and Hickey, A “Public” House but Closed (both have appendices listing some Apionic villages; for a more inclusive list see Index IV below). Military: Ptolemaic military settlers, veterans, etc. Taxes and other imposts: for the taxes of Roman Egypt up to the end of third century, the standard reference work remains S. R. Wallace, Taxation in Egypt from Augustus to Diocletian (Princeton 1938). Not listed are generic terms such as demosia, argyrika/chrysika or embole. Terms for which there is no standard English translation (e.g. chortos, mechane) are reported only in Greek, transliterated phonetically in italic Roman letters (th = θ; k = κ; y = υ but αυ/ευ/ου = au/eu/ou; ph = φ; ch = χ; no distinction between epsilon and eta, omicron and omega). Proper names, with the exception of ‘Oxyrhynchus’ and some Roman emperors’ names, are usually transliterated in the same manner, but do not appear in italics (e.g. Kallistratos, Sinkepha). For very recent publications of papyri in journal articles that have not yet been incorporated in the Sammelbuch, I have checked the standard papyrological journals (Aegyptus –84, Anal.Pap. –16/17, APF –54, BASP –45, CE –83, Comunicazioni

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Vitelli –7, JJP –37, Tyche –22, ZPE –170), but may have missed some publications in other journals and volumes if they are not yet listed in the APF ‘Urkundenreferate’. It is inevitable that a compilation of this kind will contain errors and inaccuracies. Corrections and suggestions will be warmly welcomed. Editors of Oxyrhynchite texts are also encouraged to signal relevant new publications to me for future editions of the catalogue. Please email me at my permanent address amin.benaissa@gmail.com. This work was completed in the first year of my tenure of a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship at the Faculty of Classics, University of Oxford. I am greatly indebted to the Leverhulme Trust and the Faculty for their support. I also warmly thank Prof. Alan Bowman for his advice and encouragement, Dr. Nikolaos Gonis, Prof. Todd Hickey and Dr. Herbert Verreth for some corrections and additions, and the two anonymous referees for their comments. Finally, I am grateful to the editors of Trismegistos Online Publications for accepting this work in their series.

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CATALOGUE

Α Α̣ ̣ ̣ κ ̣ τ ̣ ίου - Ak..k.tiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3413 P.Oxy. XVI 2031.8 VI/VII Occupations: Apionic pronoetes [P.Oxy. 2031 (name not preserved)] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2031] **Ἀβακ( ) - Abak( ) http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8 P.Giss. 57.10 (Φοιβάµµωνι βοηθ(ῷ) Αβακ( )) VI/VII Note: possibly a personal name of the person whom Phoibammon served as boethos. **Ἀβοκ/Παβοκ - Abok/Pabok http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=6168 PSI XII 1249.25 (Παβοκ) 265 ktema PSI XII 1250(a).2 (Ἀβοκ) 265 ktema (8) Administrative subdivision: Upper toparchy (deduced from the proximity to Chysis; see below under Relative Location) Relative location: near Chysis (Upper toparchy) [PSI 1249–50] Cultures: viticulture [PSI 1249–50]

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Noteworthy landowners: Aurelios Sarapion alias Apollonianos, gymnasiarchos and bouleutes [PSI 1249–50] Note: probably not a settlement, but the name of a viticultural site. **Ἀγαθάµµωνοϲ - Agathammonos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8828 P.Col. VII 191 .12 mid-IV Note: line 11–12 are read ἀποὺ γῆϲ τῆϲ κώµ(ηϲ) Ἀγαθάµµωνοϲ. The editors do not offer a translation of this puzzling passage, but they record Ἀγαθάµµων in the index of personal names. Pruneti, I centri s.v. = BL VIII 88, argues that ‘che si tratta di una indicazione locale (come ai rr. 3 e 8) sembra probabile: non è quindi da escludere l’ipotesi di una κώµη Ἀγαθάµµωνοϲ’. **Ἀγαθίνου - Agathinou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9724 P.Dub. 19.5 = P.Oxy. I 183 verso 263 ktema Note: rather than a settlement this was probably the name of a viticultural site belonging to a certain Agathinos (the editor translates πρὸϲ κτήµατι Ἀγαθείνου with ‘for the estate of Agatheinus’). Ἀδαίου - Adaiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8305 P.Theon. 8.1 157 epoikion P.Mert. I 17.5 = P.Oxy. XIV 1685 (Ἀδέου) 158 epoikion P.Theon. 25.1 = P.Wisc. I 22 160 SB XXVI 16570.27 = P.Oxy. XXIV 2422 290 P.Graux II 29.10 III P.Oxy. X 1285.86 III P.Oxy. VI 989 descr. (Ἀδευ; BL VIII 239) III/IV kome P.Oxy. XIV 1747.29 III/IV P.Oxy. XIX 2235.2, 9, 21 c. 346 kome P.Oxy. LIX 4002.17 (Ἀδέου) IV/V

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P.Oxy. XVI 1941.3 V epoikion P.Oxy. XVI 2032.7, 8 540/41 P.Oxy. XVI 1916.4, 19, 30 after 547 P.Oxy. LV 3805.118 after 566 kome P.Oxy. I 136.16 (Ἀδαίου), 44 (Ἀδέυ) 583 kome P.Oxy. XVIII 2196.5 after 587 kome P.Oxy. XVI 2044.3 VI kome P.Princ. III 158.10 VI P.Oxy. XVI 1908.17 VI/VII P.Oxy. I 139.15 612 kome P.Oxy. LVIII 3960.8 n., 33 621 Uncertain instance: P.Theon. 15.4 n. 159 epoikion Administrative subdivision: Eastern toparchy; 4th pagus Relative location: in the south-eastern corner of Eastern toparchy (cf. Rowlandson, Landowners and Tenants 11, 13). P.Oxy. 2235 concerns a dispute over whether a piece of land belongs to the taxable territory of Adaiou or Terythis (Eastern toparchy; 4th pagus), suggesting that the two villages were close neighbours. Adaiou is in the same prostasia of the Apion estate as Matreou and Episemou (Upper toparchy; 3rd pagus) [P.Oxy. 136, 2196]. Two men from Adaiou take under lease land in Oasitou, which could imply relative proximity between the two settlements [P.Mert. 17]. Position in official lists of villages: between Phthochis and Phoboou [P.Graux 29]; between Posompous and Terythis [P.Oxy. 1285]; between Terythis and Psobthis [P.Oxy. 1747]; between Terythis and Phthochis [SB 16570] Categories of land: private [P.Oxy. 2235] Cultures: wheat [P.Oxy. 2235]; viticulture [P.Oxy. 2044, 3960]; chortos [P.Oxy. 4002] Irrigation: waterwheel (trochos) [P.Theon 25]; mechane (called Ϲτύµονοϲ) [P.Oxy. 1941] Topographical features: bath-house (balaneion) of the Ioulioi Theones [P.Theon 15] Animals: calf [SB 16570] Officials: boundary inspector (horiodeiktes) [P.Oxy. 2235]; head-watchman (protophylax) [P.Oxy. 139] Occupations: estate prostates [P.Theon 25]; blacksmith(?) [P.Oxy. 989]; brick manufacture [P.Oxy. 3805]; Apionic pronoetes [P.Oxy. 136, 2196 (Serenos, who is also deacon); P.Oxy. 1916 (Papnouthios)]; georgoi [P.Oxy. 1941]

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Noteworthy landowners: Ioulioi Theones [P.Theon 8, 15, 25]; Apion estate [all instances following P.Oxy. 2032] Taxes and other imposts: annona militaris(?) [P.Graux 29]; requisition of meat [SB 16570] Ἀειάνου - Aeianou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8318 P.Oxy. XVI 2025.26 VI/VII epoikion Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2025] Ἀθα[ - Atha[ http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8323 P.Oxy. XVI 2055.41 VI Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate(?) [P.Oxy. 2055] Note: inhabitants of this settlement, along with those of Kalybe, are accused of stealing eight baukalia [P.Oxy. 2055]. Ἀθλητοῦ - Athletou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8849 P.Oxy. XXVII 2478.14 + introd. (Ἀθλιτοῦ) 595 epoikion Topographical features: orchard (pomarion) [P.Oxy. 2478] Occupations: enapographos pomarites [P.Oxy. 2478] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2478] Note: cf. the epoikion Ἀθλητοῦ in SB XXII 15260.7 (Herm.; VII).

17

*Ἀθηκ ̣ ̣ ̣ - Athek.. http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8330 O.Wilck. 1091.3 180 Note: both the reading and the localization in the Oxyrhynchite nome are uncertain (cf. Calderini, Dizionario s.v.). Ἄθυχιϲ - Athychis http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8337 P.Princ. II 42.2, 7, 18, 25, 35, 37, 39 94/5 P.Oxy. XLI 2958.12 99 P.NYU II 52.7, 24 (see P.Oxy. 4889.16 n.) early II P.Oxy. LXXII 4888.5 176 P.Oxy. LXXII 4889.15, 16, 17 176/7 P.Oxy. XIX 2240.6, 11, [32], 39 211 kome P.Oxy. XIV 1659.14 218–21 P.Oxy. XLIII 3109.12 253–6 P.Haun. II 37.3 III P.Oxy. X 1285.58 (BL I 334) III P.Oxy. XLIV 3170.10, 44, 107, [131] (+ introd.) III SB XIV 12108.12 III/IV PSI VII 819.17 c. 311? kome Administrative subdivision: Upper toparchy Relative location: in the south of the Upper toparchy, near Chysis, with whom it shared stiologi [P.Oxy. 2958]. On the left bank of the canal of Apollophanes [SB 12108]. Near Poynis [P.Oxy. 4889 with 16 n.]. Position in official lists of villages: between Nesmimis and Sadalou [P.Oxy. 1285]; between Sinkepha and Enteeis [P.Oxy. 1659]; between Sento and Taampemou, Kesmouchis and Sko, Sinkepha and Isieion Tryphonos, Monimou and Chysis [P.Oxy. 3170]; before Senyris and Sinkepha [SB 12108] Cultures: wheat [P.Oxy. 2240, P.Princ. 42, PSI 819]; arakos [P.Oxy. 2240] Irrigation: well/cistern (krene) [P.Oxy. 2240]; canal (dioryx) of Apollophanes [SB 12108]; irrigation work [SB 12108] Animals: oxen (requisitioned for Valerian’s Eastern campaigns) [P.Oxy. 3109] Officials: archephodos [P.Oxy. 2240.32]; sitologoi (ϲι(τολόγων) Χοίϲεωϲ [l. Χύϲεωϲ] καὶ Ἀθύχεω[ϲ]) [P.Oxy. 2958]; komarchai [P.Oxy. 3109]

18

Occupations: brick manufacture(?) [P.Oxy. 2240] Noteworthy landowners: unknown ‘large estate’ [P.Oxy. 2240] Military: veteran [PSI 819] Taxes and other imposts: crown-tax [P.Oxy. 1659]; cheirographia [P.Oxy. 2240] Other: a freedman from this village is mentioned in P.Oxy. 3109. Ἀκακίου(?) - Akakiou(?) http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8357 PSI I 60.12 (Ἀ̣κ̣α̣κ̣ί̣ο̣υ[̣?]) 595 epoikion Delendum: PSI III 246.8 (526); see BL X 236. Irrigation: mechane (called Καινῆϲ) [PSI 60] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [PSI 60] Note: J. R. Rea, P.Oxy. LV 3804.11 n., considered both PSI instances ‘doubtful’. P.Oxy. XVI 1911.138 (557) and 3804.11 (566) both mention an edaphos µαρτυρίου Ἀκακίου, which Rea hesitantly connects with the martyrium of Akakios in Constantinople. Ἀκανθών - Akanthon http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8855 P.Oxy. XLV 3250.9, 28 c. 63 P.Wash.Univ. II 102.4 V/VI epoikion Etymology: ‘named after acacia groves’ (P.Oxy. LV 3805.48 n.). There are several homonymous places in other parts of Egypt (see Verreth, A Survey of Toponyms 31–2). Topographical features: a harbour of Akanthon and Lile (Eastern toparchy; 5th pagus) is mentioned in P.Oxy. 3250. Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Wash.Univ. 102]

19

Note: cf. the edaphos Ἀκανθῶνοϲ in P.Oxy. XVI 1911.62 (557; see BL IX 62) and LV 3804.134 (566), and the mechane καλουµένη Ἀκανθῶνοϲ in SB XXII 15364.17 (582) (see P.Oxy. 3804.134 n.). Ἀκινδύνου - Akindynou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8857 P.Oxy. XLVIII 3407.8 IV epoikion Animals: bullocks (moschoi) [P.Oxy. 3407] Occupations: estate pronoetes [P.Oxy. 3407]; phrontistes [P.Oxy. 3407]; bull-driver (taurelates) [P.Oxy. 3407] **Ἀκουβεει - Akoubeei http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8374 SB I 1945.1 V/VI chorion(?) Ἀκούτου - Akoutou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8375 P.Oxy. LVI 3863.4 V kome P.Oxy. LVI 3865.30 V P.Oxy. VIII 1137.2 562/3 ktema Relative location: in P.Oxy. 1137 the public dues of Akoutou are paid to the boethos of Sarapionos Chairemonos (Eastern toparchy; 5th pagus), suggesting proximity between the two localities (cf. P.Oxy. 3863.3–4 n.). Cultures: wine is mentioned in P.Oxy. 3863, but does not necessarily imply viticulture. Religion: priests and deacons [P.Oxy. 3863] Officials: meizon [P.Oxy. 1137 (but he might alternatively belong to Sarapionos Chairemonos)]; grammateus [P.Oxy. 1137 (but he might alternatively belong to Sarapionos Chairemonos)]

20

Note: ‘The plurality of priests and deacons suggests that it [Akoutou] was a fairly large place’ (P.Oxy. 3863.3–4 n.). Ἀκτή - Akte http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8861 P.Oxy. L 3598.9 early IV P.Köln IV 189.2 IV/V Relative location: P.Köln 189 is an order to the eirenarchs of Seryphis (Western toparchy; 3rd pagus) to send up a person from Akte to the city, suggesting that this place was close to Seryphis. Occupations: katamenios(?) [P.Oxy. 3598] Ἀκτουαρίου - Aktouariou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8279 P.Oxy. XVI 2032.78, 84 540/41 P.Oxy. XVI 1913.12, 39, 43, 67 c. 555? P.Oxy. XVI 2012.2 590 PSI I 62.14, 29 613 epoikion Uncertain instance: P.Oxy. XVI 1856.2 (Ἀκ[τουα]ρ̣) VI/VII Relative location: perhaps near Oxyrhynchus given its occurrence in P.Oxy. 1913, an account dealing in large part with the Apion estate’s Προάϲτιον ἔξω τῆϲ πύληϲ (cf. Mazza, L’archivio degli Apioni 86). A person from the epoikion Pilasienous gives surety for an enapographos georgos from Aktouariou, perhaps indicating proximity between the two settlements [PSI 62]. Aktouariou is named with Phatement in P.Oxy. 1913.67 (cf. also P.Oxy. 2012.1) and with Mega Eirenarcheion in P.Oxy. 2012. A localization near Oxyrhynchus would throw further doubts on the restoration of P.Oxy. 1856.2, since that village is mentioned alongside Herakloasianou and Keuothis, the latter being in the Cynopolite nome (cf. ZPE 170 (2009) 189). Occupations: Apionic pronoetes [P.Oxy. 1913 (Ioulianos), 1856(?) (Ioseph)]; enapographos georgos [PSI 62] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [all instances]

21

Ἀλβίνου - Albinou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8865 P.Oxy. XLVI 3307.23 early IV epoikion Administrative subdivision: 8th pagus Relative location: probably in the vicinity of Souis (Lower toparchy; 8th pagus) [P.Oxy. 3307.21] Position in official lists of villages: between Strouthou and Psankerma [P.Oxy. 3307] Ἀλεξανδρέων - Alexandreon http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8398 P.Oxy. XVI 2025.40 VI/VII epoikion Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2025] Ἀλεξοῦτοϲ - Alexoutos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8406 P.Oxy. VII 1052.6, 16, 27 after 362 Administrative subdivision: ‘È probabile una localizzazione di questo centro nella λιβόϲ o nella µέϲη τοπαρχία, poiché gli altri villaggi che compaiono nel papiro appartengono all’una o all’altra toparchia’ (Pruneti, I centri s.v.). Other: balsam, wool and woad [P.Oxy. 1052] **Ἀλέτου - Aletou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8407 PSI VII 799.27 (ἀ]π[ὸ] Αλέτου) III Note: the reading is uncertain according to the editor, and it is unclear whether this is a place name.

22

Ἀληϲί[ου] - Alesiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8409 PSI I 59.7 596 epoikion Occupations: enapographos georgos [PSI 59] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [PSI 59] Ἀλκυόνεωϲ - Alkyoneos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8417 SB XXIV 16281.2 = P.Lond. V 1655.2 364 SB XX 15167.1 = VIII 9892 (Ἀλκεόνεοϲ) VI Occupations: georgoi [SB 15167] Military: a military recruit supplied by an estate is from this village [SB 16281] Note: the settlement is perhaps identical with Ἀλκώνιοϲ , Ἀλκωµε and/or Ἀρκύων(οϲ). Ἀλκωµε - Alkome http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8418 P.Oxy. XVI 1974.5 538 epoikion Cultures: viticulture [P.Oxy. 1974] Note: the settlement is perhaps identical with Ἀλκυόνεωϲ , Ἀλκώνιοϲ and/or Ἀρκύων(οϲ). Ἀλκώνιοϲ - Alkonios http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8876 P.Köln II 102.3 = SB XII 11239 418 epoikion

23

Note: the settlement is perhaps identical with Ἀλκυόνεωϲ , Ἀλκωµε and/or Ἀρκύων(οϲ) ; cf. P.Köln 102.3 n. Ἀµατ ̣ήνηϲ - Amatenes http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8445 P.Oxy. XIX 2243(a).15 590 Occupations: Apionic pronoetes (P–) [P.Oxy. 2243(a)] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2243(a)] Ἄµβικοϲ - Ambikos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9734 SB XXII 15603.19 = P.Corn. 52+53 late III Note: that this is probably a village is suggested by the word’s coupling with the epoikion Ταγχεω (probably in the Lower toparchy; see s.v.) in the same line; see P. J. Sijpesteijn, Tyche 9 (1994) 222 (19 n.). Ἀµβιοῦτοϲ - Ambioutos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8449 P.Iand. III 48.12, [30] 582 epoikion P.Oxy. I 137.11, 28 584 epoikion P.Oxy. VI 999 descr. 616/17 Relative location: in the same Apionic prostasia as Pangouleeiou, Margaritou and Maeiouma [P.Oxy. 999], that is, in the border area of the former Eastern and Western toparchies (see s.v. Παγγουλεείου). Irrigation: mechane (καλουµένη Γῃδίου Ἀνιανοῦ) [P.Oxy. 137] Occupations: Apionic pronoetes (Stephanos) [P.Oxy. 999]; enapographos georgos [P.Iand. 48, P.Oxy. 137] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [all instances]

24

Ἄµηντοϲ See below s.v. Ἀµύντου on P.Oxy. VII 1053.29 Ἀµ ιτᾶ - Amita http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8458 P.Oxy. XIX 2244.76 528/543/558 epoikion Irrigation: mechane (called Τοῦ Κτήµατοϲ) [P.Oxy. 2244] Religion: (Christian) priest [P.Oxy. 2244] Occupations: georgos [P.Oxy. 2244] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2244] Ἀµµωνίου See s.v. Ἰβιὼν Ἀµµωνίου Ἀµουλη - Amoule http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8475 SB I 1945.2 V/VI chorion(?) P.Oxy. VIII 1165.5 (ἐν τῷ Ἀµουλη) VI Form: the form appears to be undeclinable; cf. the personal name Ἀµούληϲ, which also appears in the undeclinable form Ἀµουλη in some documents (e.g. BGU II 408.4 [313], O.Mich. I 462.3 [298]). Animals: camels [P.Oxy. 1165] Occupations: georgoi [P.Oxy. 1165] Other: paraphylake [P.Oxy. 1165] Ἀµύντου - Amyntou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8455 http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9406

25

P.Oxy. LV 3795.11 early IV epoikion P.Wash.Univ. I 46.6 (Ἀµοίντου; BL IX 372) V epoikion6 P.Oxy. VII 1053.29 (Ἀµήντου)7 VI/VII Administrative subdivision: 6th pagus Occupations: pronoetes [P.Wash.Univ. 46] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 1053] Ἄµωκοϲ - Amokos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8891 P.Oxy. XVIII 2195.59, 60, 103 576/7? epoikion Relative location: in the same Apionic prostasia as Tillonos, Nekonthis, Aroures, Kainon, Tancheo, Sypheos, Erotos and Euangeliou [P.Oxy. 2195], which was in the northern part of the nome, not far from Talao (former Lower toparchy); see Mazza, L’archivio degli Apioni 98–9. Cultures: wheat [P.Oxy. 2195] Irrigation: mechane (called Τωφατε) [P.Oxy. 2195] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2195] **Ἀνδρ( ) - Andr( ) http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8502 SB I 1973.3 ? chorion Note: this village was resolved as Ἀνδρ(έου) in the ed. princ., but perhaps it is better to resolve Ἀνδρ(οῦτοϲ) (see below s.v.).

6 See ZPE 170 (2009) 190. 7 The editors read Ἄµηντοϲ, which I correct to Ἀµήντου on the basis of a photograph of the papyrus (the tentative correction Ἀµηρύ̣του in BL VIII 240 does not impose itself and is due to a misreading of the long first stroke of nu, which is comparable to the nu of Τακονα in line 16); for the interchange of eta and upsilon, see Gignac, Grammar I 262–4.

26

Ἀνδροῦτοϲ - Androutos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8510 PSI V 471.1 V/VI Ἀ̣νεϲ ̣ν ̣ηοῦτοϲ - Anesneoutos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8517 PSI I 80.5 VI? Ἀννια[νοῦ] - Annianou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8529 P.Oxy. XIX 2228.44 283 or 285 epoikion Administrative subdivision: Western toparchy (inferred from its proximity to Senao; see below under Relative location) Relative location: π̣[ε]ρὶ κώµην Ϲεναω [P.Oxy. 2228.45] Animals: sheep (probata synmikta) [P.Oxy. 2228]; goats [P.Oxy. 2228]; ox [P.Oxy. 2228]; calf [P.Oxy. 2228] Note: an epoikion of this name also existed in the Heracleopolite nome (SB XXVI 16442.8 [VI/VII], 16443.3 [V]). Ἀνουϲίαϲ - Anousias http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9409 P.Oxy. LVII 3914.5–6 519 epoikion/ktema SB XVIII 13598.10 VI/VII Relative location: the ergodioktes in P.Oxy. 3914 also doubles as that of Neophyton, so that the two localities must have been close to one another; but the location of Neophyton (there may have been several places with this name) within the nome is unknown. Occupations: ergodioktes [P.Oxy. 3914]; estate pronoetes [P.Oxy. 3914]

27

Ἀντᾶ - Anta http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8536 P.Oxy. XVI 1932.8 527–9 or 542–4 P.Oxy. XVI 1911.84, 167 (cf. BL IX 190, XI 154) 557 ktema P.Oxy. LV 3804.156 566 epoikion(?) Relative location: named together with Pekty (Upper toparchy; 1st pagus) in P.Oxy. 1932. The Apionic ergodioktes in P.Oxy. 1911 and 3804 also exercised his function over Trigyou, Tarousebt and Nesos Leukadiou, which must have been close neighbours (cf. P.Oxy. 3804.157–62 n., 221–2 n.). In the same Apionic prostasia as Apelle, Pakiak, Kisson, Trigyou, Loukiou, Tarousebt and Kotyleeiou [P.Oxy. 1911, 3804], which was apparently in the southern part of the nome, not far from Isieion Panga (cf. P.Oxy. LV pp. 96–7). Irrigation: mechane with lakkos said to be ἐπάνω τοῦ προµούλου τοῦ κτήµα(τοϲ) Ἀντᾶ [P.Oxy. 1911.167; on πρόµουλον = ‘approach, outskirts’ see P.Oxy. 3804.221–2 n.] Occupations: ergodioktes [P.Oxy. 1911.84, 3804] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [all instances] Ἀντιλόχου See s.v. Ἰβιὼν Ἀντιλόχου **Ἀντίου - Antiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8544 SB I 1973.13 ? chorion Ἀντιπέληϲ - Antipeles http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8548 P.Princ. III 158.15 VI P.Sijp. 37.10 VII/VIII chorion Occupations: ergates (sent to Babylon) [P.Sijp. 37] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Princ. 158]

28

Note: probably identical with Ἀντιπέρα Πέλα . Ἀντιπέρα Πέλα - Antipera Pela http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8549 P.Oxy. III 495.5 (BL VIII 236) 182–9 P.Erl. 44.4, 5, 7, 17–18, 20–21, 22, 24, 25 II (Ἀντιπέρα solum) P.Col. X 272.11–12 = SB XX 14312 204 P.Oxy. XIV 1659.42 (cf. BL V 79) 218–221 P.Oxy. XXVII 2473.16 229 P.Oxy. LXI 4117.8 240 P.Oxy. XIV 1637.33 (Ἀντιπέρα solum) 256–61 P.Coll.Youtie II 68.8, 20 266 SB XIV 12181.i.18, ii. 20 (Ἀντιπ(έρα) solum) III P.Oxy. LVI 3856.16 III/IV SB IV 7350.30 = P.Berl.Möller 13v (BL VIII 63) III/IV P.Oxy. XLV 3256.7 317/18 P.Oxy. XLV 3258.7 319 P.Oxy. XLV 3259.9 319 P.Oxy. XLV 3260.8 323 kome Uncertain instances: P.Oxy. XXVII 2474.38 n. ([Ἀντιπέρα] Πέλα) III P.Mich. XV 733.1 n. (ἀντι[) 548 Administrative subdivision: Western toparchy Relative location: as its name indicates the village was ‘opposite’ Pela, i.e. across from the Bahr Yusuf and probably on its western bank (cf. P.Oxy. 1637.33 n.; Pruneti, I centri 31; P.Coll.Youtie 68.12 n.; Rowlandson, Landowners and Tenants 12). In P.Col. 272 a person makes a declaration of uninundated land in Antipera Pela to the elders of Pela. ‘The lands of Antipera Pela probably reached the desert edge’ (Rowlandson, op. cit. 12, with reference to the ‘Nothern Desert canal’ mentioned in P.Coll.Youtie 68). Position in official lists of villages: last after Paeimis [P.Oxy. 1659] Categories of land: royal [P.Col. 272]; uninundated (abrochos) [P.Col. 272]; private [implied by P.Oxy. 2473, where land is assessed at both 1 and 2 artabas per aroura] Cultures: wheat [P.Oxy. 2473, 2474(?), 4117]; flax [P.Oxy. 3256, 3260, P.Coll.Youtie 68]

29

Associated kleroi: of Paidinos [P.Col. 272]; of Dionysios Soleus and another of Diokles [P.Coll.Youtie 68]; of Rhodon and Agasikrates [P.Oxy. 2473]; of Sisines and Abdieus [P.Oxy. 2474]; of Nikobios [P.Oxy. 3256] Irrigation: ‘Nothern Desert’ (oreinos boreinos) canal [P.Coll.Youtie 68]; reservoir (limne) close to a cistern (lakkos) ‘of Diogenis’ and within(?) the pool (charybdis) ‘of Pasinikos’ [P.Coll.Youtie 68] Noteworthy landowners: Aurelia Herakleidiaina, matrona stolata and daughter of Herakleides, bouleutes of Alexandria [P.Coll.Youtie 68]; Theon, gymnasiarchos and bouleutes [P.Oxy. 2473]; Aurelios Ptollion and Aurelios Apion alias Ammonios, kosmetai [P.Oxy. 2473]; Aurelios Heron alias Sarapion, former gymnasiarchos and prytanis [P.Oxy. 3256]; Aurelios Theon alias Zoilion [P.Oxy. 4117] Taxes and other imposts: crown-tax [P.Oxy. 1659] Other: in P.Oxy. 3856 the village is the source for ‘the usual fuel’ (ϲυνηθῶν καυµάτων) for baths (chaff, straw, wood?). Note: cf. also above s.v. Ἀντιπέληϲ , and P.Oslo II 26.8–9 (5/4 BCE) (ἀντιπέρα Πέλληϲ) below s.v. Πέλα . Ἀπελλῆ - Apelle http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8584 P.Oxy. XVI 2036.27 (Ἀ̣π̣ηλῆ) late V epoikion P.Oxy. XIX 2244.20 (Ἀπ̣[ε]λ(λῆ)) 528/543/558 epoikion P.Oxy. XVI 2032.81, 82 540/41 P.Oxy. XVI 1911.14, 23 (= SB XXIV 16324.21), 557 epoikion/ktema 45, 72, 79, 82, 88, 89, 170, 173,

211 (frequently Ἀπελῆ) P.Oxy. LV 3804.84, 91, 116, 145, 152, 155, 566 epoikion/ktema 160–61, 225, 264 (Ἀπελῆ) P.Oxy. XVI 1892.11, 46 (Ἀ̣π̣ελ) 581 ktema P.Oxy. XVIII 2207.4 (Ἀπελῆ) VI P.Oxy. XVI 2035.31 (Ἀπελῆ) late VI P.Wash.Univ. II 84.12 (Ἀπιλλα̣) late VI PSI III 179.15 601 or 602 epoikion Relative location: in the same Apionic prostasia as Pakiak, Kisson, Trigyou, Loukiou, Tarousebt and Kotyleeiou [P.Oxy. 1911, 3804], which was apparently in the southern part of the nome, not far from Isieion Panga (see P.Oxy. LV pp. 96–7). Apelle shares an ergodioktes with Kisson in P.Oxy. 3804.155, implying that they were particularly close neighbours within the prostasia. In P.Oxy. 1911.89 and 3804.161 there is mention of land encroached by sand (psammochostos), suggesting that the village was close to the desert edge. For other connections with Isieon Panga, cf. P.Oxy. 2032.80–

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83. The village is perhaps related to the τόποϲ λεγόµενοϲ Ἀπελλοῦ (near Nesla–itself near Isieion Panga–in the Upper toparchy) in SB XX 14464.9 (II); cf. also P.Oxy. XIV 1745 i (early III) with BL VIII 249. Cultures: viticulture [P.Oxy. 3804.34] Irrigation: limne [P.Oxy. 1911.89]; mechane [P.Oxy. 1911.169 (καλουµένη Βαϲιλική), 173 (καλουµένη τοῦ Κτήµατοϲ), P.Oxy. 1892.30 (καλουµένη Κυλλῆ̣ϲ̣ διω̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ϲι̣), P.Oxy. 2244 (καλουµένη ̣γηνηϲ), PSI 179]; lakkos [P.Oxy. 1892.31–2, 2035] Topographical features: oil-factory (geouchikon elaiourgeion) with stone-mill [P.Oxy. 3804.264]; dovecote [P.Oxy. 3804.31] Animals: animal (zoon) bought from Apelle for use in the badistikon stablon [P.Oxy. 3804.225] Religion: church [P.Oxy. 1911.72, 3804.145]; (Christian) priest [P.Oxy. 1892, 3804.29, PSI 179] Occupations: brickmakers [P.Oxy. 1911.79, 3804.152]; Apionic ergodioktes [P.Oxy. 1911.82, 3804.155]; Apionic pronoetes (Theodoros) [P.Oxy. 3804.225]; oil-worker (elaiourgos) [P.Oxy. 3804.265]; georgoi [P.Oxy. 2244, 3804.31, 34]; ampelourgoi [P.Oxy. 3804.34] Noteworthy landowners: most attestations relate to the Apion estate [certainly P.Oxy. 1911, 2032, 2207, 2244, 3804, PSI 179] Taxes and other imposts: poll-tax (synteleia kephales) [P.Oxy. 3804.30] **Ἀπι ̣απ - Api.ap http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9287 P.Col. X 289.10 (ἐ[πὶ τοῦ] χώµατοϲ ἐκ βορρᾶ 331 Ἀπι ̣απ) Irrigaiton: dike (choma) [P.Col. 289; cf. R. Müller-Wollermann, ZPE 96 (1993) 123–4, for a possible localisation] Ἀπίωνοϲ - Apionos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8596

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P.Oxy. II 287.6 23 komai [sic] Administrative subdivision: Western toparchy Ἀπολλωνιάδοϲ - Apolloniados http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9946 P.Oxy. XVI 2027.82 VI *Ἀπόλλωνοϲ - Apollonos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8616 P.Theon. 27.5 161 P.Harr. I 78.38 453 epoikion SB I 1945.3 V/VI chorion(?) P.Oxy. VI 893.2 VI/VII kome P.Oxy. LVIII 3960.14 621 P.Oxy. XVI 1867.2 VII kome (BL II 103) Cultures: viticulture [P.Oxy. 3960] Irrigation: ‘dikes (chomata) of Basilios and Libanos’ [P.Harr. 78] Officials: epimeletes [P.Harr. 78]; meizon [P.Oxy. 893] Occupations: linen-seller (othoniopoles) [P.Theon. 27] Noteworthy landowners: it is not clear from P.Theon. 27 whether the Ioulioi Theones had interests in this village. The Apion estate purchases wine from inhabitants of this village [P.Oxy. 3960]. Taxes and other imposts: tax for maintenance of dikes [P.Harr. 78] Note: this village is probably to be identified with the well-attested Cynopolite village of the same name, on which see Litinas, APF 40 (1994) 157–8.

8 Nikolaos Gonis has kindly communiated to me the following correction to lines 4–5 from one of his unpublished notes: χωµάτων βαϲιλικ(ῶν) | καὶ λιβάνου → χωµάτων Βαϲιλ̣[ί]ο̣υ̣ | καὶ Λιβάνου (for Λιβάνου see already BL II 79); cf. below s.v. for a place called Βαϲιλ( ) in the Upper toparchy.

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**Ἀπορικόν - Aporikon http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8623 P.Erl. 101.31, 43 (ἐν τῷ Ἀπορικῷ) 269 *Ἄρεωϲ - Areos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8648 P.Oxy. XVI 1913.36 c. 555? kome P.Oxy. XVI 1911.178 557 kome P.Oxy. LV 3804.244, 248 566 kome P.Oxy. XVIII 2195.132 576/7? kome Uncertain instance: SB VI 9270.2, 19 ([Ἄ]ρε̣[ωϲ], [Ἄρεω]ϲ) 337 kome Relative location: see Note below. Cultures: fodder cultivation (all P.Oxy. documents record the purchase of hayseed from the village by pronoetai of the Apion estate). Noteworthy landowners: all P.Oxy. instances belong to the Apion archive, but there is no indication that the estate had interests in this village. Note: Drew-Bear, Le nome Hermopolite 70, believes that this village is equivalent to its homonymous counterpart in the Hermopolite nome. Cf. P.Oxy. 3804.244 n.: ‘It might well have been convenient to go southwards for the purchase of seed, since the portion of the Apion estates here concerned lay in the south of the Oxyrhynchite nome’ (cf. also 246 n.). Ἀριϲτοµάχου See s.v. Ποϲοµπόϋϲ (Ἀριϲτοµάχου) Ἀρκιϲοῦ - Arkisou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8950 P.Oxy. XVIII 2197.62 VI Relative location: mentioned alongside Pateo and Trene [P.Oxy. 2197].

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Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2197] Ἀρκύων (οϲ) - Arkyonos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8667 PSI I 80.13 VI? Occupations: georgos [PSI 80] Note: the settlement is perhaps identical with Ἀλκυόνεωϲ , Ἀλκώνιοϲ and/or Ἀλκωµε . Ἀρούρηϲ - Aroures http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8673 P.Oxy. XVIII 2195.39, 88, 94 576/7? epoikion P.Oxy. XVI 2025.7 VI/VII epoikion Relative location: in the same Apionic prostasia as Tillonos, Nekonthis, Kainon, Tancheo, Sypheos, Amokos, Erotos and Euangeliou [P.Oxy. 2195], which was in the northern part of the nome, not far from Talao (former Lower toparchy); see Mazza, L’archivio degli Apioni 98–9. Cultures: wheat [P.Oxy. 2195] Religion: church [P.Oxy. 2195.88]; donation to the church for the feast day of St. Gabriel [P.Oxy. 2195.88] Occupations: georgoi [P.Oxy. 2195.42, 43]; brickmakers (plintheutai) [P.Oxy. 2195.94] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2025, 2195] Ἁρποκρᾶ - Harpokra http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8674 SB XIV 12130.3, 9, 15 V/VI P.Oxy. XVI 1911.181, 185 (cf. BL XI 155), 187 557 P.Oxy. LVIII 3936.25 (BL X 156) 598

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SB XXII 15487.23 598 Religion: contributions for unnamed festivals (heortika; for Epiphany and Easter?) [SB 12130] Occupations: potters [P.Oxy. 1911]; estate pronoetes [P.Oxy. 3936 with BL X 156 (Pamouthios), SB 15487 (Pamouthios)] Noteworthy landowners: P.Oxy. 1911 belongs to the Apion archive, but there is no indication that the estate had interests in this village. Fl. Strategios paneuphemos [P.Oxy. 3936, SB 15487] **Ἁρπόχεωϲ - Harpocheos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8676 SB I 1973.2 ? Ἀρταπάτου - Artapatou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8687 P.Turner 24.7 148–54 epoikion SB XIV 11292.1 II P.Oxy. XIV 1637.28, 29 256–61 SB XXVI 16570.62 = P.Oxy. XXIV 2422 290 P.Corn. 36.7 (BL VIII 91) III P.Giss. I 101.11 (Ἀρταπ̣[άτου) III P.Oxy. X 1285.[17], 110 III Manchester Museum inv. 10893.2 (see JJP 35 III (2005) 94) P.Oxy. LXXV 5062.5 late III epoikion P.Laur. III 70.7, 14 367 P.Harr. I 100.2 V epoikion SB I 1945.4 V/VI chorion(?) Administrative subdivision: Middle toparchy Arabic/modern counterpart: Burtubat al-Gabal (Gomaà et al., Mittelägypten 99). Relative location: near Tholthis of the Middle toparchy (P.Oxy. 1637.28: π(ερὶ) Θῶλθιν Ἀρταπ[άτου). Mentioned with Philiska [P.Harr. 100].

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Position in official lists of villages: between Sento and Plelo [P.Oxy. 1285]; last after Herakleion [P.Corn. 36]; between Petenoureos and Senopotheos [SB 16570]; between Plelo and Psobthis [Manchester Museum inv. 10893] Cultures: viticulture [P.Oxy. 1637]; reeds [P.Oxy. 1637]; wheat [P.Oxy. 1637] Categories of land: catoecic [P.Turner 24]; confiscated [P.Turner 24] Associated kleroi: of Simias [P.Turner 24] Topographical features: farmsteads (epoikia) [P.Oxy. 1637] Animals: calf [SB 16570] Occupations: phrontistes [P.Giss. 101]; pronoetes [P.Laur. 70] Noteworthy landowners: Aurelia Herakleidiaina, matrona stolata, daughter of Herakleides, bouleutes of Alexandria [P.Oxy. 1637] Taxes and other imposts: requisition for meat [SB 16570] Ἀρτοκόπιον - Artokopion http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8692 P.Iand. III 51.18 VI P.Oxy. XVIII 2207.8 VI Etymology: presumably named after a bakery. Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [both instances] Ἀρχιβίου - Archibiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8704 P.Oxy. XLIX 3489.30–31 72/3 epoikion P.Oxy. X 1285.64 III SB XIV 12130.6, [19] V/VI Delendum: P.Oslo III 114.5 (I/II); see P. J. Sijpesteijn, ZPE 68 (1987) 140–41. Administrative subdivision: Upper toparchy

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Relative location: a lessee of land in Thmoithothis (Upper toparchy) is required to pay rent at the threshing floor of Archibiou, suggesting that the two localities were near one another (the lessee is from Peretnouis in the neighbouring Cynopolite nome) [P.Oxy. 3489]. Position in official lists of villages: between Senyris and Sinkepha [P.Oxy. 1285] Topographical features: threshing floor [P.Oxy. 3489] Religion: contributions for unnamed festivals (heortika; for Epiphany and Easter?) [SB 12130] **Ἄϲκλου - Asklou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8728 P.Oxy. VI 922 .1 VI/VII Animals: horses [P.Oxy. 922] **Ἀϲκουβ ̣[ - Askoub.[ http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8729 SB I 1989(h) ? chorion Ἀϲπιδᾶ - Aspida http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8731 P.Oxy. XVI 1832.2 V/VI P.Oxy. XIX 2244.15 528/543/558 P.Oxy. XVIII 2204.5 550/51 or 565/6 P.Oxy. LXIX 4755.10 586 epoikion P.Iand. III 51.4 VI P.Oxy. XVI 2029.2 VI P.Oxy. XVIII 2207.12 VI Relative location: in the Apionic prostasia of Kyamon, Phna, Perouen and Spania (former Lower toparchy) [P.Oxy. 2204]

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Irrigation: mechane [P.Oxy. 2029 (called Ϲιροῦ̣τ̣ο̣ϲ)̣, 2244 (called Τῶν Χωρίων Ϲαλιοῦτοϲ), 4755] Animals: camels [P.Oxy. 2029] Religion: church [P.Oxy. 1832 (mentioning its stolen holy treasures, ἅγια κειµήλια)] Occupations: Apionic pronoetes [P.Oxy. 2029 (Apollos), 2207 (Paulos)]; phrontistes [P.Oxy. 2029]; georgoi [P.Oxy. 2244, 4755 (enapographoi)] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2029, 2204, 2207, 2244, P.Iand. 51]; Fl. Ioannes, vir gloriosissimus, son and heir of Euphemia [P.Oxy. 4755] Ἀϲϲύα See Falivene, The Herakleopolite Nome 54–5 s.v. http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3036 Ἀτ̣η ̣ρίο ̣υ ̣ - Ateriou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8749 P.Oxy. X 1322 descr. 413 epoikion Cultures: viticulture [P.Oxy. 1322] Religion: priest (presbyteros) [P.Oxy. 1322] Officials: boethos [P.Oxy. 1322] Occupations: ampelourgos [P.Oxy. 1322] Ἄϋγχιϲ - Aynchis http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8765 P.Hib. II 248 fr.ii.12 c. 250 BCE Position in official lists of villages: between Mermertha and Nesmimis (and therefore perhaps in the Upper toparchy; see Pruneti, I centri s.v.) [P.Hib. 248] Cultures: olive oil [P.Hib. II 248]

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***Ἀχάη - Achae http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=11676 P.Harr. I 88.21 (provenance unknown) V P.Oxy. XVI 1978.3 (BL XI 157) VI ***Α̣χ ̣α ̣ν - Achan http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8796 BGU VI 1241.6 late III BCE kome Ἀχιλᾶ - Achila http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9771 P.Oxy. LV 3795.24 early IV epoikion Administrative subdivision: 4th pagus Editor’s note: ‘presumably the phonetic equivalent of the genitive of Ἀχιλλᾶϲ, cf. F. T. Gignac, Grammar ii 16–18’.

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Β Βαειούµου - Baeioumou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3729 P.Oxy. XVIII 2197.218 VI ktema Irrigation: lakkos [P.Oxy. 2197]; mechane (καλουµένη Ταλ[ε]ι̣) [P.Oxy. 2197] Occupations: gardener (kepouros) [P.Oxy. 2197] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2197] Βακι ̣- Baki. http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3746 PSI VIII 953.13 567/8 Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [PSI 953] Βάνου See s.v. Νεόφυτον Βάνου Βαϲιλ( ) - Basil( ) http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3767 P.Oxy. XIV 1659.27 218–21 Administrative subdivision: Upper toparchy Position in official lists of villages: between Sinkepha and Nesmimis [P.Oxy. 1659] Taxes and other imposts: crown-tax [P.Oxy. 1659]

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**Β̣α ̣ϲ ̣ ϲ ̣ ιάδοϲ - Bassiados http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8983 P.Oxy. XLII 3087.6 (τῆϲ καλαµείαϲ τῆϲ III/IV Β̣α̣ϲ̣ϲ̣ιάδοϲ) Βαφέων - Bapheon http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3784 P.Oxy. VII 1052.10 (Βα̣φ̣έ̣[ω]ν)̣, 12 (Βαφ(έων)) after 362 Administrative subdivision: ‘È probabile una localizzazione di questo centro nella λιβόϲ o nella µέϲη τοπαρχία, poiché gli altri villaggi che compaiono nel papiro appartengono all’una o all’altra toparchia’ (Pruneti, I centri s.v. n. 1.). Other: wool [P.Oxy. 1052] Note: cf. also P.Mert. I 27.3 n. Βελεϲίου - Belesiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3791 SB XXIV 16312.14 549? epoikion P.Harr. I 163.3 (BL XI 92) VI epoikion P.Stras. VIII 800.1, verso VI Cultures: viticulture [SB 16312] Irrigation: mechane (called τοῦ Λάκκου) [SB 16312] Occupations: estate pronoetes9 [P.Stras. 800] Noteworthy landowners: domus divina (Justinian II) [SB 16312]

9 For the resolution προ(νοητῇ) in P.Stras. VIII 800 verso, see G. Azzarello, N. Gonis, ZPE (forthcoming).

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*Βερκυ - Berky http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3797 N.B.: Only the attestations of the sixth and seventh centuries are listed, when the village appears to have belonged to the territory of Oxyrhynchus; prior to the fifth century it belonged to the Hermopolite nome (see the literature in Verreth, A Survey of Toponyms 101 s.v., to which add Mitthof, APF 49 (2003) 208–9).10 In the eighth century it belonged to the Theodosiopolite nome; see the new edition and discussion of P.Bal. 355 by N. Gonis, ZPE 142 (2003) 176–9. P.Oxy. XVI 2032.49 540/41 P.Oxy. XVI 1913.58 c. 555? PSI VII 786.10. 27 581 kome P.Oxy. XIV 1720.2 VI kome P.Oxy. XVI 2025.23 VI/VII kome Relative location: named together with Tapeklam in P.Oxy. 2025. P.Oxy. 3598.2 n.: ‘On the border of the Hermopolite and Oxyrhynchite nomes, on the West bank of the Nile’. In the same Apionic prostasia as Chysis (Upper toparchy) [P.Oxy. 2032]. Arabic/modern counterpart: Kom al-Rahib (Gomaà et al., Mittelägypten 97); less plausibly al-Burgaya (cf. APF 49 (2003) 208 n. 4). Religion: monks [P.Oxy. 1913, PSI 786]; monastery (oros) [PSI 786] Occupations: Apionic pronoetes (Abraamios; προνοητὴϲ τῶν ἐν Βερκυ καὶ Χύϲεωϲ) [P.Oxy. 2032] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 1913, 2025, 2032] *Βηϲίου - Besiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3810 P.Bad. IV 97.20 VII/VIII chorion Occupations: georgoi Note: the Oxyrhynchite provenance of the document is uncertain (cf. line 30 with BL IX 14).

10 Mitthof claims that the village shifted twice between the Hermopolite and the Oxyrhynchite in the course of the fourth century, on the basis of P.Oxy. L 3598 (early IV) and XLVIII 3400 (c. 359–65); but these documents, though found at Oxyrhynchus, do not explicitly attribute Berky to the territory of this city.

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Βουϲεραπάµµωνοϲ See s.v. Θοῦϲ Βουϲεραπάµµωνοϲ Βτω - Bto http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=8997 P.Oxy. XLVIII 3429.7 IV Note ad loc.: ‘Metathesis for Τβώ?’ (see below s.v.).

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Γ **Γαιανοῦ - Gaianou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3918 P.Oxy. VIII 1141.6 III chorion Form: the editor notes ad loc. that ‘Γαϊανοῦ may be the genitive of the name Γαϊανόϲ or an adjective from Γάιοϲ like Ἀντωνιανόϲ, etc.’. Relative location: in P.Oxy. 1141 the phrontistes of Seryphis (Western toparchy; 3rd pagus) is ordered to issue wine for work on this chorion. Rather than a settlement it was probably a vineyard in the area Seryphis. Cf. also Pruneti, I centri s.v. Γαροῦϲ - Garous http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=11677 P.Sijp. 37.13 VII/VIII chorion Occupations: ergates (sent to Babylon) [P.Sijp. 37] Γεµη See s.v. Ιεµη Γεροντᾶ ̣ - Geronta http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3945 P.Oxy. XII 1448.10 after 324 epoikion Administrative subdivision: probably 8th pagus (see P.Oxy. 1448 introd.) Position in official lists of villages: between Dositheou and Petrok( ) [P.Oxy. 1448] Taxes and other imposts: vestis militaris [P.Oxy. 1448]

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**Γεροντί (ου) - Gerontiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3946 SB I 1945.5 V/VI chorion(?) Note: cf. the edaphos Γεροντίου in P.Oxy. LXVIII 4687.9 (441), said to be in the area of Mermertha (former Upper toparchy). Cf. also the place-name Γεροντι( ) in P.Lond. V 1763.9 (VII/VIII), but the provenance of the papyrus is unknown. Γναφέων See s.v. Κναφέων Γραεῖδοϲ - Graeidos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3963 P.Oxy. XVI 1912.89, 123 (BL VIII 251), 138, 143, before 566 epoikion 153 Relative location: in an Apionic prostasia comprising Papsau, Theou, Chenetorios, Samakionos and Petne [P.Oxy. 1912] Cultures: viticulture (neophyta choria) [P.Oxy. 1912.152] Topographical features: mill [P.Oxy. 1912.95] Religion: deacon [P.Oxy. 1912.90] Occupations: georgoi [P.Oxy. 1912.94]; brickmakers (plintheutai) [P.Oxy. 1912.122] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 1912.96] Γυµναϲίων - Gymnasion http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=11678 P.Sijp. 37.4 VII/VIII chorion Occupations: ergates (sent to Babylon) [P.Sijp. 37]

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Δ Δαρείου - Dareiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3990 P.Erl. 37.8 VI? epoikion Occupations: phrontistes who is also an enapographos georgos [P.Erl. 37] Noteworthy landowners: Flavia Anastasia, femina gloriosissima [P.Erl. 37 (see BL X 66)] Δάφνου - Daphnou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3996 P.Oxy. XVI 2042.8 V Cultures: viticulture [P.Oxy. 2042] *Δάχµων - Dachmon http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3999 P.Oxy. XII 1517.18 272 or 278 Δείλου - Deilou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4003 SB XII 10942.24 4 BCE epoikion Topographical features: threshing floors [SB 10942] Note: it is unclear whether the terms of this elaborate land lease relate to land in the vicinity of this epoikion. If so, one should include wheat, barley, arakos and chortos among the cultures of the area, a pair of bulls among its animals, and an apparently dried-up canal (dioryx) among its irrigation apparatus.

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Διδοιµεράτοϲ - Didoimeratos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4038 P.Oxy. XVIII 2195.107 576/7? Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2195] Διο ̣[ - Dio.[ http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9963 SB XIV 11265.3 before 240/41 (BL XI 213) Officials: sitologos [SB 11265] Note: in the edition the toponym has been read as Διὸϲ̣ [χωρίου; but Pruneti, I centri 42, notes: ‘dalla riproduzione fotografica [Aeg. 54 (1974) Tav. II], sembra che le tracce dopo l’omicron si adattino meglio a una lettura Διον̣[’. Διογένουϲ - Diogenous http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9443 P.Oxy. LV 3787.65 c. 313–20? epoikion Administrative subdivision: Middle toparchy(?) (deduced from its proximity to Taampeti; see below under Relative location) Relative location: ‘The place was presumably a small one in the vicinity of Tampetei’ (n. ad loc.). Taxes and other imposts: epikephalaion poleos [P.Oxy. 3787] Διονυϲιάδοϲ - Dionysiados http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=565 PSI VIII 948.2, 11, 13 345/6 ktema Uncertain instance:

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P.Oxy. LXVIII 4696.8 n. 484 epoikion Cultures: viticulture [PSI 948] Note: for the Oxyrhynchite provenance of PSI 948 see Pruneti, I centri s.v. n. 1 **Διονυϲίου - Dionysiou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9793 SB XIV 11908.7 (cf. ZPE 151 (2005) 141–3) c. 260 ktema P.Oxy. XVII 2153.3 III chorion Cultures: viticulture [P.Oxy. 2153, SB 11908] Animals: oxen [P.Oxy. 2153] Occupations: ampelourgos [SB 11908]; builder (oikodomos) [P.Oxy. 2153]; carpenter (tekton) [P.Oxy. 2153] Note: this was probably the name of a vineyard rather than a settlement. Διόϲ - Dios http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4093 SB XVI 13035.12, 26 341 epoikion P.Oxy. XIV 1735.6 IV chorion P.Wash.Univ. II 102.9 V/VI epoikion Uncertain instance: see above, s.v. Διο ̣[ Relative location: in SB 13035 two men from Dios farm land in the field of Kosmou, suggesting perhaps that Dios was also in the territory of the former Lower toparchy (cf. Pruneti, I centri s.v. n. 1). Cultures: viticulture [P.Oxy. 1735] Occupations: ampelourgoi [P.Oxy. 1735]; ergatai [P.Wash.Univ. 102]; georgoi [SB 13035] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Wash.Univ. 102]

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Διοϲκουρεῖον - Dioskoureion http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4083 SB XIV 11908.12 (cf. ZPE 151 (2005) 141–3) c. 260 P.Oxy. XIX 2241.11 283/4 ktema SB III 6612.4 365 epoikion Uncertain instance: P.Oxy. LXVIII 4696.8 n. 484 epoikion Etymology: presumably named after a shrine of the Dioscuri. Administrative subdivision: Upper toparchy; 2nd pagus Relative location: in the vicinity of Sinkepha and near the Bahr Yusuf [P.Oxy. 2241.10, 34, 53, SB 6612]. Cultures: wheat [P.Oxy. 2241]; chortos [P.Oxy. 2241]; lachanon [P.Oxy. 2241]; viticulture [SB 11908] Associated kleroi: of Herakleodoros [P.Oxy. 2241]; of Isokrates [P.Oxy. 2241]; of Polydeukes [P.Oxy. 2241] Irrigation: dike (choma) [P.Oxy. 2241.32] Religion: see above under Etymology. Occupations: irrigator (hydroparochos) [P.Oxy. 2241 (restored)]; cultivator (aroter) [P.Oxy. 2241]; mechanarios [P.Oxy. 2241]; surveyor (geometres) of an ousia [P.Oxy. 2241.6]; ampelourgos [SB 11908] *Δίωνοϲ - Dionos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=3438 P.Oxy. XLI 2981.4 II Editor’s note ad loc.: ‘Apparently ... a place on the way from Pacerce to Alexandria’.

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Δωϲιθέου - Dositheou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=2852 P.Oxy. XLVII 3333.13 92 epoikion P.Bad. IV 74.14, 16 138 epoikion P.Iand. VI 108.6 descr. c. 200 SB XXII 15738.2, 4 201/2 epoikion P.Oxy. XLII 3048.16 246 SB V 7814.8 256 epoikion P.Oxy. XII 1413.16 272 SB XXVI 16570.93 = P.Oxy. XXIV 2422 290 P.Oxy. X 1285.[46], 139 III P.Oxy. LXI 4118.2 III (after 245) P.Oxy. XIV 1747.52 III/IV P.Oxy. XLVI 3307.9, 13, 14 early IV kome P.Oxy. LV 3795.28 early IV P.Col. X 284.3 = SB XXII 15769 311 P.Oxy. LV 3787.1 c. 313–20? P.Oxy. XVII 2124.6 316 kome P.Oxy. XII 1424.6 316–18 kome P.Oxy. LV 3790.8 317/18 P.Oxy. XII 1425.6 318 kome P.Oxy. LIV 3746.25 319 kome P.Oxy. XII 1448.5, 8 after 324 SB XVI 13035.43, 56, 59 341 kome SB XIV 12130.4, 10, 16 V/VI kome P.Oxy. XVIII 2195.19, 78, 127 576/7? kome P.Oxy. XVI 2027.3 VI kome Administrative subdivision: Lower toparchy; 8th pagus Relative location: probably near the western desert (P.Oxy. 3333 introd.). Near the epoikion Petrok– [P.Col. 284, P.Oxy. 3307]. Near Krariou [P.Oxy. 3307.15 with BL VIII 269], Skytalitidos [P.Oxy. 3307.17, 18], Sarapa [P.Oxy. 3307.20] and Teersais(?) [P.Oxy. 3787.3 with n. ad loc.]. Position in official lists of villages: between Isieion Tryphonos and Souis [P.Oxy. 1285]; between Takona and Kosmou [P.Oxy. 1747]; last after Souis [P.Oxy. 3307]; between Sinary and Takona [SB 16570] Cultures: achyron [P.Bad. 74]; wheat [P.Oxy. 3048]; barley [SB 13035]; chortos [SB 13035] Associated kleroi: of Attinos [SB 13035]; of Onesimos [SB 13035] Topographical features: dovecote (peristereon) [SB 7814] Animals: calf [SB 16570]; pig [SB 16570]

50

Religion: contributions for unnamed festivals (heortika; for Epiphany and Easter?) [SB 12130] Officials: village elder (presbyteros) [P.Bad. 74]; archephodos [P.Iand. 108]; tax-collector (of military clothing: πρὸϲ ἀπαίτηϲιν ϲτιχαρίων καὶ παλλίων) [P.Oxy. 1424]; tesserarius [P.Oxy. 1425]; collectors of corn-dues (apaitetai sitou) [P.Oxy. 2124]; desert guard (eremophylax) [P.Oxy. 3333]; komarchai [P.Oxy. 4118] Occupations: donkey-driver [P.Oxy. 1425]; pragmateutes [P.Oxy. 3048]; phrontistes [P.Oxy. 3048]; georgoi [P.Oxy. 3048, SB 13035]; paidaria [P.Oxy. 3048] Taxes and other imposts: vestis militaris [P.Oxy. 1424, 1448]; epikephalaion poleos [P.Oxy. 3787]; requisition of meat [P.Oxy. 3790, SB 16570] Noteworthy landowners: Leonides, bouleutes [P.Oxy. 1413]; Kalpournia Herakleia alias Eudamia [P.Oxy. 3048]; Imperial treasury (hierotaton tameion) [P.Oxy. 3307]; Aurelios Theon son of Theon, Antinoite citizen and kosmetes and bouleutes of Oxyrhynchus [SB 7814]; Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2195] Other: slave [SB 15738.19]. According to P.Bad. 74 Dositheou had to deliver hay (achyron) to support the construction of the theatre in Antinoopolis. In P.Oxy. 4118 the komarchai of Dositheou harbour a fugitive liturgist from Psobthis (presumably that of the Lower toparchy/9th pagus).

51

Ε Ε ̣ ̣[ - E..[ http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9965 P.Oslo III 101.8 163/4 Categories of land: uninundated (abrochos) land [P.Oslo 101] Ε̣ ̣ ̣ ̣[ - E...[ http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=11693 P.Oxy. LVII 3911.5 199 Ε ̣ ̣ ̣[ - E...[ http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9967 P.Oxy. VII 1053.30 (BL VIII 240) VI/VII Occupations: potamitai [P.Oxy. 1053 with BL VIII 240] Ε ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣[ - E.....[ http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9966 SB XIV 12130.36 V/VI Religion: contributions for unnamed festivals (heortika; for Epiphany and Easter?) [SB 12130] Ε ̣ ̣ ̣ ηπ ̣ουχία - E...epouchia http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9968

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P.Harr. I 137.18 II Cultures: viticulture [P.Harr. 137] Ε ̣άτηϲ - E.ates http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=11679 P.Oxy. LXXIII 4964.5 IV epoikion Occupations: ergates (requisitioned for work in Alexandria) [P.Oxy. 4964] Note: the second letter of this toponym is uncertain; possibilities put forward by the editor ad loc. include Ἑκ̣άτηϲ (‘an implausible place name’) and Ἐν̣άτηϲ (‘nu is difficult’). Ειεµη See s.v. Ιεµη Εἰόνθει See s.v. Ἴωνθιϲ **Ειρ( ) - Eir( ) http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4147 SB I 1989 (f) ? chorion Εἰρηναρχεῖον , Μέγα - Eirenarcheion, Mega http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4149 P.Oxy. I 141.4–5 (Μ. Ε.) 503 P.Oxy. XVI 2012.2 (Μ. Ε.) 590 P.Oxy. XVI 1979.9 (Μ. Ε.) (see JJP 32 (2002) 30) 614 epoikion (15), ktema (17) P.Sijp. 37.7 (Ε. Μ.) VII/VIII chorion Etymology: ‘The name of the settlement seems to suggest the presence of a police station in the area’ (N. Gonis, JJP 32 (2002) 30 [9 n.]).

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Relative location: in P.Oxy. 141 the settlement occurs among two villages of the former Thmoisepho toparchy (Kesmouchis, Sepho), suggesting that it lay in the same area. Named with Aktouariou in P.Oxy. 2012. Occupations: field-guards (agrophylakes) [P.Oxy. 141]; guard (phylax) [P.Oxy. 1979]; enapographos georgos [P.Oxy. 1979]; ergates (sent to Babylon) [P.Sijp. 37] Noteworthy landowners: comes Ioannes [P.Oxy. 141]; Apion estate [P.Oxy. 1979, 2012]. *Εἰρήνηϲ - Eirenes http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4150 P.Wash.Univ. II 102.6 V/VI epoikion Occupations: ergates [P.Wash.Univ. 102] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Wash.Univ. 102] Note: perhaps identical with the epoikion of the same name attested in SB III 6612.11 (365), where it is described as part of the territory of the Hermopolite village Berky (and therefore near the border with the Upper toparchy of the Oxyrhynchite nome), and P.Oxy. LVIII 3955.6 (611), where the editor restores ἀπὸ ἐποικίου Εἰρήνηϲ | [τοῦ µεγάλου Ἑρµοπολίτου νοµοῦ κτλ. *Ε̣ ι ̣ω ̣[ - Eio.[ http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4153 P.Giss. I 30.10 140–61 kome Note: the Oxyrhynchite provenance of this document is uncertain. Cf. also below, s.v. Ἴωνθιϲ . Ἑκκαίδεκα Ἀρουρῶν - Hekkaideka Arouron http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4155 P.Oxy. XIX 2244.48 528/543/558 epoikion P.Oxy. XVI 2025.24 (BL VIII 256) VI/VII epoikion

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Irrigation: mechane (called Ταναει) [P.Oxy. 2244] Occupations: georgos [P.Oxy. 2244] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 2025, 2244] Note: given both hamlets’ connection with the Apion estate, Ἑκκαίδεκα Ἀρουρῶν may be identical to Ἑκκαιδέκατον (see below s.v.). Ἑκκαιδέκατον - Hekkaidekaton http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4157 P.Lond. III 775.10 p. 279 (Εκαιδεκατ̣ου) 567 epoikion Uncertain instance: SB XX 14642.6 = P.Wash.Univ. I 32 III/IV (cf. P. Pruneti, Aeg. 61 (1981) 120) Irrigation: mechane [P.Lond. 775] Occupations: enapographos georgos [P.Lond. 775] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Lond. 775] Note: given both hamlets’ connection with the Apion estate, Ἑκκαιδέκατον may be identical to Ἑκκαίδεκα Ἀρουρῶν (see above s.v.). Ελεηλ - Eleel http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4173 P.Oxy. XVI 2027.70 VI Occupations: estate pronoetes [P.Oxy. 2027 (anonymous)] Estates: Apion estate(?) [P.Oxy. 2027] Ἑλικῶνοϲ - Helikonos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4177

55

SB XIV 11960.122 II (2nd half) P.Oxy. XLII 3087.5 III/IV PSI VIII 948.7 (cf. BL VII 238) 345/6 ktema Cultures: viticulture [PSI 948] Ἔντειιϲ - Enteiis http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=2512 P.Princ. II 42.5, 9 (BL IX 218), 20, 31, 33 92/3 P.Oxy. III 616.3, 14 (see ZPE 160 (2007) 184) c. 162 P.Oxy. LXVII 4589.37, 42–3 171–3 topoi P.Oxy. VIII 1112.23 (see ZPE 170 (2009) 189) 188 P.Oxy. XLI 2968.16 190 SB XII 11228.6, 11–12, 24 204 P.Oxy. LXXII 4890.5, 6, 7, 9 211 topoi P.Oxy. XIV 1659.15, 123 218–21 P.Daris inv. 226.4, 12, 14 (see SEP 1 (2004) 59) 225/6 P.Oxy. X 1285.68 (BL I 334) III P.Oxy. XLIV 3170.[18], 41, 69, 135, introd. III (Ἐντίεωϲ) P.Oxy. LXIII 4356.10 III PSI VIII 945.21 III SB XIV 12156.ii.6 (Ἐντίεωϲ) late III P.Oxy. XXXIV 2730.5 III/IV BGU XVII 2700.2 IV Administrative subdivision: Upper toparchy Relative location: P.Oxy. VIII 1112 mentions acacia-trees ‘on the embankment of Enteiis and Thosbis’, which are ‘designated’ for purchase by the village elders of Nesmimis, suggesting close proximity between these three Upper toparchy villages (cf. ZPE 170 (2009) 189). Position in official lists of villages: last after Chysis [P.Oxy. 1285]; between Athychis and Thosbis [P.Oxy. 1659.15] Categories of land: private [P.Princ. 42.9 (BL IX 218)]; cleruchic [P.Princ. 42.9 (BL IX 218)]; uninundated (abrochos) [P.Oxy. 4356] Cultures: wheat [P.Princ. 42, SB 11228]; acacia-trees [P.Oxy. 1112]; lentils [P.Oxy. 4356]; chortos [P.Oxy. 4356] Associated kleroi: of Spokeus [SB 11228]; of Philetion [SB 11228] Irrigation: dike (choma) [P.Oxy. 1112]; mechane [P.Oxy. 2730]

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Topographical features: threshing floor [SB 11228] Animals: pig [SB 12156]; ox [SB 12156] Officials: komarches [BGU 2700]; epistates eirenes [BGU 2700]; demosioi [P.Oxy. 2730]; field-guard (pediophylax) [P.Oxy. 2730]; agents of the peace (οἱ ἐπὶ τῆϲ εἰρήνηϲ) [P.Oxy. 2730]; archephodos [P.Oxy. 2730]; sitologoi [P.Oxy. 616, 2968, 4589, 4890]; komogrammateus [P.Daris inv. 226] Occupations: donkey driver [P.Oxy. 2730 (not certainly from Enteeis)] Noteworthy landowners: Sarapion, gymnasiarchos [P.Oxy. 2730] Taxes and other imposts: crown-tax [P.Oxy. 1659]; requisition of meat [SB 12156] Εντελ ̣ε ̣υ ̣ - Enteleu http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4200 P.Oxy. III 518.4 (Ἐντ(ελευ); BL III 131) 179/80 topoi P.Oxy. XII 1510.4 (Ἐντελ̣ε̣υ̣), 10 (Ἐντ̣[ελευ]) II/III /topoi Administrative subdivision: Western toparchy Topographical features: public granary [P.Oxy. 518] Officials: sitologoi [P.Oxy. 518, 1510] Occupations: grammateus sitologias [implied in P.Oxy. 1510] Ἔξω Τῆϲ Πύληϲ See s.v. Προάϲτιον (Ἔξω Τῆϲ Πύληϲ) Ε̣π ̣ ι ̣η ̣ See BL VIII 156 on P.Köln III 141.11 and cf. below s.v. Ιεµη Ἐπιϲήµου - Episemou http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=2853 P.Oxy. XVIII 2188.5 107 P.Turner 25.8 161

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PSI XIV 1408.12 (BL VIII 411) 191–4 P.Leid.Inst. 43.11 II P.Oxy. XIV 1659.31 218–21 P.Oxy. XVII 2137.11–12 226 epoikion P.Oxy. VII 1031.8 228 epoikion SB I 5806.6 235 epoikion SB I 1513.5 (BL II/2 114) 239–55? P.Harr. I 80.32 249 P.Oxy. IX 1192.2 280 P.Coll.Youtie II 125.6 (BL VIII 86) III kome P.Oxy. X 1285.55 III P.Oxy. LX 4089.49 351 SB XVI 12523.5 = P.Med. I 86 394 P.Oxy. XVI 1878.5 461 P.Oxy. LV 3805.18, 85 after 566 kome P.Oxy. I 136.16, 43 583 kome P.Oxy. XVIII 2196.5 after 587 kome P.Oxy. LXX 4802.2, 9 early VII kome P.Oxy. LVIII 3960.12 621 P.Leid.Inst. 80A.ii.9 VII/VIII chorion Administrative subdivision: Upper toparchy; 3rd pagus Position in official lists of villages: between Mermertha and Isieion Panga [P.Oxy. 1285]; last after Mermertha [P.Oxy. 1659] Relative location: In P.Oxy. 1031 a farmer of public land in Sko (Upper toparchy) is from Episemou, in P.Oxy. 2137 a lessee of land in Sko is likewise from Episemou, and in SB 5806 the lessors of land around Sko (l. 14 with BL XII 183) are from Episemou; the two villages must have been close neighbours; cf. also PSI 1408 with BL VIII 411 (ἐν τόποιϲ π̣ερ̣ὶ Ϲκω | Ἐπιϲήµου καλουµένου [sc. ἐποικίου?]). Episemou is coupled with Terythis (Eastern toparchy; 4th pagus) in SB 12523 and is in the same Apionic prostasia as Adaiou (Eastern toparchy; 4th pagus) and Matreou [P.Oxy. 136, 2196]. These indications suggest that it lay in the north-eastern corner of the Upper toparchy (see Rowlandson, Landowners and Tenants 11). In P.Turner 25 a man from Episemou takes under lease fishing rights in Seryphis (Western toparchy; 3rd pagus). The epoikion Sekoundou was probably near Episemou [P.Oxy. 4802.7]. Cultures: lentils [P.Oxy. 1192]; wheat [P.Oxy. 2188, PSI 1408]; viticulture [P.Oxy. 3960]; see also Note below. Irrigation: see Note below. Topographical features: threshing floor [P.Harr. 80(?), P.Oxy. 2188] Animals: donkeys [P.Coll.Youtie 125, SB 1513] Officials: apaitetai annones [P.Oxy. 1192]

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Occupations: Apionic pronoetes [P.Oxy. 136, 2196 (Serenos, who is also deacon)]; non-Apionic (third century) pronoetes [P.Oxy. 1192]; guard (phylax) [P.Oxy. 4802] Noteworthy landowners: Apion estate [P.Oxy. 136, 2196, 3805, 3960, 4802 (pagarchoumene by the Apiones)] Taxes and other imposts: crown-tax [P.Oxy. 1659]; grain collected from Episemou by the epimeletes of the military camp at Psobthis [P.Oxy. 4089] Note: since the beginning of the document is lost, it is unclear whether the terms of the land lease P.Harr. 80 relate to land around Episemou (in whose threshing floor the rent is to be paid). The lease mentions wheat, chlora, lachanospermon, acacia-trees, hydreumata, and a mechane. Ἐρῆµοϲ - Eremos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4224 P.Oxy. II 240.2 (]τ̣οου Ἐρήµου) 37 (cf. 6) Ἑρήϲεωϲ - Hereseos http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9455 SB XX 14399.4 II/III kome P.Oxy. XIV 1771.6 (BL IX 188) III/IV Etymology: ‘un toponyme à partir du nom du dieu Horus’ (M. Blume and H. Melaerts, CE 65 (1990) 285 n. 23, with reference to W. Clarysse and J. Quaegebeur, SO 47 (1982) 69–85, esp. 77–81). I have accordingly printed the name with a rough breathing. Cultures: viticulture [P.Oxy. 1771, mentioning jars of old wine labeled (epigegrammena) Ταπερω καὶ Ἑρήϲεωϲ] Note: the kome Θερήϲεωϲ in P.Oxy. XXXI 2577.3 (mid-III) cannot be identified with the present village as it is now believed to refer to a village in the Prosopite nome; see D. Hagedorn, ZPE 136 (2001) 151–2. Εριτ - Erit http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=4227

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P.Ross.Georg. III 17.5 VI/VII Note: for some instances of this village in Coptic and Arabic sources see E. Amélineau, La géographie de l’Égypte à l’époque copte (Paris 1890) 159. Ἑρµοκράτουϲ - Hermokratous http://www.trismegistos.org/geo/detail.php?tm=9056 P.Köln III 141.7 57/8 epoikion