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Learning Theory: BehaviorismSarah S.
EME 2040 Spring 2012
What is Behaviorism? The Fathers of Behaviorism The Behaviorism Classroom Behaviorism in My Classroom
Behaviorism
Ian Pavlov (1849-1936)- Russian Physiologist Won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1904 Research throughout 1890's and early 1900's included
the physiology of conditioning reflexes His ideas played a big role in the behaviorist theory of
psychology Pavlov’s Dogs
“Do not remain content with the surface of things.” – Ian Pavlov (click)
The Fathers of Behaviorism
John B. Watson (1878-1958)- American Psychologist Law of Frequency Law of Recency Inspired by the work of Pavlov Little Albert Experiment
"My theory does hold that the muscular habits learned in overt speech are responsible for implicit or internal speech (thought).“- John B. Watson (click)
The Fathers of Behaviorism
B.F. Skinner (1904-1990)- American Psychologist Introduced Theory of Operant Conditioning “Radical Behaviorism” Experimental Analysis of Behavior
“Education is what survives when what has been learned has been forgotten”-B.F. Skinner (click)
The Fathers of Behaviorism
Theory based on Stimulus-Response Classical Conditioning (Pavlov) Contiguity Learning Observational Learning Operant Conditioning
What is Behaviorism?
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Basic Concepts of Classical Conditioning and Contiguity• Extinction• Spontaneous Recovery• Stimulus Generalization/Discrimination• Higher Order Conditioning• Sensory Pre-Conditioning
What is Behaviorism?
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Basic Concepts of Operant Conditioning• Free Operant Level (Baseline)• Terminal Behavior• Extinction• Superstitious Behavior• Shaping and Chaining
What is Behaviorism?
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Group Consequences- • Rewards or Punishment given as a class whole Contingency Contract- • Contract between Teacher and Student Token Reinforcement System Independent Learning
Behaviorism Teaching & Management
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Instructional Software Computer Assisted Instruction Drill and Practice Tutorials Plan ahead for student scheduling and rotation for
computers Collaboration between technology and lecture increases
the effectiveness of learning activities
Students and Technology
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Using tokens and reward to promote good behavior/academic work
Creating a contract with the student that holds them responsible for their own work
Giving clear rules and consequences Positive reinforcement: a smile, a high five
My Classroom
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Create a schedule for students to have computer time Using programs where students learn by drill and
practice method Reinforcement, practice and feedback Provide students with the skills to use technology Integrate drill and practice programs into learning
activities
Technology in My Classroom
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