SKADS White Paper - Technologies -

White PaperSKADS ConferenceNovember 2009

SKADS White PaperSKADS White Paper- Technologies -- Technologies -

Andrew Faulkner

http://webmail.jb.man.ac.uk/skadswiki/SkadsWhitePaper


What is it........?What is it........?SKADS

Deliverables

Developments

Demonstrators

SKA Intl.

Precursors

Science

Requirements

Existing Knowledge

Current Telescopes

History

Other work

SKADS White Paper

Our ‘Final’ Deliverable


System Group – DS8System Group – DS8

Members:Andrew Faulkner (Chair) Peter Wilkinson

Steve Torchinsky Arnold van Ardenne

Andre van Es Paul Alexander

Dion Kant Stelio Montebugnoli

Mike Jones Steve Rawlings

Rosie Bolton Philippe Picard

Jan Geralt bij de Vaate Kobus Cloete

Preparing principal deliverable of

SKADS – The White Paper


Aperture Arrays for the SKA: Aperture Arrays for the SKA: the SKADS White Paperthe SKADS White Paper

1. Abstract2. Executive Summary3. Introduction

International context

4. Scientific Requirements AA science opportunity

5. Specification Overview6. SKADS design

Design architectureOverall costsCost ScalingPower usageOperational aspects

7. Technology readinessTRLTechnology roadmap

8. Design and costing methodology & tools

Design Block descriptionsCost tool

9. Demonstrators & ResultsEMBRACE2-PADBEST

10. Design trade-offsSummary detailed resultsAnalysis of resultsImplementation StrategyManufacturability of Aperture ArraysMaintainabilityConfiguration and RFIReliabilityRisk mitigationUpgradeability

11. From SKADS to SKA PrepSKASKA Phase 1SKA Phase 2

12. References13. Appendices


Aperture Arrays for the SKA: Aperture Arrays for the SKA: the SKADS White Paperthe SKADS White Paper

1. Abstract2. Executive Summary3. Introduction

International context

4. Scientific Requirements AA science opportunity

5. Specification Overview6. SKADS design

Design architectureOverall costsCost ScalingPower usageOperational aspects

7. Technology readinessTRLTechnology roadmap

8. Design and costing methodology & tools

Design Block descriptionsCost tool

9. Demonstrators & ResultsEMBRACE2-PADBEST

10. Design trade-offsSummary detailed resultsAnalysis of resultsImplementation StrategyManufacturability of Aperture ArraysMaintainabilityConfiguration and RFIReliabilityRisk mitigationUpgradeability

11. From SKADS to SKA PrepSKASKA Phase 1SKA Phase 2

12. References13. Appendices


This is a big job.....This is a big job.....

• Meetings, Telecoms with schedules produced

• A draft is in progress: on the Wiki

• Some contributions from the various authors have been received

• A draft was planned to be circulated at the Conference

• We are running late.....

It must be produced before end of YearIt must be produced before end of Year


Science Requirements....Science Requirements....

http://www.skatelescope.org/PDF/091001_DRM_v0.4.pdf


0

2,500

5,000

7,500

10,000

Sen

sitiv

ity A

eff/T

sys

m2 K

−1

0.3 1.0 3.0 10.0

Frequency GHz

0.1 0.14 1.4

2. Resolving AGN and Star Formation in Galaxies

39,000 5. Wide Field Polarimetry - 2

11. Galaxy Evolution via H I Absorption

12. HI BAO

25,0000 3. Protoplanetary disks

20,0000 6. Continuum deep field

7. Deep HI Field

9. Galactic centre pulsars

10a, 13a. Pulsar search

10b, 13b. Pulsar timing

4. Cosmic Magnetism

8. HI EoR

Sensitivity Requirements

12,500

15,000

Specified sensitivity

Derived survey speed

5. Wide Field Polarimetry - 1

Huge....

ProposedDish Envelope3,000 @ 15m

ProposedAA system

envelope


1e2

1e4

1e6

1e8

1e10

Sur

vey

Spe

ed m

4 K−2

deg

2

0.3 1.0 3.0 10.0

Frequency GHz

0.1 0.14 1.4

2. Resolving AGN and Star Formation in Galaxies

5. Wide Field Polarimetry

11. Galaxy Ev. via HI Abs’n

12. HI BAO

3. Protoplanetary disks

6. Continuum deep field

7. Deep HI Field



4. Cosmic Magnetism8. HI EoR

Survey SpeedRequirements

1e1

Specified survey speed

Derived from sensitivity

ProposedDish Envelope3,000 @ 15m

ProposedAA system

envelope

13a. Pulsar search


10

30

100

300

1,000

Bas

elin

e le

ngth

, km

0.3 1.0 3.0 10.0

Frequency GHz

0.1 0.14 1.4

>3000 2. Resolving AGN and Star Formation in Galaxies

5. Wide Field Polarimetry

11. Galaxy Evolution via HI Absorption

12. HI BAO

3. Protoplanetary disks

6. Continuum deep field

7. Deep HI Field


10a, 13a. Pulsar search


4. Cosmic Magnetism

8. HI EoR

Baseline Requirements

3

1

Stated in RSP

Unstated in RSP - assumed


..

Sparse AA

Dense AA

..

Mass Storage

TimeTimeStandardStandard

Central Processing Facility - CPF

User interfacevia Internet

...

To 250 AA Stations

...

DSP

...

DSP

To 2400 Dishes

...

12-15m Dishes

Correlator – A

A &

Dish

16 Tb/s

80 Gb/s

Control Processors& User interface

Post Processor

Data

Time

Control

70-450 MHzWide FoV

0.3-1.2 GHzWide FoV

0.8-10 GHzSingle Pixel or Focal planearray

Beam Data

Tile &Station

Processing

SKA Overall StructureSKA Overall Structure


SKA Common FrameworkSKA Common Framework 70 300 700 2 5 10 MHz MHz MHz GHz GHz GHz

AA-Lo

AA-Hi PAF

WBSPF

10km

180km

3000+km

Optimisation of technology boundaries will take place based on science performance and costTime axis not shown


Modelling: Modelling: Design and Costing ToolDesign and Costing Tool

Also tracks Power & data rate


D&C-2 SKA BreakdownD&C-2 SKA Breakdown SKA Cost Remarks

Quantity Each Total € 2011 NPV Aperture Arrays: AA-hi arrays 250 1,467,065 366,766,150 165 core and 85 outer arrays AA-lo arrays 250 648,876 162,218,926 Station processors 250 227,004 56,750,988 Processing for station

beamforming Total AA 585,736,064 Dishes: Antenna + feed 2400 219,175 526,020,000 Includes Antenna, feed,

electronics and cooling Total dish 526,020,000 Communications: AA core 64,313,900 AA outer 57,951,575 Dishes 56,260,331 Trenching - all 92,457,741 Total comms 270,983,547 Central Processing Includes control and clock

distribution Correlator 62,749,341 Includes correlation facilities for

both AA and dish collectors Post processing 34,000,000 Includes processing and storage Clock distribution 9,263,217 Total central proc. 106,012,558 Total SKA 1,488,752,170

Costs not Included:

Development workNon-recoverable expensesCivil worksPower installationOperational CostsProject Management

Collectors250 x 57m dia AA-hi250x220m dia AA-lo2400 x 15m dishesWideband SP Feeds

~€1.48BnSKA Memos: 111 and 93 for D&C-1


AA-hi Arrays AA-hi Arrays (not inc. station proc.)(not inc. station proc.)Infrastructure:

Cover membraneSteels for Antenna Support Structure Cable Support Poles Velcro Cable TiesFoundations: building polesCivil EngineeringCoolingPower SuppliesRacking TrenchesInfrastructure Build – 3 man yearsBunkers

Analogue Data Transport:Connection to PCBs = no. of cablesPreparation of cablesCable - total length reqd per stationMale plugsPCB Outlet plugs (i.e. PCB inputs to first processor)Install cables in field

~€1.5M each array, NPV

~€11 each element, 2011


Scenarios planningScenarios planning

SKADS PrepSKA Phase 1 Phase 2

A major input to the Concept A major input to the Concept Design Reviews: CoDRDesign Reviews: CoDR


The messages are:The messages are:

• AAs can be achieved at acceptable cost and power for the SKA

• AAs can be tailored to meet SKA science requirements <1.4GHz

• AAs make the SKA central processing tractable & affordable

• There is a solid basis of engineering for AA development

• AAs are capable of achieving SKA performance requirements

An SKA scenario including AAs is the only way of meeting the

science goals

Date post:	25-Feb-2016
Category:	Documents
Upload:	clay
View:	33 times
Download:	4 times

SKADS White Paper - Technologies -

Documents