Chair of Fluid Process EngineeringUniversity of Paderborn
INTHEAT, Veszprém, July 08, 2011
Activities of Makatec GmbH & UPB
Dipl.-Ing. Mark Piper
Spiral plate polymer heat exchanger
Chair of FluidProcess Engineering
INTHEAT, 08.07.2011
Spiral (metal) plate heat exchanger (SHX)
Characteristics Application: recuperators, condensers, reboilers
Flow arrangements: counter-current and cross flow
Pressure limitation: pmax ≈ 20 bar
Thermal limitation: due to hermetic seal requirement
Typical HTC-Values: 700-2500 W/m2K ( for liquid-liquid systems)
Heat transfer area: up to 400 m2
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VDI-Wärmeatlas, 8th Edition, Springer-Verlag 2006 Kuppan, T.: HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGN HANDBOOK. Taylor & Francis Group (2000)
Photo from: Martin, H.; Wärmeübertrager. Georg Thieme Verlag, 1988
Chair of FluidProcess Engineering
INTHEAT, 08.07.2011
Spiral (metal) plate heat exchanger (SHX)Advantages Compact design Perfect counter-current flow Small driving temperature differences for heat transfer Turbulent regime at lower Reynolds numbers than in plane channels (curvature
effect) Low fouling
Disadvantages Pressure limitation Thermal expansion and deformation of the plates at large temperature
differencesDesign Method is based on correlations e.g. Nu=f(Re,Pr) or LMTD correction factor, and
ξ=f(Re).
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Kuppan, T.: HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGN HANDBOOK. Taylor & Francis Group (2000) Martin, H.; Wärmeübertrager. Georg Thieme Verlag, 1988
Chair of FluidProcess Engineering
INTHEAT, 08.07.2011
Makatec GmbH polymer SHX
Makatec SP-1600 Materials:
Pressure hull: PU (Polyurethane) or epoxy-resinSpacers: PP (Polypropylene)Film (0.1 mm): Polymer depends on application
Application: liquid-liquid heat exchangers (HX) for aggressive fluids
Flow arrangement: counter-current flow Pressure limitation: 6 bar Thermal limitation: 75 °C (greater possible 100 °C) U-Value (1500 l/h): 1660 W/m2K Heat transfer area: 0.71 m2
- 4 - Deliverable D3.1. FP7-SME-2010-1 262205/INTHEAT.
Chair of FluidProcess Engineering
INTHEAT, 08.07.2011
Makatec GmbH polymer SHXAdvantages Application for corrosive and aggressive fluids HTC-values comparable to conventional plate heat exchangers Reduced investment costs Low weight Very thin polymer film (0.1 mm)
Disadvantages Currently low volume flow (dimensions limited by the currently available
manufacturing tool) Pressure difference across polymer film must not exceed 3 bar Max. pressure limited to 6 bar. Relatively large pressure loss. Temperature limitation
Design Currently no reliable calculation method available!
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Chair of FluidProcess Engineering
INTHEAT, 08.07.2011
Working principle of the SP-1600
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Problem: Heat transfer characteristics unknown design methods not available
Empirical correlation for the friction factor developed by Schock & Miquel (1987), Da Costa et. al (1994). Comparison possibilities!
Schock, G.: Miquel, A.: Mass transfer and pressure loss in spiral wound modules. Desalination 64 (1987), p.339-352 Da Costa, A.R.; Fane, A.G.; Wiley, D.E.: Spacer characterization and pressure drop modelling in spacer-filled channels for ultrafiltration. Journal of Membrane Science 87 (1994), p.79-98
Chair of FluidProcess Engineering
INTHEAT, 08.07.2011
Experimental apparatus at Makatec GmbH
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Flow developing region
51.5 cm 50 cm 50 cm
Water inlet Outlet
28 cmMeasurement points
Currently: Measurement of pressure loss for different spacer geometries
Future: Measurement of heat transfer for different spacer geometries
Chair of FluidProcess Engineering
INTHEAT, 08.07.2011
Work done – average measurements on Makatec SHX
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500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 19000
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
pressure drop / volume flow
cold side warm side
volume flow (l/h)
pres
sure
dro
p (m
bar)
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 19000
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
U*A / volume flow
volume flow (l/h)U*
A (k
W/K
)
≈ 1410 W/m2K