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Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach April 19, 2017 CSIR – NEERI, NAGPUR Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security & Safety Plan approach
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Page 1: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

April 19, 2017

CSIR – NEERI, NAGPUR

Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security &

Safety Plan approach

Page 2: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute

(CSIR-NEERI)

Page 3: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

CSIR-NEERI Towards Nation Building

• Impact of Vector Control

• Toxicogenomics

• Detection of waterborne Pathogens

Health

Industries

Societal

Mission

Energy

Sector

Hydrogen Storage & Delivery

Carbon Capture & Sequestration

Solar to Chemical

Cleane

r

Energy MSW Management

Phytorid for Sewage Treatment

Materials for Arsenic, Fluoride & Iron removal

Solar Electro-Defluoridation

Safe

Drinking

Water

• Rapid composting

• Smokeless Chulha

• Essential oils from citrus waste

• Cost effective fish food

CSIR

800 Hazardous waste Management

Carbon Credit: Soil carbon estimation

Monitoring of Dioxins, Furans and PoPs

Monitoring,

Mitigation

&

Restoratio

n

Carrying

Capacit

y

EIA

Studie

s

Tar Recovery

Ecorestoration

0.1

HKA37

HKA33

HKA26

HKA43

HKA7

AJ576206

AB114302

HKA10523

899

142

291

304

231

HKA48

HKA16

HKA31

HKA38

HKA17

AF424772

AF424767992

626

252

576

246

HKA3

HKA18

561

1000

HKA21

HKA1

HKA44

HKA45

HKA27

HKA32480

166

572

508

1000

AY856360

HKA5

HKA40

HKA41972

HKA35

HKA29

689

1000

1000

650

AY454634

HKA14

HKA20

HKA12

HKA8

HKA24

AY667272

AF229778

1000

591

674

812

HKA34

HKA13

HKA22

HKA36

531

518

865

1000

HKA4

HKA11

HKA6

AJ576234

HKA46848

896

1000

999

854

HKA15

HKA19

1000

1000

921

759

1000

775

924

1000

468

TRICHOTOMY

Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996955](3) Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996951](3) Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996946](8) Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996959](2) Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996932](7)

Uncultured archaeon

Uncultured euryarchaeote

Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996934]( 7) Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996963](4)

Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996939](4) Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996949](3) Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996956](4) Uncultured archaeon clone [AY996940](4)

Uncultured archaeon

Uncultured archaeon

Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996928](9) Uncultured archaeon clone [AY996941](1)

Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996943](14) Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996927](14) Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996960](13)

Uncultured euryarchaeote clone [AY996961](13)

Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996947](14) Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996950](2)

Uncultured archaeon

Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996930](2) Uncultured Thermococcales archaeon clone[AY996957]( 3) Uncultured Thermoplasmatales archaeon clone[AY996958](3) Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996953](4) Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996948](3)

Uncultured marine eukaryote clone [sequence not deposited]

Uncultured Thermoplasmatales archaeon clone[AY996938](1)

Uncultured euryarchaeote

Uncultured marine eukaryote clone [sequence not deposited] Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996936](3)

Uncultured archaeon clone [AY996933](2) Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996945](4)

Uncultured archaeon

Uncultured archaeon

Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996952](3) Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996937](3) Uncultured archaeon clone [AY996944](4) Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996954](4)

Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996929](2) Uncultured euryarchaeote clone[AY996935](3) Uncultured archaeon clone [AY996931](4)

Uncultured archaeon

Uncultured archaeon clone [AY996962](2)

Uncultured archaeon clone[AY996941](1)

Page 4: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Water Safety Plan

(WSP)

Water Quality

Monitoring &

Surveillance (WQMS)

PoU Treatment

Development &

Evaluation

Training

Advocacy with

Government

Environmental Impact

Assessment

Clean & Safe

Water

Water Technology and Management Division

Page 6: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Strategic plans for Rural Drinking water supply and

sanitation

Parameter 2017 2022

households with piped

water supply 35% 90%

Public (Stand) Post 20% 10%

Hand pumps 45% 10%

Source: Nation Rural Drinking Water

Supply Guidelines, 2013

Page 7: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Technological position in water ladder

Unprotected source, shallow hand pumps, canals, etc.

Wells, protected springs

Tube wells, hand pumps

Public stand posts

Household connection - individual & multiple

With increasing awareness, economic prosperity, people

realizing the importance of time, rise in demand for :

• adequate quantity of water

• better quality of water supplied, and

• reliability of services

Page 8: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Water System Elements - Catchment

Storage

Catchment

Treatment

End User

Distribution

Risk based approach (Catchment to Consumer)

Water System Elements

Aim to ensure supply of sufficient quantity of safe water

Page 9: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

PENCH

KHAIRY

DAM

NMC SERVICE

AREA

BPT

MAHADUL

A

PUMPING

STATION

KANHAN

WTP

GOREWAD

A LAKE

FROM TOTLADOH DAM

ES

R

ES

R

ES

R

ES

R

TO GORSI KHURD

DAM

BINA

JUNCTION

KANHAN

RIVER

MB

R

PENCH- I PENCH-

II PENCH-

III OG

INTAKE

WELLS

PROPOSED PUMPING

UNIT & BPT

PENCH-IV

• NAGPUR

• 24x7 Water Supply started

Page 10: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Bhendala

• Study Area Village : Bhendala

Area : 7.56 km2

Population: 1184 (census 2011)

No. of Households: 244

Nirmal Gram Puraskar in 2010

Piped network

Sanitary interventions

VWSC

Revenue collection system

Bhendala Source : Google Maps

Page 11: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Main Hospital building

- 44 wards, OPDs, 6 OTs , Autoclave room and Kidney unit

TB ward building GMCH

- Skin ward, Infectious ward and TB ward

• Main Hospital Building

• TB Ward Building

• Super Specialty Hospital

Building

• Medical College Building

• Dental College Building

Government Medical College and Hospital

Page 12: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Intake Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Tap Storage Tap Storage Tap Storage

Source WTP MBR ESR High Medium Low

CF

U/1

00 m

l

Sampling locations

TTC Avg

TTC Max

Water Quality – Nagpur

Page 13: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Source ESR

Community Handpump & Household

taps

Household Storage

Water Quality - Bhendala

Page 15: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Risk Assessment

Control measures

Monitoring + verification

Water Safety Plan Approach..

System mapping

Improvement Plan

Page 16: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Catchment Hazard

Extraction

Catchment

Catchment

•Surface Water

•Reservoirs, Lakes & Drams

•Rivers

•Ground Water

•Dug Well

•Tube Well & Hand pumps

•Marine Water

28 7

Open drains contaminating source

Technological Intervention

•Natural Constructed wetlands

Page 19: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Totladoh Dam

Pench Khairi

Reservior

Mahadula

Pumping

Gorwada

Lake

Pench 4

WTP

Pump

House

BPT

23

00

mm

Lin

e

Page 20: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Treatment

Extraction

Storage

Catchment

Treatment

End User

Distribution

Risk Based Appraoch(Catchment to Consumer)

Community Treatment

•Chemical treatment

•SS

•Arsenic

•Disinfection

•Pathogens

•Protozoa

Page 21: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Treatment - Hazards

Treatment

Risk Based Approach (Catchment to Consumer)

Community Treatment

•Chemical treatment

•Arsenic

•Suspended Solids

•Disinfection

•Pathogens

•Protozoa

Technological Intervention

•Community Arsenic Removal

•Disinfection Technologies

Page 22: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Water System Elements - Catchment

Extraction

Storage

Catchment

Treatment

End User

Distribution

Risk Assessment (Catchment to Consumer)

Distribution & Storage

•Master Balancing Reservoir

•Elevated Service Reservoir

•Pump Station

•Distribution Lines

Page 23: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Water System Elements – Storage & Distribution

Storage

Distribution

Risk Assessment (Catchment to Consumer)

Leakage – Contamination /

Loss of water Corrosion of Pipes

Drinking pipeline laid in the

open drain Crossing of Sewer Lines

and Drinking pipeline

Page 24: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Pipes close to Sewer

Supply Line in Contact with Drain

Soil and Surface Water Pollution

Hazards to Water Pipe

Old Corroded Pipes

Leakage in Network

Intermittent Water Supply

Vulnerable Pipes

Risk of

Contaminan

t Ingress

Vulnerability Computation

λl = -0.4197(Dl0.3762) + 0.4168(Ll

0.0872) + 0.2813(Pl0.5668) +

0.0903(Hl-1)+0.7408(Agl

0.4281) where, λl is the failure rate of pipe i (based on the number of

breaks/km/year); Dl is the diameter of pipe i in mm; Ll is the length of pipe i in km; Pl is the hydraulic pressure of pipe i in meter; Hl is the installation depth of pipe i in meter; and Agl is the age of pipe i in years.

Risk Assessment Arrangement

Page 25: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

GIS Mapping and Risk Assessment Modeling

Pipes in contaminant zone

PCA

Classification

No. of

Pipes

Very Bad 3

Bad 15

Medium 293

Good 327

Very Good 290

Risk

Classification

No. of

Pipes

Very High 3

High 17

Medium 490

Low 418

Results of Pipe Condition Assessment and Risk Assessment

Page 26: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Household & PoU Treatment

Extraction

Storage

Catchment

Treatment

End User

Distribution

Risk Assessment (Catchment to Consumer)

PoU Treatment Technology

•Disinfection

•TDS / Hardness Removal

•Chemical Contamination

•Arsenic

•Fluoride

•Nitrate….

•Handling Practices

Page 27: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Household & PoU Treatment

End User

Risk Assessment (Catchment to Consumer)

Sanitary Survey for hand pumps

/ wells

PoU Treatment Technology

•Disinfection

•TDS / Hardness Removal

•Chemical Contamination

•Arsenic

•Fluoride

•Nitrate….

•Handling Practices

Technological Intervention

•Nitrate Removal Technologies

•Electro Dearsenification / Defluoridation

•Chemo De aresenification / Defluoridation

•UV – Based Disinfection

Page 28: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Way Forward…

Interactions with

Stakeholders

Technical

Assistance

(Preparation of

WSP)

Training and

awareness

workshops

Monitoring,

Feedback &

Improvement

Page 31: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Change in water quality

Sump Overhead tank

Taps PoU taps Storage vessels

Canteen PoU tap

Page 32: Supply of safe drinking water through Water Security ...apctt.org/sites/default/files/Water-Safety -Plan-Pranav.pdf · Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Supply of safe water through Water Security & Safety Approach

Safety planning approach

Background

with courtesy of Kate Medlicott (WHO)

Integration of Water Safety Plan & Sanitation safety

Plan


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