Causes of ineffective decision makingLack of clear objections Insecurity of position/authority Lack of information Fear of change

Decision making and critical thinkingCritical thinking = the ability to and

challenge assumptions, to imagine and explore alternatives, based on the understanding that absolute truth does undergird our lives

Group decision making- the new paradigm Five factors of good decision

Quality Time Commitment Attractiveness Learning

Group Consensus Group Unity

Decision making and the problem solving process Orientation to the situation Identification of the key facts Identification of major problem(s)Proposal of possible causes Listing of probable causes Testing, selecting and applying the best

decisionEvaluation of Decision

Roles of Group Leadership Group = a collection of individuals whose

existence as a collection is rewarding to the individual

Leader of group must consider the variables of each person in the group

Components of group leadership Belonging Role taking Expecations

Understanding Group BehaviorBackground Participation pattern Open communication StandardsSociemetric pattern Procedures Goals

Unleashing group dynamic Clarify Group Objectives Consider the Groups Hedonic Tone Construct Patterns for Group Interaction

Crystallize the groups achievementFair system of evaluation Groups should be healthy not sick

Expectations of group members AttendanceAffirmation Confidentiality Learning Responsibility Avoid defensiveness

Roadblocks to effective group workForgetting the individual Expecting to much from group dynamics Wasting time during group sessions Inability to address conflict

Stages of group growth Centric Group Radic group

Various functions of boardsDetermine policy Implement policy Advise policy Assume legal responsibility for policy

Board and committee membership Self perpetuation Popular election Ex officio status

The chairperson’s role in board/committee work Planning Presiding Appointment Representing Counseling Reporting

The responsibility of board and committee members Ability to see only one side of an issue An emotional fixation on an issue/side The tendency to vote with chairperson Nonparticipation in board/committee discussion A tendency to monopolize the conversation Begrudging expenditure of time

Leadership assumption about conflictConflict Accelerates ad Change Accelerates Conflict in not inherently destructive or

constructiveConflict is best handled by diplomacy and

negotiation Conflict resolution can be taught

Leadership strategies for handling conflictConfrontation Compromise Working through Teaching

Leadership Model for Conflict Resolution Withdrawing Taking Giving Agreeing

Leadership behavior that reduces conflictParticipatory leadership Effective leadership Celebrative leadershipVulnerable leadership Communicative leadership

The board is normally the head of the an organization

Board has a chairperson responsible to plan and facilitate meetings

Effective BoardmanshipAppoint and evaluate CEO Insure fiscal solvency Clarify and guard mission of organization Approve strategic plan Informative