„THE BIGFOOT“SUSTAINABLE RETROFIT

REFURBISHMENTIN ŽIRMŪNŲ ST.116

MANTAS BUČIŪNASMARTIN OJAMAA

OTHMAN KHEBBAB

_CONTENT

1_THE BIG FOOT2_GENERAL INFORMATION3_ENERGY EFFICIENCY4_BUILDING SERVICES5_DESIGN & MATERIALS

1_THE BIGFOOT

BIGFOOT, ALSO KNOWN AS SASQUATCH, IS THE NAME GIVEN TO AN APE-LIKE CREATURE THAT SOME PEOPLE BELIEVE INHABITS FORESTS, MAINLY IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST REGION OF NORTH AMERICA. BIGFOOT IS DESCRIBED IN REPORTS AS A LARGE HAIRY APE-LIKE CREATURE, IN A RANGE OF 2–3 M TALL, WEIGHING IN EXCESS OF 230 KG, AND COVERED IN DARK BROWN OR DARK REDDISH HAIR.

2_GENERAL INFORMATION

ŽIRMŪNAI - ONE OF THE BIGGEST AND OLDEST DISTRICT IN VILNIUS.

HOWEVER ALMOST THE MAJORITY OF THE BUILDINGS BUILD IN SOVIET

UNION ARE NOT REFURBISHED...

3_ENERGY EFFICIENCY

_ENERGY EFFICIENCY

THE MAIN GOAL IS TO REDUCE THE HEATING COSTS AND TO EXTEND THE BUILDING'S LIFE EXPECTANCY.

CURRENT SITUATION

_WALLS- 300MM CONCRETE. U=2,8 W/M2K_ROOF- 100MM COCRETE SLAB + 200MM LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE INSULATION. U=0,65 W/M2K_WINDOWS AND BALCONY DOORS- 2 LAYERS OF GLASS, U=3,0 W/M2K_MANY COLD BRIDGES

RENOVATION

_INSULATING: WALLS ROOF SOCKET AND FOUNDATION BASEMENT CEILING

_REPLACING: WINDOWS BALCONY DOORS

INSULATIONROCKWOOL

_MADE FROM NATURAL MATERIAL_LONG LASTING _HIGH FIRE RESISTANCE_FREE OF MAINTENANCE_NATURE-FRIENDLY PRODUCTION_Λ= 0,036 W/MK

WALLS

_150MM + 100MM ROCKWOOL SLABS_STUCCO FINISHING_CLOSED BALCONIES_PROFESSIONAL WORKERS_CORRECT INSTALLATION_U= 0,11 W/M2K

WINDOWS AND BALCONY DOORS

_TRIPLE GLAZED WINDOWS AND BALCONY DOORS U= 0,77 W/M2K_CORRECTLY INSTALLED_WINDOW FRAME PARTLY COVERED

ROOF

_WATERPROOF MATERIAL_2X200MM ROCKWOOL SLABS_20MM HARD ROCKWOOL SLABS_BITUMEN ROOFING_PARAPET INSULATION_U= 0,08 W/M2K

SOCKET AND FOUNDATION

_200MM XPS SLABS Λ= 0,04W/MK_WATERPROOF MATERIAL_STUCCO_BASEMENT CEILING - 200MM ROCK WOOL_FIRST FLOOR U= 0,11 W/M2K

COLDBRIDGE

HEATING DEMANDS AND COSTS

* ALL THE CALCULATIONS ARE BASED ON ESTONIAN CLIMATE DATA.

RENOVATION COST

4_BUILDING SERVICES

_NATURAL VENTILATION + MECHANICAL VENTILATION_USE THEM AT DIFFERENT TIME OF THE DAY OR SEASON OF THE YEAR_USUALLY HAVE A CONTROL SYSTEM TO SWITCH BETWEEN NATURAL AND MECHANICAL MODES_COMBINE THE ADVANTAGES OF BOTH TO SATISFY THE ACTUAL VENTILATION NEEDS AND MINIMIZE ENERGY CONSUMPTION

HYBRID VENTILATION (OR MIXED VENTILATION)

MECHANICAL VENTILATION

NATURAL VS MECHANICAL VENTILATION

MECHANICAL VENTILATION

_FOR THE MECHANICAL PART OF THE HYBRID VENTILATION WE USE VENTILATION WITH CROSS FLOW. WHY?

VENTILATION WITH CROSS FLOW

AFTER CALCULATIONS WE FOUND : LOSSES FOR SIMPLE FLOW = -7842,42 KJ/H

VENTILATIONLOSSES

AGAIN THE LOSSES OF THE CROSS FLOW = -3464 KJ/HSO THE ENERGY GAINS IS : 4378.42 KJ/H

VENTILATIONLOSSES

PRICES

THE SYSTEM IS DEMAND-CONTROLLED, SO THAT THE VOLUME OF AIR IS ADAPTED TO THE CURRENT DEMAND ALL THE TIME. THE VENTILATION SYSTEM SECURES OPTIMAL COMFORT AND GOOD INDOOR CLIMATE WITH CONTINUOUS VENTILATION DAY AND NIGHT. IN ADDITION THE SYSTEM CAN MANUALLY BE DEMAND-CONTROLLED FOR FORCED EXTRACTION THROUGH THE COOKER HOOD IN EACH SINGLE APARTMENT.

A - VENTILATION UNIT WITH CROSS-FLOW HEAT EXCHANGER B – ROOF CAP C – COOKER HOODS (EXTRACTION) IN KITCHENS D – EXTRACTION IN BATHROOMS E – INLET IN LIVING- AND BEDROOMS

VENTILATION WITH CROSS FLOW

THE BASIC VENTILATION HAS TO BE AT LEAST 0.3 L/S PER M2.

• EXAMPLE: SHELTERED DWELLING OR STUDENT HALL OF RESIDENCE OF 35 M2 WITH BATH AND KITCHEN. BASIC VENTILATION: 35 X 0,3 X 3,6 = 37,8 M3/H • THE FOLLOWING DISTRIBUTION OF THE AIR AMOUNT IS

RECOMMENDED: BATH KITCHEN TOTAL • BASIC VENTILATION 5,5 L/S 20 M3/H 5 L/S 18 M3/H 10,5

L/S 38 M3/H • MIN. FORCED VENTILATION 15 L/S 54 M3/H 20 L/S 72 M3/H 35 L/S 126

M3/H • MAX. FORCED VENTILATION 15 L/S 54 M3/H 40 L/S 144 M3/H 55 L/S 198

M3/H

VENTILATION CALCULATION

EXAMPLE 2

• TWO-ROOMED APARTMENT OF 60 M2. BASIC VENTILATION: 60 X 0,3 X 3,6 = 64,8 M3/H

THE FOLLOWING DISTRIBUTION OF THE AIR AMOUNT IS RECOMMENDED: BATH KITCHEN TOTAL • BASIC VENTILATION 10 L/S 35 M3/H 8 L/S 30 M3/H 18 L/S

65 M3/H • MIN. FORCED VENTILATION 15 L/S 54 M3/H 20 L/S 72 M3/H 35 L/S 126

M3/H • MAX. FORCED VENTILATION 15 L/S 54 M3/H 40 L/S 144 M3/H 55 L/S 198

M3/H

VENTILATION CALCULATION

DOMESTIC VENTILATION

GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEMS

GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEMS REDUCE THE MAINS WATER CONSUMPTION THROUGHOUT THESE APARTMENTS WHICH IN TURN

REDUCES THE WATER COSTS

HOW THE SYSTEM'S WORK ?

1. FILTRATION THE FILTER STATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE LIFT STATION IS THE PRIMARY STAGE OF THE GREYWATER RECYCLING SYSTEM. IT IS VITAL THAT GREYWATER IS FILTERED FOR THE REMOVAL OF PARTICLES OF SOLID MATTER AND THE VARIOUS PERSONAL HYGIENE PRODUCTS USED WHILE SHOWERING OR BATHING.

GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEMS

2. STORAGE THE HOLDING TANK IS THE SECONDARY STAGE OF THE GREYWATER RECYCLING SYSTEM. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HOLDING TANK IS ITS STORAGE CAPACITY RELATIVE TO THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE IT WILL SERVE WITHIN A BUILDING. THE HOLDING TANK MUST COLLECT AND STORE ENOUGH GREYWATER TO SUPPLY THE BUILDING’S TOILET FLUSHING REQUIREMENTS.

GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEMS

3. DISINFECTION

THE DISINFECTION OF THE GREYWATER STORED IN THE HOLDING TANK IS PERFORMED BY THE MONITORING OF THE VOLUMES OF INCOMING GREYWATER BY THE SYSTEMS ELECTRONIC WATER MANAGEMENT CONTROLLER ON THE PUMP STATION. THE GREYWATER IS DRIVEN FROM THE HOLDING TANK BY A DEDICATED CHLORINATION PUMP THROUGH THE CHLORINATION HOUSING (CONTAINING CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE) TO THE LIFT STATION (A SEPARATE TANK) THROUGH THE FILTER STATION AND THEN ONTO THE HOLDING TANK.

GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEMS

4. GREYWATER DISTRIBUTION

ON DEMAND (TOILET FLUSHING) GREYWATER IS TAKEN FROM THE HOLDING TANK AND PUMPED UNDER PRESSURE AUTOMATICALLY BY AN INVERTER CONTROLLED MULTISTAGE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP DISTRIBUTING IT TO THE BUILDING’S TOILETS. THE INVERTER CONTROL MAINTAINS CONSTANT OPERATING PRESSURE AT A SELECTED PRESSURE SETTING. THE PUMP CYCLES UP WHEN GREYWATER IS CONSUMED AND AUTOMATICALLY CYCLES DOWN AS WATER USAGE DECREASES.

GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEMS

_IN THE EVENT OF LOW LEVELS OF GREYWATER IN THE HOLDING TANK, THE CONTROLLER WILL AUTOMATICALLY ACTIVATE THE ACTUATED VALVE ON THE PUMP STATION WHICH WILL ALLOW FRESHWATER TO SUPPLY THE BUILDING’S TOILETS. ONCE THE LEVEL OF GREYWATER WITHIN THE HOLDING TANK INCREASES, THE CONTROLLER WILL AUTOMATICALLY ACTIVATE THE ACTUATED VALVE ON THE PUMP STATION. THIS WILL AGAIN ALLOW GREYWATER TO SUPPLY THE BUILDING’S TOILETS.

_WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF GREY WATER HARVESTING? • REDUCE MAINS WATER CONSUMPTION• REDUCED STORAGE AND LOWER COST COMPARED TO RAINWATER

HARVESTING• REDUCED OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE BUILDING• USUAL PAY-BACK 3/5 YEARS• SUPPLY EQUATES TO DEMAND, THE SYSTEM IS SUSTAINABLE - NO

RELIANCE ON UNPREDICTABLE RAINFALL

GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEMS

5_DESIGN & MATERIALS

_MAIN FACADES ARE ORIENTATED TO EAST AND WEST_AFTER CALCULATIONS ~70% OF SOLAR HEAT IS EFFICIENT -10,3KWH/M2/YEAR

SOLAR ANALYSIS

_3 TYPES OF FLATS PER FLOOR_4X FLATS WITH 3 ROOMS AND 2X FLATS WITH 2 ROOMS_NO INTERNAL CHANGES WERE MADE

PLAN

_FIBRE CEMENT FACADES

THE SIMPLE COMBINATION OF WOOD CELLULOSE, SYNTHETIC FIBRES, WATER AND CEMENT MAKE FIBRE CEMENT

_NATURA

DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIBRE CEMENT CLADDING

_TECTIVA

_PICTURE _TEXTURA

_NATURA _TECTIVA

_PICTURE _TEXTURA

DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIBRE CEMENT CLADDING

CONSTRUCTION

1_EXISTING WALL2_FIXING SYSTEMS3_INSULATION4_AIR GAP5_RAINSCREEN SYSTEM

REAL LIFE EXAMPLE THIS APARTMENT COMPLEX IN LITHUANIA CLEARLY DEMONSTRATES THE

EFFECTIVENESS OF OVERCLADDING. THE APARTMENT BLOCK ON THE LEFT HAS BEEN OVERCLAD WITH MARLEY ETERNIT TEXTURA RAINSCREEN CLADDING: TO THE RIGHT, THE BUILDING’S ORIGINAL AND UNINSULATED BRICK AND BLOCK

CONSTRUCTION HAS BEEN LEFT UNTOUCHED. DATA ON THE HEATING EXPENDITURE FOR BOTH BUILDINGS SHOW THAT THE RENOVATED AND OVERCLAD SIDE OF THE BLOCK MADE MORE THAN 40% FUEL SAVINGS

COMPARED TO THE NON-RENOVATED SIDE. THE MEASUREMENTS WERE TAKEN DURING THE WINTER OF 2009-2010WHICH WAS THE COLDEST IN 10 YEARS.

DURING THE HEATING PERIOD OF 2009-2010, TOTAL SAVINGS OF RENOVATED SECTION OVER THE NONRENOVATED SECTION, WERE 42.2%. THESE EXCELLENT

RESULTS WERE REACHED DESPITE INEFFECTIVE INSULATION AROUND WINDOWS.

ADVANTAGES

_CAN ACHIEVE AN A+ RATING_FIRE CLASSIFICATIONS A2-S1, D0 TO EN 13501-1

_INSTALLED LIFE EXPECTANCY OF AT LEAST 50 YEARS_DESIGNED FOR RAINSCREEN CLADDING SYSTEMS_EXCELLENT WEATHER AND CHEMICAL RESISTANCE

_DURABLE FACADE MATERIAL_RESISTANT TO IMPACT DAMAGE

_RESISTANT TO INSECTS, MOULD GROWTH AND FUNGI_NO ROUTINE MAINTENANCE REQUIRED

_BBA CERTIFICATE NO. 06/4355

2500X1220MM3100X1250MM

8/12MM

13,6/20,4KG/M²

0,4W/MK

FROST RESISTANT

CLASS 0 EN 13501-1 A2-S1,

D0

1220X2500MM1220X3050MM

8MM

14,9KG/M²

0,39W/MK

FROST RESISTANT

CLASS 0 EN 13501-1 A2-S1,

D0

2500X1250MM3100X1250MM

8/12MM

15,4/22,8KG/M²

0,6W/MK

FROST RESISTANT

CLASS 0 EN 13501-1 A2-S1,

D0

1220X2500MM1220X3050MM

8/12MM

14,4/22,8KG/M²

0,4W/MK

FROST RESISTANT

CLASS 0 EN 13501-1 A2-S1,

D0

_NATURA _TECTIVA _PICTURE _TEXTURA

COMPARISON

SHEET SIZE

THICKNESS

WEIGHT

THERMALCONDUCTIVITY

FROST RESISTANCE

REACTION TO FIRE

_PVGU WINDOWS

PYTHAGORAS SOLAR’S PVGUS ARE DESIGNED TO REPLACE CONVENTIONAL INSULATING GLASS UNITS (IGUS) IN CURTAIN WALL, WINDOW AND SKYLIGHT SYSTEMS. IT IS THE FIRST PRODUCT TO SIMULTANEOUSLY PROVIDE ENERGY EFFICIENCY, SOLAR ENERGY GENERATION,

AND OPTIMIZED DAYLIGHTING.

_ENERGY EFFICIENCYEXTREMELY LOW SOLAR HEAT GAINLOW U-VALUESDAYLIGHTING

_ENERGY GENERATIONHIGHEST POWER DENSITY, 4X EXISTING BIPV TECHNOLOGIESCOST EFFICIENT USING SUNLIGHT CONCENTRATION

_AESTHETICSHIGHEST TRANSPARENCYCHOICE OF COLORSMODERN LOOKADAPTABLE DESIGNAVAILABLE IN SKYLIGHT, VERTICAL CURTAIN WALL, AND SOON INCOLORED TILES

PVGU WINDOWS FROM PYTHAGORAS SOLAR_

PVGU WINDOW

PVGU SKYLIGHT

THIS IS ACHIEVED THROUGH PATENT-PENDING OPTICS, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR CELLS, ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE, AND PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE DESIGN TOOLS. THE PVGU IS DESIGNED AROUND THE FORM FACTOR OF A STANDARD INSULATED GLASS UNIT (DOUBLE PANED WINDOW).

PVGU WINDOWS FROM PYTHAGORAS SOLAR_

DESIGN PROPOSAL FACADES

EAST ELEVATION

WEST ELEVATION

NORTH ELEVATION

DESIGN PROPOSAL RENDERS

DESIGN PROPOSAL RENDERS

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