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The Long Range Plan for The Long Range Plan for Nuclear PhysicsNuclear Physics
The LRP working groupThe LRP working group
““After the big meeting”After the big meeting”Richard SetoRichard Seto
University of CA, RiversideUniversity of CA, Riverside
RHIC-AGS User’s Group – Washington APS MeetingRHIC-AGS User’s Group – Washington APS Meeting
April 29, 2001April 29, 2001
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
What happens Every ~6 Years the DOE/NSF nuclear charges NSAC with
defining a ~5-10 year plan for nuclear physics Begins with Town meetings in all fields of Nuclear Physics
Low energy nuclear physics Astrophysics, Neutrinos, and Symmetries Relativistic Heavy Ions (we had several meetings) Electron scattering
NSAC(30 people)+30 other “wise folks” then get together for a week and hammer out a final set of recommendations (Santa-Fe: Jan 28-Feb 2, 2001) Chaired by James Symons
NSAC folks: Me, Tim Hallman, Wit Busza, Leslie Bland Wise folks: Barbara Jacak, Bill Zajc, Steve Vigdor, Larry McLerran, Al
Mueller, Peter Bond, Dave Herzog
~Oct 1
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
The money ~400M/year for DOE/NSF Nuclear Physics What was on the table at Santa Fe?
RIA – the decadal project ~$1B Mid size stuff ~$100M
JLAB-12 GeV Upgrade : gluonic excitations, GPD’s, intermediate Q2
ORLAND : from SNS Underground Lab : large scale double beta decay, proton decay, solar
Lots of support in community – gets an A+ Most of funding is from NSF Requested support of community Nuclear Science will construct some detectors
RHIC II EIC – electron ion collider
Small Stuff A fact of life
You want big money? – build something big : CEBAF, RHIC,…RIA
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
The LRP document Recommendations
Increased funding for research and facility operations
RIA (Rare Isotope Accelerator) The underground Lab JLAB 12 GeV upgrade
“Initiatives” Small stuff and big stuff including
RHIC/EIC R and D RHIC II
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
The recommendations Recommendation 1
Recent investments by the United States in new and upgraded facilities have positioned the Nation to continue its world-leadership role in nuclear science. The highest priority of the nuclear science community is to exploit the extraordinary opportunities for scientific discoveries made possible by these investments. Increased funding for research and facility operations is essential to realize these opportunities.
Specifically, it is imperative to Increase support for facility operations – especially our unique new
facilities RHIC, CEBAF, and NSCL – which will greatly enhance the impact of the nation’s nuclear science program.
Increase investment in university research and infrastructure, which will both enhance scientific output and educate additional young scientists vital to meeting national needs.
Significantly increase funding for nuclear theory, which is essential for developing the full potential of the scientific program.
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
RIA – the Rare Isotope Accelerator Recommendation 2
The Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) is our highest priority for major new construction. RIA will be the world-leading facility for research in nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics.
The exciting new scientific opportunities offered by research with rare isotopes are compelling. RIA is required to exploit these opportunities and to ensure world leadership in these areas of nuclear science.
RIA will require significant funding above the nuclear physics base. This is essential so that our international leadership positions at CEBAF and at RHIC be maintained.
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
The underground Lab and the JLAB upgrade
Recommendation 3 We strongly recommend immediate
construction of the world’s deepest underground science laboratory. This laboratory will provide a compelling opportunity for nuclear scientists to explore fundamental questions in neutrino physics and astrophysics.
Recommendation 4 We strongly recommend the upgrade of
CEBAF at Jefferson Laboratory to 12 GeV as soon as possible.
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
The “initiatives” (in random order)
RHIC/EIC R and D Both for machine and detectors
Gamma Tracking (for RIA type experiments) Cold Neutrons (SNS) RHIC II Lattice QCD/Teraflops scale computing Super Nova Calculations ORLAND
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
What is in it for us? Increased funding for RHIC, for our
contracts, and for theory as first priority RIA built with new money
A clause protecting funding for RHIC R and D for RHIC II/electron-ion Collider,
machine (electron cooling) and detectors For our theory colleagues – Tera-flops
computing (Lattice+cascade codes etc) In the distance – RHIC II/EIC
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
A (risky) guess at a time line Now - 2001
R and D for RHIC II machine and detectors J-Lab ~ 2005
Formal proposal for RHIC II ~2005 Next LRP ~2007 RIA ~ 2010 (a reasonable guess)
RHIC II construction RHIC II ~2013(WAOG) “O for optimistic” Electron Ion Collider ~2015 (WAOG)
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
Time scale ~2010 Cost $1B (~$840M) Will reach previously
unstudied isotopes (r-process) Intensity ~100x greater than
any planned facility Science
Nuclear Astrophysics Structure of nuclei Precision tests of conservation
laws Applications
What is RIA?? An innovative new accelerator for rare exotic
nuclei
Stable isotopes
RIA
Unstable istopesUnstable istopes
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
The Science of RIAOne example: Nature of Nuclear Matter
What are the limits of stability?
I.e. how extreme can you go in N/Z (neutron drip line, proton drip line)
An example – When you go to very neutron
rich isotopes, the magic numbers probably change
This dictates the rates of various reactions in the r-process – the rapid neutron capture process
So what?
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
The Science of RIA – origin of the elements
Did you know that we are all children of the Stars?
Elements heavier than iron produced in the r-process We don’t understand it We don’t really know where it
occurs in super-nova? or perhaps in merging neutron
stars? We have not been able to
produce the most relevant nuclei
RIA will make these nuclei accessible
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
A very successful process
The Nuclear physics community has succeeded in constructing very large ($1B) projects CEBAF RHIC Now RIA/Underground lab
The community is a powerful one Broad (disparate) interests BUT UNIFIED!
Noted by OMB
I have come to admire the process, the leadership and the results
Despite some unhappiness at times during the meeting,
4/29/01 APS RHIC-AGS User's Meeting R. Seto
““We are stardust We are stardust We are golden We are golden
We are billion-year-old carbon We are billion-year-old carbon And we got to get ourselves Back to the And we got to get ourselves Back to the
garden”garden”Joni MitchellJoni Mitchell