The New Europe Divided: 1570-1619

Northern and Southern Religion Tridentine Successes The Catholic Defence of Christendom, 1565-

71 Militant Northern Protestants, 1569-72 The Massacre of St. Bartholomew, 1572 Poland 1569-76: An Alternative Future? Protestantism and Providence

Northern and Southern Religion Confessionalization

Lutheran: Augsburg Confession (1530)

Reformed: Heidelberg Catechism (1563), Belgic Confession (1562)

Roman Catholic: Canons and Decrees of Trent

divergences: Spain, England-Ireland, variations in Reformed Protestantism, Landeskirchen, Gallicanism

Tridentine Successes end of the Council of Trent

(1562-1563) after the Council

Roman Catechism (1566) Roman Breviary (1568) Roman Missal (1570)

papal centralization Congregations of cardinals

Congregation of the Council (1564)

Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith (1621)

Tridentine Successes

Jesuits: Counter-Reformation, architecture Liturgical music: Giovanni Pierluigi da

Palestrina (d. 1594) preaching centrality of the parish growth of religious orders confraternities of the rosary

The Catholic Defence of Christendom: Battle of Lepanto, 1571

Militant Northern Protestants

England – Scotlandexcommunication of Elizabeth I (1570)Recusants / recusancy

Denmark – Norway Sweden Synod of Emden (1571): Belgic Confession Capture of Brielle (1572)

St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, 1572

Queen Catherine de’ Medici

Admiral Gaspard Coligny

royal wedding Henry of Navarre effects

Poland, 1569-76: An Alternative Future? Catholic monarch, Reformed nobles unitarian Academy of Raków Union of Lublin (1569): Poland-Lithuania Confederation of Warsaw (1573)

Protestantism and Providence

The North: Protestant Heartlands

Defining Lutheranism: Towards the Formula of Concord

The ‘Second Reformation’ in Germany Baltic Religious Contests: Poland-Lithuania and

Scandinavia The Northern Netherlands: Protestant Victory The Northern Netherlands: The Arminian Crisis A Reformed Success: Scotland Elizabethan England: A Reformed Church? Ireland: The coming of the Counter-

Reformation

Defining Lutheranism

Gnesio-Lutherans vs. Philippists

Antinomianism Book of Concord (1580) Evangelical vs. Reformed

Matthias Flacius Illyricus (d. 1575)

The Second Reformation in Germany

Rhenish Palatinate, Elector Palatine = Friedrich

III (1559-1576) Heidelberg Catechism (1563) Thomas Erastus (1524-1583)

Erastianism Elector Johann

Sigismund of Brandenburg

Bremen Cathedral: St. Petri DomLutherans vs. Calvinists

Baltic Religious Contests: Poland-Lithuania and Scandinavia Kings of Poland: Stefan Bathory

(1576-1586), Sigismund III (1587-1632)

“state without stakes” Socinianism restoring Catholicism: Jesuits,

noblesse oblige, Union of Brest (1595)

Academy of Raków closed in 1638.

towards a Lutheran Sweden

The Northern Netherlands: Protestant Victory

Union of Arras vs. Union of Utrecht (1579) “an established Protestant Church”

without “a monopoly of recognized religion” (p. 370)

“a great diversity of evangelical belief” (p. 371)

The Northern Netherlands: The Arminian Crisis

Jacob Arminius (1560-1609) University of Leiden irresistible grace Remonstrants Synod of Dort (Dordrecht),

1618-1619

A Reformed Success: Scotland

John Knox Kirk General Assembly presbyterianism Book of Common Order

(1567)

Elizabethan England: A Reformed Church? Puritans and conformists Archbishop John Whitgift Marprelate Tracts Dudley Fenner / William Perkins: federal

theologyCovenant of worksCovenant of grace

Recusants Church papists

Ireland: The Coming of the Counter-Reformation

Welsh success plantation schemes clerical education abroad Trinity College, Dublin, 1594 Ulster plantation (1609) suspension of fine for recusancy (1621)

Identifications Chapter 7: confessionalization, Gallicanism, St.

Bartholomew’s Day Massacre (1572), Minor Church

Chapter 8: Philippists, gnesio-Lutherans, antinomianism, communcatio idiomatum, doctrine of ubiquity, Formula of Concord (1580), Book of Concord (1580), Heidelberg Catechism, Second Reformation, Socinians, Union of Brest, Willem of Orange, Union of Utrecht (1579), “state without stakes,” Arminianism, Synod of Dordt (1618-1619), supralapsarianism, Remostrants, Kirk, Edmund Grindal, John Whitgift, Puritans, Classical Movement, William Perkins, Covenant theology, recusants.