Date post: | 03-Jan-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | flora-lewis |
View: | 219 times |
Download: | 0 times |
Functions
• The respiratory system moves oxygen from the outside environment into the body.
• It also removes carbon dioxide and water from the body.
Organs
• Air travels in and out of the organs of the respiratory system;– nose– pharynx– larynx– trachea– bronchi– lungs
• bronchioles• alveoli
• respiration – the transport of oxygen from outside the body to cells and tissues, and the transport of carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells and to the environment.
vocabularyword!
Why do we Breathe?• cellular respiration - (break down of
glucose for energy) requires oxygen as a reactant.
• Respiration also produces water and carbon dioxide which can leave the body through the lungs
vocabularyword!
The Air You Breathe
• The air you breathe comes from the atmosphere – 21% oxygen– 78% nitrogen– 1% other gases
• Your body does not use most of the air you inhale
• What you don’t need is exhaled
The Path of Air
• As air moves the organs, it is warmed, moistened, and bacteria and other small particles are removed.
In the nose …
• Air is warmed• Nose hair filters dust and other small
things out. • Mucus also traps small particles, dust,
and bacteria.
the pharynx
• pharynx - (throat) is a long hollow tube that connects the nose to the trachea.
vocabularyword!
the trachea• trachea - connects the pharynx to the
bronchi. It is lined with mucus and small hairs that trap particles.
• You can feel the ridges of the trachea by running your finger down your neck
vocabularyword!
bronchi• bronchi - passages that direct air into
the lungs.– Left bronchus goes to the left lung– Right bronchus goes into the right lung
vocabularyword!
the lungs• lungs - The main
organs of the respiratory system that provide oxygen to the body.
• The bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli are all inside the lungs.
vocabularyword!
alveoli
• alveoli - smallest structure in the lungs where gas exchange takes place between the lungs and the blood.
• The walls of the alveoli are very thin which allows the gases to diffuse back and forth.
vocabularyword!
Gas Exchange
• After air enters the alveoli, oxygen passes through the wall of the alveoli, into the capillary that surrounds it , then into the artery headed to the heart.
• At the same time, carbon dioxide and water pass from the vein into the capillary, then into the alveoli where they are exhaled.
• diaphragm – dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that causes us to inhale and exhale.
vocabularyword!
How You Breathe
• You breathe on average 20,000 times a day
• Breathing speeds up when you exercise
• Breathing slows down when you are asleep
• Both involuntary and voluntary muscles and nervous system helps you breathe
Speaking
• Inside your trachea are vocal cords• Vocal cords stretch across the opening• Your vocal cords work like the neck of
a balloon when it is stretched• Air passes over the vocal cords,
making them vibrate which produces sound– Low – vocal cords contract & shorten– High – vocal cords relax & lengthen