E&E CoP–meeting 2008 / WATER, 14 Oct 2008 Jürg Staudenmann, UNDP BRC 3 Access to Water Supply & Sanitation matters ! Human Development strongly linked to WSS “The successfully tackling of the WSS crises could trigger the next leap forward in human development!“ (UNDP HDR 2006)
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United Nations Development Programme United Nations Development Programme Bratislava Regional Centre – Europe & CIS Bratislava Regional Centre – Europe & CIS Session 3.2 Session 3.2 Water Governance Water Governance Applying a Human Rights- Applying a Human Rights- Based Approach (HRBA) to Based Approach (HRBA) to Water Governance Water Governance A brand-new UNDP programme for Europe & CIS A brand-new UNDP programme for Europe & CIS Juerg Staudenmann, Juerg Staudenmann, Water Governance Advisor Water Governance Advisor Louise Nylin Louise Nylin , Human Rights Advisor , Human Rights Advisor E&E CoP-Meeting 2008 E&E CoP-Meeting 2008 Tue 14 Oct 2008 Tue 14 Oct 2008
Transcript
United Nations Development ProgrammeUnited Nations Development ProgrammeBratislava Regional Centre – Europe & CISBratislava Regional Centre – Europe & CIS
Session 3.2 Session 3.2 Water GovernanceWater Governance
Applying a Human Rights-Applying a Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA) to Based Approach (HRBA) to
Water GovernanceWater Governance A brand-new UNDP programme for Europe A brand-new UNDP programme for Europe
& CIS& CIS
Juerg Staudenmann, Juerg Staudenmann, Water Governance Advisor Water Governance Advisor Louise NylinLouise Nylin, Human Rights Advisor , Human Rights Advisor
E&E CoP-Meeting 2008E&E CoP-Meeting 2008 Tue 14 Oct 2008Tue 14 Oct 2008
Why applying a HRBA to Water Governance ? Why applying a HRBA to Water Governance ? – WSS matters (for Human Development) … WSS matters (for Human Development) … – … … but Water Governance is the key ! but Water Governance is the key ! What means taking a What means taking a Human Rights-based Human Rights-based Approach (HRBA)Approach (HRBA) – Louise Nylin – Louise Nylin How: A new programme for Europe & CIS How: A new programme for Europe & CIS – Objective & approach Objective & approach – The 4 thematic “areas of concern” The 4 thematic “areas of concern” – Link to (HQ-supported) WSS assessment Link to (HQ-supported) WSS assessment Summary & conclusions Summary & conclusions
Access to Water Supply & Sanitation Access to Water Supply & Sanitation matters ! matters !
Human Development strongly linked to WSSHuman Development strongly linked to WSS
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““The successfully tackling of the WSS crises could trigger the next The successfully tackling of the WSS crises could trigger the next leap forward in human development!“ (UNDP HDR 2006) leap forward in human development!“ (UNDP HDR 2006)
Why a HRBA to Water Governance Why a HRBA to Water Governance ? ?
Fact Fact – 1.1 billion people without water, 2.6 billion without sanitation 1.1 billion people without water, 2.6 billion without sanitation – WSS a key driver to achieve the MDGs (WSS a key driver to achieve the MDGs (child mortality / child mortality /
The growing “Water Crisis” is foremost a problem of The growing “Water Crisis” is foremost a problem of Water Water GovernanceGovernance, not of lacking water resources, not of lacking water resources– A crisis of the A crisis of the poor and marginalized poor and marginalized (incl. ethnic, gender or (incl. ethnic, gender or
rural-urban disparities) rural-urban disparities) – Low political commitment to Low political commitment to sanitation and hygienesanitation and hygiene– Climate ChangeClimate Change will add more complexity & additional burden will add more complexity & additional burden
The way forward The way forward – Focus on support to countries to develop national strategies & Focus on support to countries to develop national strategies &
plans towards plans towards integrated water resources managementintegrated water resources management (IWRM) (IWRM)
– Promote international Promote international aid & financingaid & financing – But also But also make water a human right – and mean it ! make water a human right – and mean it !
Applying a HRBA to “Water Applying a HRBA to “Water Governance”: Governance”:
What it may imply What it may imply PrioritizingPrioritizing human and/or household human and/or household allocation/consumption over all other uses allocation/consumption over all other uses (especially in crisis situations) (especially in crisis situations) Ensuring & guaranteeingEnsuring & guaranteeing allocation of a allocation of a minimum volume of (affordable) drinking minimum volume of (affordable) drinking water for everyone water for everyone Providing (legal) Providing (legal) instrumentsinstruments, e.g. for , e.g. for inhabitants to inhabitants to – Claim their water rightsClaim their water rights– Get access to info and political decisions Get access to info and political decisions BUT: Choosing an BUT: Choosing an integrated approach integrated approach to to Water Resources management (e.g. IWRM) Water Resources management (e.g. IWRM) – not focusing on WSS only (“not focusing on WSS only (“pipes and pumps”pipes and pumps”) ) – To ensure To ensure sustainabilitysustainability ! !
Linking HRBA to “Water Linking HRBA to “Water Governance” Governance”
OpportunitiesOpportunitiesPromoting (increased) Promoting (increased) state budget allocations state budget allocations towards WSS towards WSS Possibility to hold state Possibility to hold state accountable / responsible accountable / responsible for for – prioritizing & prioritizing &
““Sensible prioritization” Sensible prioritization” while balancing between while balancing between different water users (incl. different water users (incl. the natural environment!) the natural environment!)
ChallengesChallengesOther user groups (industry, Other user groups (industry, energy sector, agricultural energy sector, agricultural industry…) often have industry…) often have stronger influence stronger influence (financially, politically, (financially, politically, socially) socially) Finding the right balance Finding the right balance between WSS and other between WSS and other ““development prioritiesdevelopment priorities” like ” like – food security (irrigation / food security (irrigation /
The The UNECE Protocol on Water and Health:UNECE Protocol on Water and Health: A unique opportunity for Europe & CIS A unique opportunity for Europe & CIS ““Parties shall … take all appropriate measures Parties shall … take all appropriate measures for … ensuring: (a) for … ensuring: (a) adequate supplies of adequate supplies of wholesome drinking waterwholesome drinking water…; (b) …; (b) adequate adequate sanitationsanitation...”...”“… “… principles and approaches: … principles and approaches: … equitable equitable access to wateraccess to water, , adequate in terms of adequate in terms of both quantity and of qualityboth quantity and of quality, should be , should be provided for provided for allall members of the population, members of the population, especially those who suffer a especially those who suffer a disadvantage or social exclusiondisadvantage or social exclusion.”.”
How: A new UNDP programmeHow: A new UNDP programme
Programme for Europe & CIS Programme for Europe & CIS Motivation / objective: Motivation / objective: – Use momentum to develop concrete new Use momentum to develop concrete new
projects (at national and local level)projects (at national and local level)– Mobilize partnerships and funds for projects Mobilize partnerships and funds for projects
and (mainstreamed) interventions and (mainstreamed) interventions Approach:Approach:
– Phase 1: Phase 1: Analyze specific country situation, Analyze specific country situation, gaps and opportunities (gaps and opportunities (BRCBRC))
– Phase 2: Phase 2: Verify needs with stakeholders; set Verify needs with stakeholders; set priorities; develop concrete projects (priorities; develop concrete projects (CO CO with BRC supportwith BRC support))
– Phase 3: Launch and implement Phase 3: Launch and implement national national projects or mainstreamed interventions (projects or mainstreamed interventions (COsCOs) )
4 Thematic “Areas of Concern” 4 Thematic “Areas of Concern” 1.1. Accessibility Accessibility – Infrastructure– Infrastructure
PhysicalPhysical accessibility, primary focus on accessibility, primary focus on quality of the (WSS) quality of the (WSS) servicesservices
Dev. priority: provide access to poor, marginalised and Dev. priority: provide access to poor, marginalised and vulnerable groupsvulnerable groups
2.2. Affordability Affordability – Water Pricing– Water Pricing Economic accessibilityEconomic accessibility, water tariff system that provides , water tariff system that provides
standard volume of water standard volume of water to everyoneto everyone at at affordable pricesaffordable prices (or (or free if necessary) free if necessary)
Special consideration to poor, marginalised and vulnerable Special consideration to poor, marginalised and vulnerable groups groups
3.3. Allocation & Quality Allocation & Quality – Water Resources Management– Water Resources Management Supplied water needs to be Supplied water needs to be safesafe and and suitable suitable for all different for all different
uses uses Balance among competing needsBalance among competing needs (incl. natural environment) (incl. natural environment)
while prioritizing human consumption while prioritizing human consumption 4.4. Transboundary Cooperation Transboundary Cooperation – Joint management of – Joint management of
the resourcethe resource Adequate Adequate cooperationcooperation between neighbour countries / between neighbour countries /
communities sharing water resource/body (at national, basin or communities sharing water resource/body (at national, basin or local level) local level)
HRBA to prioritize HRBA to prioritize human water consumptionhuman water consumption
Accessibility Accessibility – Infrastructure– Infrastructure (connectivity and service provision) (connectivity and service provision)
Potential priority action: Potential priority action: Ensuring accessibilityEnsuring accessibility for vulnerable groups, for vulnerable groups, including including rural areasrural areasPrioritisation and targetingPrioritisation and targeting of vulnerable of vulnerable and marginalised groups in water policy and marginalised groups in water policy including service provision including service provision Avoiding negative impactsAvoiding negative impacts of WSS of WSS infrastructure and facilities design on infrastructure and facilities design on vulnerable and marginalised groupsvulnerable and marginalised groupsEnsuring Ensuring public participationpublic participation of vulnerable of vulnerable and marginalised groups in decision-making and marginalised groups in decision-making
Affordability Affordability – Water Pricing– Water Pricing (water tariffs and ability to pay)(water tariffs and ability to pay)
Potential priority action: Potential priority action: IntegratingIntegrating affordability into planning affordability into planning for for financing water servicesfinancing water servicesEnsuring Ensuring equitable pricing policiesequitable pricing policies (and (and cross-subsidiescross-subsidies as needed) as needed) Ensuring affordability of services in Ensuring affordability of services in WSS WSS concessionsconcessions Public participation, tPublic participation, transparency ransparency and accountabilityand accountability (redress (redress mechanisms and procurement)mechanisms and procurement)
PrioritisingPrioritising water for water for domestic usesdomestic usesManagingManaging natural water resources to natural water resources to ensure water ensure water quality and quantity quality and quantity (and sustainability) (and sustainability) Monitoring water Monitoring water quality safequality safe for usefor useResponding to Responding to climate change and climate change and natural disastersnatural disastersPublic participationPublic participation and and transparency transparency
Promoting and facilitatingPromoting and facilitating transboundary cooperation on water transboundary cooperation on water resource management resource management Enabling dialogueEnabling dialogue towards conflict towards conflict resolutionresolutionPublic participation Public participation
Link to (HQ-supported) WSS Link to (HQ-supported) WSS assessmentassessment
Follow-up on HDR 2006 (Water) Follow-up on HDR 2006 (Water) – IN-depth assessment in 5x2 countries: IN-depth assessment in 5x2 countries:
WSS situation – gap analysis / capacity development needs WSS situation – gap analysis / capacity development needs Status of national programming (UNDAF & Co.) – Status of national programming (UNDAF & Co.) – opportunity analysisopportunity analysisIdentification of concrete entry-points for projects Identification of concrete entry-points for projects
RBEC: RBEC: – Start early 2009 Start early 2009 – Potential target countries: BiH / Moldova / Tajikistan Potential target countries: BiH / Moldova / Tajikistan – Full alignment with HRBA-Water Governance Full alignment with HRBA-Water Governance
Programme support : Oversight, Knowledge management, advocacy
Regional Conferences
1st batch countries I: MoldovaII: Bosnia and Herzegovina
III: TajikistanIV: Ukraine
V: TurkeyVI: tbd
2nd batch countries VII: KyrgyztanVIII: Azerbaijan
IX: Serbia X: Turkmenistan
XI: tbdXII: tbd
3rd batch countriesXIII: CyprusXIV: Belarus
XV: UzbekistanXVI: Armenia
XVII: MontenegroXVIII: Kazakshastan
LEGEND
Programme development and launchMapping & analysis of country situationIn-depth assessment & identification of projectsProject launch & implementationProgramme support, oversignt & management
Year 5Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Budget Budget Budget 2009 (Phase 1+2): USD 100-Budget 2009 (Phase 1+2): USD 100-160,000 160,000 – BRC: 2 x 10,000 BRC: 2 x 10,000 – Global Human Rights Programme: Global Human Rights Programme:
40,000 40,000 – Global Water Governance Programme: Global Water Governance Programme:
40,000 40,000 – COs (for Phase 2): 10-20,000 COs (for Phase 2): 10-20,000
SummarySummaryOverall aim to utilize momentum & Overall aim to utilize momentum & identify opportunities to design new identify opportunities to design new programmes programmes – To To promote the Right to Water promote the Right to Water – ToTo implement it implement it: :
Focus / prioritize / mainstream Focus / prioritize / mainstream “Access “Access to sufficient, safe, acceptable, to sufficient, safe, acceptable, physically accessible and affordable physically accessible and affordable water, and basic sanitation”water, and basic sanitation” in(to) the in(to) the national development agenda national development agenda
Summary: approach Summary: approach Support countries Support countries – Identifying national needs and opportunities Identifying national needs and opportunities
(“entry-points”) for concrete interventions (“entry-points”) for concrete interventions – Advocate for WSS as priority area (towards Advocate for WSS as priority area (towards
achieving the MDGs) achieving the MDGs) – Taking a comprehensive approach (IWRM) Taking a comprehensive approach (IWRM)
to ensure long-term sustainability to ensure long-term sustainability Mobilize partners and financial Mobilize partners and financial resources to prioritize and implement resources to prioritize and implement concrete new WSS, RtW and Water concrete new WSS, RtW and Water Governance activities Governance activities
Summary: UNDP’s opportunitySummary: UNDP’s opportunityExternal perspective: External perspective: Support EECCA-countriesSupport EECCA-countries– Recipient signatory statesRecipient signatory states: implementing the : implementing the Protocol Protocol
on Water & Health provisions on Water & Health provisions (national analysis, gap (national analysis, gap assessments, target setting, strategy & project development…) assessments, target setting, strategy & project development…)
– Donor signatory statesDonor signatory states:: identifying needs and priorities, identifying needs and priorities, and direct their ODA/investment towards interventions in and direct their ODA/investment towards interventions in the sense of the the sense of the Protocol on Water & HealthProtocol on Water & Health
UNDP-perspective: UNDP-perspective: Taking a pan-regional, Taking a pan-regional, programmatic, “practice” approach programmatic, “practice” approach – Development of a coherent methodological approach on “HRBA-Development of a coherent methodological approach on “HRBA-
Water” nexus Water” nexus – Utilizing & building on the regional & legal context Utilizing & building on the regional & legal context – Building “HRBA-Water” capacity for the region, at disposal of COs Building “HRBA-Water” capacity for the region, at disposal of COs
Overall: Overall: Provide technically support for concrete development Provide technically support for concrete development and implementand implement of concrete projects and interventions to of concrete projects and interventions to improve people’s life! improve people’s life!
stakeholder consultations for 2-3 stakeholder consultations for 2-3 selected Countries selected Countries
Oslo Conference on Right to Water Oslo Conference on Right to Water – 26-28 Nov 26-28 Nov – 33rdrd day hosted by UNDP day hosted by UNDP UN-guidance UN-guidance
note note
United Nations Development ProgrammeUnited Nations Development ProgrammeBratislava Regional Centre – Europe & CISBratislava Regional Centre – Europe & CIS
Thank you!Thank you!
For further information visit:For further information visit: http://WaterWiki.net http://WaterWiki.net
