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United States presidential election, 1972

1968 November 7, 1972 1976

All 538 electoral votes of the Electoral College

270 ele ctoral votes nee ded to win

Turnout 55.2%[1]

Nominee Richard Nixon George McGovern

Party Republican Democratic

Home state California South Dakota

Running mate Spiro Agnew Sargent Shriver

(replacing Thomas

Eagleton)

Electoral vote 520 17

States carried 49 1 + DC

Popular vote 47,168,710 29,173,222

Percentage 60.7% 37.5%

Presidential election results map. Red denotes states won by

Nixon/Agnew, Blue denotes those won by McGovern/Shriver. Gray is

the electoral vote for John Hospers by a Virginia faithless elector.

Numbers indicate the number of electoral votes allotted to each state.

President before election

Richard Nixon

Republican

Elected President

Richard Nixon

Republican

United States presidential election, 1972From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The United States presidential election of 1972 was the 47th quadrennial

presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 7, 1972. The Democratic

Party's nomination was eventually won by Senator George McGovern of South

Dakota, who ran an anti-war campaign against incumbent Republican President

RichardNixon, but was handicapped by his outsider status, limited support from

his own party, the perception of many voters that he was a left-wing extremist,

and the scandal that resulted from the firing of vice-presidential nominee Thomas

Eagleton.

Emphasizing a good economy and his successes in foreign affairs, such as coming

near to ending American involvement in Vietnam and establishing relations with

China, Nixon won the election in a landslide. Overall, Nixon won 60.7% of the

popular vote, a percentage only slightly lower than Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964,

but with a larger margin of victory in the popular vote (23.2%), the fourth largest

in presidential election history. He received almost 18 million more popular votes

than McGovern, the widest margin of any United States presidential election.

McGovern only won the electoral votes of Massachusetts and the District of

Columbia. No candidate since had managed to equal or surpass Nixon's total

percentage or margin of the popular vote, and his electoral vote total and

percentage has been surpassed only once by Ronald Reagan in 1984.

Also in this election, Shirley Chisholm became the first African American to run

for a major party nomination, and Patsy Mink was the first Asian American

candidate to run for the Democratic Party nomination. It also was the first time

that Hawaii was carried by a Republican, becoming the last of the 50 states to do

so. Together with the House and Senate elections of 1972, it was the first

electoral event in which people aged 18 to 20 could vote in any state, according

to the provisions of the Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States

Constitution. This is also the most recent presidential election where at least one

electoral vote was won by a candidate who, at the time of the election, was

neither a Republican or Democrat.

Contents1 Democratic nomination

1.1 Candidates gallery

1.2 Primaries

1.3 Primary results

1.4 Notable endorsements

1.5 1972 Democratic National Convention

1.6 The vice presidential vote

2 Republican nomination

2.1 Candidates gallery

2.2 Primaries

2.3 Primary results

2.4 Convention3 Third parties

4 General election

4.1 Campaign

4.2 Results

4.2.1 Results by state

4.3 Close States

5 Scandals

5.1 Watergate

5.2 Corporate campaign contributions

6 See also

7 References

8 Bibliography and further reading

9 External links

Democratic nomination

Main article: Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1972

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Overall, 15 people declared their candidacy for the Democratic Party nomination. They were:[2]

George McGovern, Senator from South Dakota

Hubert Humphrey, Senator from Minnesota and former Vice President

George Wallace, Governor of Alabama

Edmund Muskie, Senator from Maine

Eugene J. McCarthy, former Senator from Minnesota

Henry M. Jackson, Senator from Washington

Shirley Chisholm, Representative of New York's 12th congressional district

Terry Sanford, former Governor of North Carolina

John Lindsay, Mayor of New York City, New YorkWilbur Mills, Representative of Arkansas's 2nd congressional district

Vance Hartke, Senator from Indiana

Fred Harris, Senator from Oklahoma

Sam Yorty, Mayor of Los Angeles, California

Patsy Mink, Representative of Hawaii's 2nd congressional district

Walter Fauntroy, Delegate from Washington, D.C.

Candidates gallery

SenatorGeorge

McGovern of South

Dakota

Senator and former Vice

President Hubert

Humphrey of

Minnesota

GovernorGeorge

Wallace of Alabama

SenatorEdmund

Muskie of Maine

Former SenatorEugene

McCarthy of Minnesota

SenatorHenry M.

Jackson of Washington

Representative Shirley

Chisholm of New York

Former GovernorTerry

Sanford of North

Carolina

MayorJohn Lindsay of

New York

Representative Wilbur

Mills of Arkansas

SenatorVance Hartke

of Indiana

SenatorFred R. Harris

of Oklahoma

Representative Patsy

Minkof Hawaii

U.S. Congressional

Delegate Walter

Fauntroy of

Washington, D.C.

Primaries

See also: George McGovern presidential campaign, 1972

Senate Majority Whip Ted Kennedy, the youngest brother of former President John F. Kennedy and former Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, was

the favorite to win the 1972 nomination, but he announced he would not be a candidate.[3] The favorite for the Democratic nomination then became Ed

Muskie,[4] the 1968 vice-presidential nominee.[5] Muskie's momentum collapsed just prior to the New Hampshire primary, when the so-called "Canuck

letter" was published in theManchester Union-Leader. The letter, actually a forgery from Nixon's "dirty tricks" unit, claimed that Muskie had made

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Statewide contest by winner

disparaging remarks about French-Canadians a remark likely to injure Muskie's support among the French-American population in northern New

England. Subsequently, the paper published an attack on the character of Muskie's wife Jane, reporting that she drank and used off-color language during

the campaign. Muskie made an emotional defense of his wife in a speech outside the newspaper's offices during a snowstorm. Though Muskie later stated

that what had appeared to the press as tears were actually melted snowflakes, the press reported that Muskie broke down and cried, shattering the

candidate's image as calm and reasoned.[6]

Nearly two years before the election, South Dakota Senator George McGovern entered the race as an anti-war, progressive candidate.[7] McGovern was

able to pull together support from the anti-war movement and other grassroots support to win the nomination in a primary system he had played a

significant part in designing.

On January 25, 1972, New York Representative Shirley Chisholm announced she would run, and became the first African American woman to run for the

Democratic or Republican presidential nomination. Hawaii Representative Patsy Mink also announced she would run and became the first Asian American

to run for the Democratic presidential nomination.[8]

On April 25, George McGovern won the Massachusetts primary. Two days later, journalist Robert Novak claimed in a column that a Democratic senator

whom he did not name said of McGovern: "The people don't know McGovern is for amnesty, abortion, and legalization of pot. Once middle America

Catholic middle America, in particular finds this out, he's dead." The label stuck and McGovern became known as the candidate of "amnesty, abortion,

and acid." It became Humphrey's battle cry to stop McGovern especially in the Nebraska primary. [9][10]

Alabama Governor George Wallace, an anti-integrationist, did well in the South (he won every county in the Florida primary) and in the North among

alienated and dissatisfied voters. What might have become a forceful campaign was cut short when Wallace was shot in an assassination attempt by Arthur

Bremer on May 15. Wallace was struck by four bullets and left paralyzed. The day after the assassination attempt, Wallace won the Michigan and

Maryland primaries, but the shooting effectively ended his campaign.

In the end, McGovern won the nomination by winning primaries through grassroots support in spite of establishment opposition. McGovern had led acommission to re-design the Democratic nomination system after the divisive nomination struggle and convention of 1968. The fundamental principle of the

McGovern Commissionthat the Democratic primaries should determine the winner of the Democratic nominationhave lasted throughout every

subsequent nomination contest. However, the new rules angered many prominent Democrats whose influence was marginalized, and those politicians

refused to support McGovern's campaign (some even supporting Nixon instead), leaving the McGovern campaign at a significant disadvantage in funding

compared to Nixon.

Primary results

Primaries popular vote results:[11]

Hubert Humphrey 4,121,372 (25.77%)

George McGovern 4,053,451 (25.34%)

George Wallace 3,755,424 (23.48%)Edmund Muskie 1,840,217 (11.51%)

Eugene McCarthy 553,990 (3.46%)

Henry M. Jackson 505,198 (3.16%)

Shirley Chisholm 430,703 (2.69%)

Terry Sanford 331,415 (2.07%)

John Lindsay 196,406 (1.23%)

Samuel Yorty 79,446 (0.50%)

Wilbur Mills 37,401 (0.23%)

Walter E. Fauntroy 21,217 (0.13%)

Unpledged 19,533 (0.12%)

Ted Kennedy 16,693 (0.10%)

Vance Hartke 11,798 (0.07%)

Patsy Mink 8,286 (0.05%)

None 6,269 (0.04%)

Notable endorsements

Edmund Muskie

Former Governor and Secretary of Commerce W. Averell Harriman of New York[11]

Senator Harold Hughes of Iowa[11]

Senator Birch Bayh of Indiana[11]

Senator Adlai Stevenson III of Illinois[12]

Senator Mike Gravel of Alaska[13]

Former Senator Stephen M. Young of Ohio[14]

Governor Milton Shapp of Pennsylvania[11]

Former Governor Michael DiSalle of Ohio[14]

Ohio State Treasurer Gertrude W. Donahey[15]

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Video from the Florida conventions

Astronaut John Glenn of Ohio[15]

Hubert Humphrey

Mayor Jack Sensenbrenner of Columbus, Ohio[16]

George McGovern

Senator Frank Church of Idaho[11]

Senator John V. Tunney of California[11]

George Wallace

Former Governor Lester Maddox of Georgia[11]

Shirley Chisholm

Representative Ron Dellums of California[11]

Feminist leader and author Betty Friedan[17]

Reverend Jesse Jackson of Illinois[11]

Feminist leader, journalist, and DNC official Gloria Steinem[18]

Terry Sanford

Former President Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas[19]

Henry M. Jackson

Governor Jimmy Carter of Georgia[20]

1972 Democratic National Convention

Main article: 1972 Democratic National Convent ion

Results:

George McGovern 1864.95Henry M. Jackson 525

George Wallace 381.7

Shirley Chisholm 151.95

Terry Sanford 77.5

Hubert Humphrey 66.7

Wilbur Mills 33.8

Edmund Muskie 24.3

Ted Kennedy 12.7

Sam Yorty 10

Wayne Hays 5

John Lindsay 5

Fred Harris 2

Eugene McCarthy 2Walter Mondale 2

Ramsey Clark 1

Walter Fauntroy 1

Vance Hartke 1

Harold Hughes 1

Patsy Mink 1

The vice presidential vote

With hundreds of delegates angry at McGovern for one reason or another, the vote was chaotic, with at least three other candidates having their names put

into nomination and votes scattered over 70 candidates.[21] The eventual winner was Senator Thomas Eagleton.

The vice-presidential balloting went on so long that McGovern and Eagleton were forced to make their acceptance speeches at around two in the morning,

local time.

After the convention ended, it was discovered that Eagleton had undergone psychiatric electroshock therapy for depression and had concealed this

information from McGovern. A Time magazine poll taken at the time found that 77 percent of the respondents said "Eagleton's medical record would not

affect their vote." Nonetheless, the press made frequent references to his "shock therapy," and McGovern feared that this would detract from his campaign

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platform.[22] McGovern subsequently consulted confidentially with preeminent psychiatrists, including Eagleton's own doctors, who advised him that a

recurrence of Eagleton's depression was possible and could endanger the country should Eagleton become president. [23][24][25][26][27] McGovern had

initially claimed that he would back Eagleton "1000 percent," only to ask Eagleton to withdraw three days later. This perceived lack of conviction in sticking

with his running mate was disastrous for the McGovern campaign.

After a week in which six prominent Democrats refused the vice-presidential nomination, Sargent Shriver, brother-in-law to John, Robert, and Ted

Kennedy, former Ambassador to France and former Director of the Peace Corps, accepted. He was officially nominated by a special session of the

Democratic National Committee. By this time, McGovern's poll ratings had plunged from 41 to 24 percent.

Republican nomination

Republican candidates:

Richard Nixon, President of the United States

Pete McCloskey, Representative from California

John M. Ashbrook, Representative from Ohio

Candidates gallery

President Richard

Nixon

Representative John

Ashbrookof Ohio

Representative Pete

McCloskey of

California

Primaries

Richard Nixon was a popular incumbent president in 1972, as he was credited with achieving dtente with the People's Republic of China and the Soviet

Union. Polls showed that Nixon held a strong lead in the Republican primaries. He was challenged by two candidates, liberal Pete McCloskey of Californiaand conservative John Ashbrook of Ohio. McCloskey ran as an anti-war candidate, while Ashbrook opposed Nixon's dtente policies towards China and

the Soviet Union. In the New Hampshire primary McCloskey garnered 19.8% of the vote to Nixon's 67.6%, with Ashbrook receiving 9.7%. [28] Nixon

won 1323 of the 1324 delegates to the Republican convention, with McCloskey receiving the vote of one delegate from New Mexico.

Primary results

Primaries popular vote result:[29]

Richard Nixon 5,378,704 (86.92%)

Unpledged 317,048 (5.12%)

John Ashbrook 311,543 (5.03%)

Pete McCloskey 132,731 (2.15%)

Convention

Seven members of Vietnam Veterans Against the War were brought on federal charges for conspiring to disrupt the Republican convention. [30] They were

acquitted by a federal jury in Gainesville, Florida.[30]

Third parties

The only major third party candidate in the 1972 election was conservative Republican Representative John G. Schmitz, who ran on the American Party

ticket (the party on whose ballot George Wallace ran in 1968). He was on the ballot in 32 states and received 1,099,482 votes. Unlike Wallace, however,

he did not win a majority of votes cast in any state, and received no electoral votes.

John Hospers of the newly formed Libertarian Party was on the ballot only in Colorado and Washington and received 3,573 votes, winning no states.

However, he did receive one electoral vote from Virginia from a Republican faithless elector (see below). The Libertarian vice-presidential nomineeTheodora "Tonie" Nathan became the first woman in U.S. history to receive an electoral vote. [31]

Linda Jenness was nominated by the Socialist Workers Party, with Andrew Pulley as her running-mate. Benjamin Spock and Julius Hobson were

nominated for president and vice-president, respectively by, the People's Party.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Party_(United_States,_1970s)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Hobsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Spockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Pulleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda_Jennesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonie_Nathanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faithless_electorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_(state)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hospershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Wallacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Independent_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_G._Schmitzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_party_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gainesville,_Floridahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_Veterans_Against_the_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_McCloskeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ashbrookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshire_primaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9tentehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ashbrookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_McCloskeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_liberalism_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9tentehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_M._Ashbrookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representativeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_McCloskeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_National_Committeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Corpshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Corps#Directorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sargent_Shriverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_McCloskeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representativeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ashbrookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representativeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States

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Libertarian

nominee John

Hospers

Richard Nixon during an August 1972

campaign stop

George McGovern speaking

at an October 1972

campaign rally

Election results by county.

Richard Nixon

George McGovern

1972 Presidential Election, Results by Congress ional District

General election

Campaign

McGovern ran on a platform of immediately ending the Vietnam War and instituting guaranteed minimum incomes

for the nation's poor. His campaign was harmed by his views during the primaries (which alienated many

powerful Democrats), the perception that his foreign policy was too extreme, and the Eagleton debacle. With

McGovern's campaign weakened by these factors, the Republicans successfully portrayed him as a radical left-

wing extremist incompetent to serve as president. Nixon led in the polls by large margins throughout the entire

campaign. He ran a campaign with an aggressive policy of keeping tabs on perceived enemies, and his aides

committed the Watergate burglary to steal Democratic Party information during the campaign.

Results

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Democratic_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watergate_burglarieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_polling_for_U.S._Presidential_elections#United_States_presidential_election.2C_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guaranteed_minimum_incomehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1972_Presidential_Election,_Results_by_Congressional_District.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_McGovernhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1972prescountymap2.PNGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:George_McGovern_UH.jpeghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Richard_Nixon_greeted_by_children_during_campaign_1972.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_Hospers.jpg

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Nixon's percentage of the popular vote was only slightly less than Lyndon Johnson's record in the 1964 election, and his margin of victory was slightly

larger. Nixon won a majority vote in 49 states, including McGovern's home state of South Dakota. Only Massachusetts and the District of Columbia voted

for the challenger, resulting in an even more lopsided Electoral College tally. The election saw the lowest voter turnout for a presidential election since 1948,

with only 55 percent of the electorate voting, perhaps because of voter apathy caused by the foregone conclusion of a Nixon landslide. It was also the first

election since 1808 in which New York did not have the largest number of electors in the Electoral College, having fallen to 41 electors versus California's

45.

Although the McGovern campaign believed that its candidate would win because of the new Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution

that lowered the national voting age to 18 from 21, a majority of those under 21 voted for Nixon. [32] The 1972 election was the first in American history in

which a Republican candidate carried every single Southern state, continuing the region's transformation from a Democratic bastion into a Republican one.

By this time, all the Southern states except Arkansas and Texas had been carried by a Republican in either the previous election or the 1964 election. As aresult of this election, Massachusetts was the only state not to be carried by Nixon in any of his three presidential campaigns. As of 2012, this is also the

last election where Minnesota was carried by the Republican candidate (Minnesota later being the only state not won by Ronald Reagan in either 1980 or

1984). This election also made Nixon the second former Vice President in American history to be elected and reelected, after Thomas Jefferson in 1800

and 1804.

Presidential candidate PartyHome

state

Popular voteElectoral

vote

Running mate

Count PctVice-presidential

candidateHome state

Elect.

vote

Richard Milhous Nixon Republican California 47,168,710 60.67% 520 Spiro Theodore Agnew Maryland 520

George Stanley

McGovernDemocratic

South

Dakota29,173,222 37.52% 17 Robert Sargent Shriver Maryland 17

John G. Schmitz AmericanIndependent

California 1,100,868 1.42% 0 Thomas J. Anderson Tennessee 0

Linda Jenness Socialist Workers Georgia 83,380(b) 0.11% 0 Andrew Pulley Illinois 0

Benjamin Spock People's California 78,759 0.10% 0 Julius HobsonDistrict of

Columbia0

Louis Fisher Socialist Labor Illinois 53,814 0.07% 0 Genevieve Gunderson Minnesota 0

Gus Hall Communist New York 25,597 0.03% 0 Jarvis Tyner Pennsylvania 0

Evelyn Reed Socialist Workers New York 13,878 0.02% 0 Clifton DeBerry Illinois 0

E. Harold Munn Prohibition Michigan 13,497 0.02% 0 Marshall Uncapher Kansas 0

John G. Hospers Libertarian California 3,674 0.00% 1(a) Theodora Nathan Oregon 1(a)

Other 28,628 0.04% Other

Total 77,744,027 100% 538 538

Needed to win 270 270

Source (Popular Vote): Leip, David. 1972 Presidential Election Results (http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?

year=1972&f=0&off=0&elect=0). Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections (http://uselectionatlas.org) (August 7, 2005). Source (Electoral

Vote): Electoral College Box Scores 17891996 (http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/scores.html#1972). Official website of the

ational Archives (http://www.archives.gov). (August 7, 2005). Source (Close States): http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/stats.php?

year=1972&f=0&off=0&elect=0 (Retrieved: January 24, 2013).

(a)A Virginia faithless elector, Roger MacBride, though pledged to vote for Richard Nixon and Spiro Agnew, instead voted for Libertarian candidates John

Hospers and Theodora "Tonie" Nathan.[31]

(b)

In Arizona, Pima and Yavapai counties had a ballot malfunction that counted many votes for both a major party candidate and Linda Jenness of theSocialist Workers Party. A court ordered that the ballots be counted for both. As a consequence, Jenness received 16% and 8% of the vote in Pima and

Yavapai, respectively. 30,579 of her 30,945 Arizona votes are from those two counties. Some sources do not count these votes for Jenness.

Popular vote

Nixon 60.67%

McGovern 37.52%

Schmitz 1.42%

Others 0.4%

Electoral vote

Nixon 96.65%

McGovern 3.16%

Hospers 0.19%

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arizonahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodora_%22Tonie%22_Nathanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hospershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiro_Agnewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_MacBridehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faithless_electorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginiahttp://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/stats.php?year=1972&f=0&off=0&elect=0http://www.archives.gov/http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/scores.html#1972http://uselectionatlas.org/http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1972&f=0&off=0&elect=0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodora_Nathanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hospershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marshall_Uncapher&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michiganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prohibition_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._Harold_Munnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinoishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifton_DeBerryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evelyn_Reedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarvis_Tynerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_USAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gus_Hallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesotahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Genevieve_Gunderson&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinoishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Labor_Party_of_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Fisherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_of_Columbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Hobsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Party_(United_States,_1970s)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Spockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinoishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Pulleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linda_Jennesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennesseehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Andersonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Independent_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_G._Schmitzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marylandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R._Sargent_Shriverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakotahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_McGovernhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marylandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiro_T._Agnewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1804http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1800http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jeffersonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1984http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1980http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_Southhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Southhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_(U.S.)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-sixth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1808http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1948http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_of_Columbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusettshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakotahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1964

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Results by county, shaded according to winning candidate's percentage of the vote

Results by state

[33]

States/districts won by Nixon/Agnew

States/districts won by McGovern/Shriver

Richard Nixon

Republican

George McGovern

Democratic

John Schmitz

American IndependentMargin State Total

State electoralvotes

# % electoralvotes

# % electoralvotes

# % electoralvotes

# % #

Alabama 9 728,701 72.43 9 256,923 25.54 - 11,918 1.18 - 471,778 46.89 1,006,093 AL

Alaska 3 55,349 58.13 3 32,967 34.62 - 6,903 7.25 - 22,382 23.51 95,219 AK

Arizona 6 402,812 61.64 6 198,540 30.38 - 21,208 3.25 - 204,272 31.26 653,505 AZ

Arkansas 6 445,751 68.82 6 198,899 30.71 - 3,016 0.47 - 246,852 38.11 647,666 AR

California 45 4,602,096 55.00 45 3,475,847 41.54 - 232,554 2.78 - 1,126,249 13.46 8,367,862 CA

Colorado 7 597,189 62.61 7 329,980 34.59 - 17,269 1.81 - 267,209 28.01 953,884 CO

Connecticut 8 810,763 58.57 8 555,498 40.13 - 17,239 1.25 - 255,265 18.44 1,384,277 CT

Delaware 3 140,357 59.60 3 92,283 39.18 - 2,638 1.12 - 48,074 20.41 235,516 DE

D.C. 3 35,226 21.56 - 127,627 78.10 3 - - - -92,401 -56.54 163,421 DC

Florida 17 1,857,759 71.91 17 718,117 27.80 - - - - 1,139,642 44.12 2,583,283 FL

Georgia 12 881,496 75.04 12 289,529 24.65 - 812 0.07 - 591,967 50.39 1,174,772 GA

Hawaii 4 168,865 62.48 4 101,409 37.52 - - - - 67,456 24.96 270,274 HI

Idaho 4 199,384 64.24 4 80,826 26.04 - 28,869 9.30 - 118,558 38.20 310,379 ID

Illinois 26 2,788,179 59.03 26 1,913,472 40.51 - 2,471 0.05 - 874,707 18.52 4,723,236 IL

Indiana 13 1,405,154 66.11 13 708,568 33.34 - - - - 696,586 32.77 2,125,529 IN

Iowa 8 706,207 57.61 8 496,206 40.48 - 22,056 1.80 - 210,001 17.13 1,225,944 IA

Kansas 7 619,812 67.66 7 270,287 29.50 - 21,808 2.38 - 349,525 38.15 916,095 KS

Kentucky 9 676,446 63.37 9 371,159 34.77 - 17,627 1.65 - 305,287 28.60 1,067,499 KY

Louisiana 10 686,852 65.32 10 298,142 28.35 - 52,099 4.95 - 388,710 36.97 1,051,491 LA

Maine 4 256,458 61.46 4 160,584 38.48 - 117 0.03 - 95,874 22.98 417,271 ME

Maryland 10 829,305 61.26 10 505,781 37.36 - 18,726 1.38 - 323,524 23.90 1,353,812 MD

Massachusetts 14 1,112,078 45.23 - 1,332,540 54.20 14 2,877 0.12 - -220,462 -8.97 2,458,756 MA

Michigan 21 1,961,721 56.20 21 1,459,435 41.81 - 63,321 1.81 - 502,286 14.39 3,490,325 MI

Minnesota 10 898,269 51.58 10 802,346 46.07 - 31,407 1.80 - 95,923 5.51 1,741,652 MN

Mississippi 7 505,125 78.20 7 126,782 19.63 - 11,598 1.80 - 378,343 58.57 645,963 MS

Missouri 12 1,154,058 62.29 12 698,531 37.71 - - - - 455,527 24.59 1,852,589 MO

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Missouri,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Mississippi,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Minnesota,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Michigan,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts,_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Maryland,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Maine,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Kansas,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Iowa,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Indiana,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Idaho,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Hawaii,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Georgia,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Florida,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_the_District_of_Columbia,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Delaware,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Connecticut,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Colorado,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_California,_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Arkansas,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Arizona,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Alaska,_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Alabama,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sargent_Shriverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_McGovernhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiro_Agnewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon

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Montana 4 183,976 57.93 4 120,197 37.85 - 13,430 4.23 - 63,779 20.08 317,603 MT

Nebraska 5 406,298 70.50 5 169,991 29.50 - - - - 236,307 41.00 576,289 NE

Nevada 3 115,750 63.68 3 66,016 36.32 - - - - 49,734 27.36 181,766 NV

New

Hampshire4 213,724 63.98 4 116,435 34.86 - 3,386 1.01 - 97,289 29.12 334,055 NH

New Jersey 17 1,845,502 61.57 17 1,102,211 36.77 - 34,378 1.15 - 743,291 24.80 2,997,229 NJ

New Mexico 4 235,606 61.05 4 141,084 36.56 - 8,767 2.27 - 94,522 24.49 385,931 NM

New York 41 4,192,778 58.54 41 2,951,084 41.21 - - - - 1,241,694 17.34 7,161,830 NYNorth

Carolina13 1,054,889 69.46 13 438,705 28.89 - 25,018 1.65 - 616,184 40.58 1,518,612 NC

North Dakota 3 174,109 62.07 3 100,384 35.79 - 5,646 2.01 - 73,725 26.28 280,514 ND

Ohio 25 2,441,827 59.63 25 1,558,889 38.07 - 80,067 1.96 - 882,938 21.56 4,094,787 OH

Oklahoma 8 759,025 73.70 8 247,147 24.00 - 23,728 2.30 - 511,878 49.70 1,029,900 OK

Oregon 6 486,686 52.45 6 392,760 42.33 - 46,211 4.98 - 93,926 10.12 927,946 OR

Pennsylvania 27 2,714,521 59.11 27 1,796,951 39.13 - 70,593 1.54 - 917,570 19.98 4,592,105 PA

Rhode Island 4 220,383 53.00 4 194,645 46.81 - 25 0.01 - 25,738 6.19 415,808 RI

South

Carolina 8 478,427 70.58 8 189,270 27.92 - 10,166 1.50 - 289,157 42.66 677,880 SC

South Dakota 4 166,476 54.15 4 139,945 45.52 - - - - 26,531 8.63 307,415 SD

Tennessee 10 813,147 67.70 10 357,293 29.75 - 30,373 2.53 - 455,854 37.95 1,201,182 TN

Texas 26 2,298,896 66.20 26 1,154,291 33.24 - 7,098 0.20 - 1,144,605 32.96 3,472,714 TX

Utah 4 323,643 67.64 4 126,284 26.39 - 28,549 5.97 - 197,359 41.25 478,476 UT

Vermont 3 117,149 62.66 3 68,174 36.47 - - - - 48,975 26.20 186,947 VT

Virginia 12 988,493 67.84 11 438,887 30.12 - 19,721 1.35 - 549,606 37.72 1,457,019 VA

Washington 9 837,135 56.92 9 568,334 38.64 - 58,906 4.00 - 268,801 18.28 1,470,847 WA

West Virginia 6 484,964 63.61 6 277,435 36.39 - - - - 207,529 27.22 762,399 WV

Wisconsin 11 989,430 53.40 11 810,174 43.72 - 47,525 2.56 - 179,256 9.67 1,852,890 WI

Wyoming 3 100,464 69.01 3 44,358 30.47 - 748 0.51 - 56,106 38.54 145,570 WY

TOTALS: 538 47,168,710 60.67 520 29,173,222 37.52 17 1,100,868 1.42 - 17,995,488 23.15 77,744,027 US

Close States

States where margin of victory was more than 5 percentage points, but less than 10 percentage points (43 electoral votes):

1. Minnesota, 5.51%

2. Rhode Island, 6.19%

3. South Dakota, 8.63%

4. Massachusetts, 8.97%5. Wisconsin, 9.67%

Scandals

Watergate

On June 17, five months before election day, five men broke into the Democratic National Convention headquarters at the Watergate hotel in Washington,

D.C.; the resulting investigation led to the revelation of attempted cover-ups within the Nixon administration. Known as the Watergate scandal, the exposed

corruption cost Nixon public and political support, and he resigned on August 9, 1974, in the face of probable impeachment charges by Congress.

Corporate campaign contributions

As part of the continuing investigation in 197475, Watergate scandal prosecutors offered companies that had given illegal campaign contributions to

Nixon's re-election campaign lenient sentences if they came forward.[34] Many companies complied, including Northrop Grumman, 3M, American Airlines

and Braniff Airlines.[34] By 1976, prosecutors had convicted 18 American corporations of contributing illegally to Nixon's campaign.[34]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braniff_Airlineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Airlineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Mhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_Grummanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watergate_scandalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watergate_scandalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watergate_hotelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_National_Conventionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Wyoming,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Wisconsin,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_West_Virginia,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Washington_(state),_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Virginia,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Vermont,_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Utah,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Tennessee,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Dakota,_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_South_Carolina,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Rhode_Island,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Pennsylvania,_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Oregon,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Oklahoma,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Ohio,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Dakota,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_North_Carolina,_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_New_York,_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Mexico,_1972http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Jersey,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Nevada,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_election_in_Nebraska,_1972&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_in_Montana,_1972

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See also

George McGovern presidential campaign, 1972

Fear and Loathing on the Campaign Trail '72, a collection of articles by Hunter S. Thompson on the subject of the election, focusing on the

McGovern campaign.

References

1. ^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections" (http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/index.html). uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2012-10-21.

2. ^ "US President - D Primaries" (http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=46950). Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2012-03-16.

3. ^ Jack Anderson (1971-06-04). "Don't count out Ted Kennedy" (http://news.google.com/newspapers?

id=ON9LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=q4oDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5489,4273487&dq=ted+kennedy+presidential+campaign&hl=en). The Free LanceStar. Retrieved 2012-

03-16.

4. ^ Frum, David (2000). How We Got Here: The '70s. New York, New York: Basic Books. p. 298. ISBN 0-465-04195-7.

5. ^ "Muskie, Edmund Sixtus, (1914 - 1996)" (http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M001121). United States Congress .

6. ^ "Remembering Ed Muskie (http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/remember/muskie_3-26.html)", Online NewsHour, PBS, March 26, 1996.

7. ^ R. W. Apple, Jr. (1971-01-18). "McGovern Enters '72 Race, Pledging Troop Withdrawal" (http://select.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?

res=F30C11F7345C107B93CBA8178AD85F458785F9) (fee required). The New York Times. p. 1. Retrieved 2012-03-16.

8. ^ Jo Freeman (February 2005). "Shirley Chisholm's 1972 Presidential Campaign"

(http://www.uic.edu/orgs/cwluherstory/jofreeman/polhistory/chisholm.htm). University of Illinois at Chicago Women's History Project.

9. ^ Robert D. Novak (2008). The Prince of Darkness: 50 Years Reporting in Washington (http://books.google.com/books?id=7Cq-v7M6N74C&pg=PA225).

Random House Digital, Inc. p. 225.

10. ^ Nancy L. Cohen (2012). Delirium: The Politics of Sex in America (http://books.google.com/books?id=oSUe4nZO1_YC&pg=PA37). Counterpoint Press .

pp. 3738.11. ^ abcdefghij"D Primaries Race Mar 07, 1972" (http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=46950). US President. Our Campaigns.

Retrieved 2008-09-21.

12. ^ "D Primary Race Mar 21, 1972" (http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36023). IL US President. Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2008-

09-21.

13. ^ "More Muskie Support" (http://select.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F00D16F83C591A7493C7A8178AD85F468785F9). New York Times. 1972-01-

15. Retrieved 2008-09-27.

14. ^ ab "Stephen M. Young" (http://www .ourcampaigns.c om/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=11755). Candidate. Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2008-09-21.

15. ^ ab "Gertrude W. Donahey" (http://www .ourc ampaigns.c om/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=10820). Candidate. Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2008-09-

21.

16. ^ "D Primary Race May 2, 1972" (http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36076). OH US President. Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2008-

09-21.

17. ^Life So Far: A Memoir Google Books (http://books.google.com/?id=Bb1kkyv9e5wC&pg=PA250&lpg=PA250&dq=Friedan+chisholm).

Books.google.com. 2006-08-01. ISBN 978-0-7432-9986-2. Retrieved 2010-05-28.

18. ^ "POV Chisholm '72 . Video: Gloria Steinem reflects on Chisholm's legacy" (http://www.pbs.org/pov/chisholm/special_ticket_02.php). PBS. Retrieved

2010-05-28.

19. ^Terry Sanford: politics, progress ... Google Books (http://books.google.com/?

id=QN93ENX3_3sC&pg=PP4&lpg=PP4&dq=Terry+Sanford+%2B+Johnson+%2B+1972#v=snippet&q=ranch&f=false). Books.google.com. 1999.

ISBN 978-0-8223-2356-3. Retrieved 2010-05-28.

20. ^ "D Convention Race Jul 10, 1972" (http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=58482). US President. Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2008-09-

21.

21. ^ "All Politics: CNN Time. "All The Votes...Really"" (http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/conventions/chicago/facts/weird.facts/votes.shtml).

Cnn.com. Retrieved 2010-05-28.

22. ^ Garofoli, Joe (2008-03-26). "Obama bounces back speech seemed to help" (http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?

f=/c/a/2008/03/26/MN9NVQGO2.DTL). Sfgate.com. Retrieved 2010-05-28.

23. ^ McGovern, George S., Grassroots: The Autobiography of George McGovern, New York: Random House, 1977, pp. 214-215

24. ^ McGovern, George S., Terry: My Daughter's Life-and-Death Struggle with Alcoholism, New York: Random House, 1996, pp. 97

25. ^ Marano, Richard Michael, Vote Your Conscience: The Last Campaign of George McGovern, Praeger Publishers, 2003, pp. 7

26. ^The Washington Post, "George McGovern & the Coldest Plunge", Paul Hendrickson, September 28, 1983

27. ^The New York Times, "'Trashing' Candidates" (op-ed), George McGovern, May 11, 198328. ^ http://www.primarynewhampshire.com/new-hampshire-primary-past-results.php

29. ^ "R Primaries Race Mar 07, 1972" (http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=46959). US President. Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2008-09-

21.

30. ^ ab Frum, David (2000). How We Got Here: The '70s. New York, New York: Basic Books. p. 52. ISBN 0-465-04195-7.

31. ^ ab "Libertarians trying to escape obscurity" (http://news .google.com/newspapers?id=q6tVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=A-

EDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3741,7501174&dq=john-hospers+electoral+vote+1972&hl=en). Eugene Register-Guard. Associated Press. December 30, 1973.

Retrieved July 30, 2012.

32. ^ Walker, Jesse (2008-07). "The Age of Nixon: Rick Perlstein on the left, the right, the '60s, and the illusion of consensus"

(http://reason.com/archives/2008/06/10/the-age-of-nixon). Reason. Retrieved 27 July 2013.

33. ^ "1972 Presidential General Election Data - National" (http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?

year=1972&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0). Retrieved March 18, 2013.

34. ^ abc Frum, David (2000). How We Got Here: The '70s. New York, New York: Basic Books. p. 31. ISBN 0-465-04195-7.

Bibliography and further reading

Giglio, James N. "The Eagleton Affair: Thomas Eagleton, George McGovern, and the 1972 Vice Presidential Nomination,"Presidential Studies

Quarterly, Dec 2009, Vol. 39 Issue 4, pp 647676

Graebner, Norman A. "Presidential Politics in a Divided America: 1972,"Australian Journal of Politics & History, March 1973, Vol. 19 Issue 1,

pp 2847

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Frumhttp://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/data.php?year=1972&datatype=national&def=1&f=0&off=0&elect=0http://reason.com/archives/2008/06/10/the-age-of-nixonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_Register-Guardhttp://news.google.com/newspapers?id=q6tVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=A-EDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3741,7501174&dq=john-hospers+electoral+vote+1972&hl=enhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Frumhttp://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=46959http://www.primarynewhampshire.com/new-hampshire-primary-past-results.phphttp://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/03/26/MN9NVQGO2.DTLhttp://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/conventions/chicago/facts/weird.facts/votes.shtmlhttp://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=58482http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-2356-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://books.google.com/?id=QN93ENX3_3sC&pg=PP4&lpg=PP4&dq=Terry+Sanford+%2B+Johnson+%2B+1972#v=snippet&q=ranch&f=falsehttp://www.pbs.org/pov/chisholm/special_ticket_02.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-9986-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://books.google.com/?id=Bb1kkyv9e5wC&pg=PA250&lpg=PA250&dq=Friedan+chisholmhttp://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36076http://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=10820http://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=11755http://select.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F00D16F83C591A7493C7A8178AD85F468785F9http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=36023http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=46950http://books.google.com/books?id=oSUe4nZO1_YC&pg=PA37http://books.google.com/books?id=7Cq-v7M6N74C&pg=PA225http://www.uic.edu/orgs/cwluherstory/jofreeman/polhistory/chisholm.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Timeshttp://select.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F30C11F7345C107B93CBA8178AD85F458785F9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R._W._Apple,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_NewsHour_with_Jim_Lehrerhttp://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/remember/muskie_3-26.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congresshttp://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M001121http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-465-04195-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Frumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Free_Lance%E2%80%93Starhttp://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ON9LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=q4oDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5489,4273487&dq=ted+kennedy+presidential+campaign&hl=enhttp://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=46950http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/index.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter_S._Thompsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fear_and_Loathing_on_the_Campaign_Trail_%2772http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_McGovern_presidential_campaign,_1972

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Australian Journal of Politics & History, Mar1973, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p28-47

Hofstetter, C. Richard; Zukin, Cliff. "TV Network News and Advertising in the Nixon and McGovern Campaigns,"Journalism Quarterly, Spring

1979, Vol. 56 Issue 1, pp 106152

Nicholas, H. G. "The 1972 Elections,"Journal of American Studies, April 1973, Vol. 7 Issue 1, pp 115

White, Theodore S. The Making of the President, 1972 (1973)

External links

The Election Wall's 1972 Election Video Page (http://electionwall.org/1972.php)

1972 popular vote by counties (http://geoelections.free.fr/USA/elec_comtes/1972.htm)

1972 popular vote by states (http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/u/usa/pres/1972.txt)

1972 popular vote by states (with bar graphs) (http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/datagraph.php?year=1972&fips=0&f=1&off=0&elect=0)

How close was the 1972 election? (http://web.archive.org/web/20120825102042/http://www.mit.edu/~mi22295/elections.html#1972) Michael

Sheppard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Campaign commercials from the 1972 election (http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1972)

C-SPAN segment on 1972 campaign commercials (http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/153283-1)

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