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Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ......

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Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland Mikko Hupa Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland IEA-FBC Workshop Xian, China, May 17, 2009
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Page 1: Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ... • Tolerance for fuel quality Æmultiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials

Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland

Mikko HupaÅbo Akademi, Turku, Finland

IEA-FBC WorkshopXian, China, May 17, 2009

Page 2: Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ... • Tolerance for fuel quality Æmultiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials

EU Directive on Incineration of Waste Containing Fuels

Acidic Gases• HCl 10 mg/m3n (on-line)• HF 1.0 mg/m3n (on-line)• SO2 50 mg/m3n (on-line)• NOx 200 mg/m3n (on-line)

Dust 10 mg/m3n (on-line)

Heavy Metals• Hg 0.05 mg/m3n (twice a year)• Cd+Tl 0.05 mg/m3n (twice a year)• Sb+As+Co+Cr+

Cu+Pb+Mn+Ni+V 0.5 mg/m3n (twice a year)

Dioxins and furans 0.1 ng/m3n (measurement twice a year)

Page 3: Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ... • Tolerance for fuel quality Æmultiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials

Tilanne avoin

YVA-käsittelyssä

YVA valmis, ei lupakäs.

Lupakäsittelyssä

Luvasta valitettu

Lainvoimainen lupa

Kotka

Myllykoski

Anjalankoski

Kerava

LohjaTurku

Riihimäki

Lahti

Forssa

Rauma KauttuaValkeakoski

Pori

HämeenkyröJämsänkoski

Jyväskylä Kitee

KuopioSeinäjoki

Vaasa

Pietarsaari

Kokkola

Haapavesi Kajaani

Oulu

A

LL

A

A/L

K

A/LL

L L

L

??

L L

A

A

L

L

K KA

A L

L L

A L

POLTTOTEKNIIKKA:A ArinaK KaasutusL Leijupeti? Tekn. avoin

M. Kukkamäki/SYKE

Tilanne avoin

YVA-käsittelyssä

YVA valmis, ei lupakäs.

Lupakäsittelyssä

Luvasta valitettu

Lainvoimainen lupa

Kotka

Myllykoski

Anjalankoski

Kerava

LohjaTurku

Riihimäki

Lahti

Forssa

Rauma KauttuaValkeakoski

Pori

HämeenkyröJämsänkoski

Jyväskylä Kitee

KuopioSeinäjoki

Vaasa

Pietarsaari

Kokkola

Haapavesi Kajaani

Oulu

A

LL

A

A/L

K

A/LL

L L

L

??

L L

A

A

L

L

K KA

A L

L L

A L

POLTTOTEKNIIKKA:A ArinaK KaasutusL Leijupeti? Tekn. avoin

M. Kukkamäki/SYKE

Waste-to-Energy Projects under Planning in Finland.

A = GrateK = GasificationL = FBC

Page 4: Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ... • Tolerance for fuel quality Æmultiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials

BIOMASS GASIFICATION - COAL BOILER - LAHTI PROJECT

Bottomash

Gasifier

Coal

540 °C/170 bar

Processing

Biomass

Fly ash

Pulverized coal flames

Gas flame

Natural Gas

50 MW

300 GWh/a -15 % fuel input

1050 GWh/a -50 %

350 MW

650 GWh/a -35 %

Power* 600 GWh/aDistrict Heat* 1000 GWh/a

CO2 Reduction -10 %

Foster Wheeler

Page 5: Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ... • Tolerance for fuel quality Æmultiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials

CFB Gasifier

850 °C

900 °C

BOTTOM ASH COOLING SCREW

HOT LOW CALORIFICGAS (750 - 650 °C)

UNIFLOW CYCLONE

FUEL FEED

REACTOR

BOTTOM ASH

GASIFICATION AIR FAN

COOLING WATER

AIR PREHEATER

RET

UR

N L

EG

Foster Wheeler

Page 6: Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ... • Tolerance for fuel quality Æmultiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials

WHY WASTE GASIFICATION ?

• Gasification and gas cleaning opens a way to utilize waste and dirty biomass in energy production efficiently and safely

• High efficiency boilers (540 C/160 bar) possible without risk ofcorrosion

• High efficiency and safe co-combustion with other fuels even with reheat boilers

• The Court of Justice of the European Communities EU decided 12/2008 that gas produces by this concept is not any more a waste meaning that more simple emission rules will apply to the gas boiler

Page 7: Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ... • Tolerance for fuel quality Æmultiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials

CFB Gasification & Gas Burningof Municipal Waste

• Possibility to use high steam parameters higher efficiency• Possible to use lower grade waste as a fuel lower fuel cost• Tolerance for fuel quality multiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials in the boiler lower investment cost

1. Fuel handling2. FB gasifier3. Gas cooling4. Gas filter5. Gas fired boiler

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

(Metso Power)

Page 8: Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ... • Tolerance for fuel quality Æmultiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials

Tilanne avoin

YVA-käsittelyssä

YVA valmis, ei lupakäs.

Lupakäsittelyssä

Luvasta valitettu

Lainvoimainen lupa

Kotka

Myllykoski

Anjalankoski

Kerava

LohjaTurku

Riihimäki

Lahti

Forssa

Rauma KauttuaValkeakoski

Pori

HämeenkyröJämsänkoski

Jyväskylä Kitee

KuopioSeinäjoki

Vaasa

Pietarsaari

Kokkola

Haapavesi Kajaani

Oulu

A

LL

A

A/L

K

A/LL

L L

L

??

L L

A

A

L

L

K KA

A L

L L

A L

POLTTOTEKNIIKKA:A ArinaK KaasutusL Leijupeti? Tekn. avoin

M. Kukkamäki/SYKE

Tilanne avoin

YVA-käsittelyssä

YVA valmis, ei lupakäs.

Lupakäsittelyssä

Luvasta valitettu

Lainvoimainen lupa

Kotka

Myllykoski

Anjalankoski

Kerava

LohjaTurku

Riihimäki

Lahti

Forssa

Rauma KauttuaValkeakoski

Pori

HämeenkyröJämsänkoski

Jyväskylä Kitee

KuopioSeinäjoki

Vaasa

Pietarsaari

Kokkola

Haapavesi Kajaani

Oulu

A

LL

A

A/L

K

A/LL

L L

L

??

L L

A

A

L

L

K KA

A L

L L

A L

POLTTOTEKNIIKKA:A ArinaK KaasutusL Leijupeti? Tekn. avoin

M. Kukkamäki/SYKE

Waste-to-Energy Projects under Planning in Finland.

(Kukkamäki 2005).

A = GrateK = GasificationL = FBC

Page 9: Waste and Fludized Bed Technology in Finland · PDF file• High efficiency boilers ... • Tolerance for fuel quality Æmultiple fuel sources, less corrosion • Less expensive materials

Waste and Fluidized Bed Technology in Finland

• FB combustion of waste – often co-fired with other fuels - becoming important

• Air-blown FB gasification combined with gas burning in a boiler with high steam data


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