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www.unisdr.org

Making Disaster Risk Reduction Gender Sensitive

Workshop of GenCap Advisors 21 February, 2012

Ramada Encore Hotel,La Praille, Geneva

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What is disaster risk reduction (DRR)? What is disaster management (DM)? What is disaster risk management (DRM)? What is the interface of climate change

adaptation, DRR and DM? What progress has been made and what are

the challenges? What can we to make DRR and DM gender

sensitive?

Overview

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The focus of disaster risk reduction

Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (See print out)

RISK FACTORSVulnerability· Social· Economic· Physical· Environmental

Hazards· Geological· Hydrometeorological· Biological· Technological· Environmental

DISASTERIMPACT

Socio-cultural

Sustainable development context

Political

Ecos

yste

ms

/ Env

ironm

enta

l

Economic

EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT

PREPAREDNESS HFA Priority 5

RECOVERY

RISK IDENTIFICATION &IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Vulnerability /capability analysis

Hazard analysis& monitoring

EARLY WARNING

HFA Priority 2

AWARENESS RAISINGfor change in behavior

KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT

· Information· Education & training· Research

HFA Priority 3

REDUCE UNDERLYING RISK FACTORS· Environmental management

· Networking and partnerships

- land-use/urban planning- protection of critical facilities

· Social and economic development practices (includingpoverty alleviation, livelihoods, agriculture, etc.)

financial mechanisms, health,

· Physical and technical measures

HFA Priority 4

POLITICAL COMMITMENT

- policy development

International, regional, national, local levels

- legislation and codes - organizational development

·

·

· Institutional framework (governance)

Community actions

HFA Priority 1

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Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction

76% of all disaster events areclimate-related, accounting for 45% of deaths and 79% of economic losses

We must reduce underlying risks and vulnerability to extreme climate events (floods, drought and storms)

The existing methods and tools of disaster risk reduction provide powerful capacities for adaptation to climate change.

Disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation are cross-cutting development issues (political, scientific, social, development, humanitarian).

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Reduction of climate-related losses through more widespread implementation of DRR measures linked with adaptation

More efficient use of financial, human and natural resources

Increased effectiveness and sustainability of both adaptation and DRR approaches

Closer collaboration between DRR and CCA will result in:

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Disaster risk management approach

1. Establish context ........ What are we trying to do?

2. Identify risks ............... What can happen?

3. Analyse risks ............ What effects will they have?

4. Evaluate risks ............ Which are most important?

5. Accept risk .............. Should we spend resources on this?

6. Treat risk .................. What can we do about this?

7. Monitor / review ............ Has it worked?Is it still the best solution?

8. Communicate & consult .Has everyone been involved?

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Tsunami mortality in women and men, by age,December 2004, Tamil Nadu, India

Courtesy Professor Deborati Guha-Sapir, Université catholique de Louvain Brussels - Belgium

Children, the elderly and women are the most vulnerable

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Gender-sensitive disaster risk reduction

Current effort is spent on disaster response and recovery rather than on risk reduction

Gender perspective is largely excluded from disaster risk reduction policies and programmes

Few governments consider gender perspectives in their national reports on DRR

Both DRR and gender are cross-cutting developmental issues, which need to be addressed through a holistic approach and concerted actions in political, technical, social, developmental and humanitarian processes.

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Progress and challenges in gender-sensitive DRR

Progress:

A clear paradigm shift from gender-sensitive disaster management to gender-sensitive DRR (more proactive)

Growing interest in gender-sensitive DRR among different stakeholders, especially NGOs & CBOs

Challenges: Lack of understanding Lack of capacity required Lack of financial resources Lack of accountability

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Making DRR or DM gender-sensitive

We need to:

Take stock of existing dynamics and challenges for gender and DRR and DM

Build partnerships with different stakeholders to mainstream gender into DRR, DM in particular

Harness existing tools and analysis to promote gender in DRR and DM

Build capacity in local organizations willing to promote the integration of gender perspectives in DRR and DM

Advocate and raise awareness on the issues at national and local levels

Use a combined bottom-up and top-down approach.

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Empowerment of Women in DRR and DM

We need to: recognize women as a resource, not just as victims strengthen women's capacities to contribute engage women in development and DRR

processes provide women with opportunities to participate,

and raise their concerns ensure programme officers have the ability to meet

gender-based practical needs and strategic concerns

encourage women to take part in, and take charge of, the DRR processes, including disaster management.

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for gender professionals and different groups of stakeholders to share information, knowledge and experience in gender mainstreaming in DRR

for more visibility of their role and contribution in the DRR process at all levels

between gender expert groups and other stakeholders, including national platforms, NGOs, the Media, private sectors and donors

by national authorities and NGOs in developing gender-sensitive and gender balanced DRR policies and programmes

on gender and DRR, with user-friendly checklists and training materials for mainstreaming gender into DRR and vice versa

provide a platform

increase women’s voice

facilitate dialogues

encourage active roles

develop policy guidelines

We also need to:

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Making disaster management gender-sensitive

Develop a disaster contingency plan based on the results of a gender-sensitive vulnerably analysis and risk assessment to address different needs and concerns between men and women during emergencies caused by natural hazards.

Mainstream gender needs and concerns into disaster preparedness planning and storage of relief goods, especially in preparation of emergency relief goods to ensure that women’s particular needs will be met during disasters.

Include women’s participation in planning and distribution of humanitarian assistance to address existing unequal access to and benefit from relief assistance.

Secure increased women’s participation in disaster recovery and reconstruction planning and programmes to change the situation that women often do not have enough voice in the disaster recovery process.

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Thank you