Zigbee

technology Submitted By:-PRANJUL MANI RASTOGI Branch:-EC-2 Roll No.:-1214331105

CONTENTS

What is ZigBee

ZigBee Technical Goals

IEEE 802.15.4

WPANs

Network Architecture

ZigBee Device Model

Operating Modes

Simulation of ZigBee Networks

ZigBee Vs other Network Protocols

ZigBee Applications

Conclusion

What is ZigBee

ZigBee is a specification for a suite of high-level communication

protocols used to create personal area networks built from small, low-power digital radios.

Introduction Emerging standardized protocol for Ultra low power Wireless

Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

ZigBee is an established set of specifications for Wireless Personal Area Networking (WPAN) i.e, digital radio connections between computers and related devices.

ZigBee is targeted at Radio-frequency (RF) applications which require a low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking.

ZigBee networks are secured by 128 bit symmetric encryption keys

CONTD.

ZigBee devices can transmit data over long

distances by passing data through a mesh

network of intermediate devices to reach more distant ones.

ZigBee is often used in industrial automation and

physical plant operation.

ZigBee is based on the Institute of Electrical and

Electronics Engineers Standards

Association's 802.15 specification.

ZigBee Technical Goals

Maximum data rates allowed for each of these frequency bands are fixed as 250 kbps @2.4 GHz, 40 kbps @ 915 MHz, and 20 kbps @868 MHz .

10 to 100 m coverage range.

Up to 100 collocated networks.

Up to 2 years of battery life on standard alkaline

Batteries.

IEEE 802.15.4

IEEE 802.15.4

IEEE 802.15 is a working group of the Institute of Electrical and

Electronics Engineers (IEEE) IEEE 802 standards committee which specifies wireless personal area network (WPAN) standards.

Low-Rate wireless PAN(e.g., ZigBee, WirelessHART, MiWi, etc.)

Zigbee is set of high level communication protocols based upon the

specification produced by 802.15.4 - standard for wireless personal

area networks (WPANs)

Wireless Personal Area

Network(WPAN) A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a computer network used for data

transmission among devices such

as computers,telephones and personal digital assistants.

Connections are wireless.

Wireless PAN is based on the standard IEEE 802.15

Technologies for WPAN:

o Wireless USB

o Bluetooth

o Wifi

o Infrared Data Association

o ZigBee, etc.

NETWORK ARCHITECTURE:

ZigBee

ZigBee Device Model ZigBee Coordinator (ZC)

- One and only one required for each ZigBee network.

- ZigBee Network has unique PAN ID and channel no

- Initiates network formation.

- Acts as 802.15.4 PAN coordinator (FFD).

- May act as router once network is formed.

ZigBee Router (ZR)

- Optional network component.

- May associate with ZC or with previously associated ZR.

- Acts as 802.15.4 coordinator (FFD).

- Participates in multihop routing of messages.

ZigBee End Device (ZED)

- Joins ZC or ZR.

- Optional network component.

- Acts as 802.15.4 End device (RFD).

- Optimized for very low power operation

- Shall not allow association and shall not participate in routing.

Operating Modes

Non Beacon enabled Networks

ZigBee Routers typically have their receivers continuously active.

Requires a more robust power supply.

Beacon enabled Networks

ZigBee Routers transmit periodic beacons to confirm their presence to other network nodes.

Lowering their duty cycle and extending their battery life.

Beacon intervals depend on data rate:

15.36 milliseconds to 251.65824 seconds at 250 kbit/s

24 milliseconds to 393.216 seconds at 40 kbit/s

48 milliseconds to 786.432 seconds at 20 kbit/s.

Simulation of ZigBee

Networks

Network simulators, like NS2, OPNET,

and NetSim can be used to simulate IEEE 802.15.4

ZigBee networks.

These simulators come with open source C or C++

libraries for users to modify. This way users can

determine the validity of new algorithms prior to

hardware implementation.

ZigBee Vs Other Wireless

Protocols

ZigBee Vs Bluetooth

Bluetooth targets medium data rate continuous duty

– 1 Mbps over the air, ~700 kbps best case data transfer

– File transfer, streaming telecom audio

– Point to multipoint networking

ZigBee targets low data rate, low duty cycle

– 250 kbps over the air, 60-115 kbps typical data transfer

– Long battery life (weeks to months)

– More sophisticated networking

ZigBee Applications

ZigBee Home Automation

CONTD. Tested and proven standard for connecting devices in the

home.

Energy management with Energy@home.

Technical improvements for easier installation and upgrades.

Achieve 2 year battery life for door locks and more than 7

years for security sensors.

INTERNET CONNECTIVITY

Control devices from anywhere in the world.

Use mobile phones to control smart home.

Conclusion

ZigBee will play a vital role in the mass adoption

of cost effective, low power, mesh networking

technology for monitoring and control applications, based on an open global standard.

Near Future more flexibility and cost savings for

consumers and greater control over household

appliances.

Used for campus-wide electrical and security

systems from a single computer

THANK YOU