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OVERVIEW OF
HIGHER EDUCATIONIN VIETNAM
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Overview
Structure, size, administration & finance
Vietnamese Higher Education Statistics National and regional universities
Development of Higher Education sincei M i (1986) Challenges
University of Social Sciences and Humanities
VNU HCMC Overview Facts on Students International Programs
Facilities Students Activities 2
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
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Overview: Structure
3Source: Vietnam Education and Training Directory (MOET, 2004, p. 15)
COMPUL
SORY
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Overview: Size
4
2009-2010:22.042.200students
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Overview: Administration Become more decentralized both horizontally and
vertically
5
Communist Party, Central Government,
National Assembly
Ministry of Education and Training
(MOET)
Local Provincial Government
Two National
Universities
Other Universities and
Central CollegesLocal Colleges
and Universities
Other Ministries
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The Ministry of Education and Training (MOET) has
assumed responsibility for all education and training at the
national level.
MO
ET
Department of Primary Education
Department of Secondary Education
Department of Tertiary Education
Department of Teacher Education
Department of Adult Education
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MOET is responsible for policy making, guidance, and
supervision in connection with all the education programs
and the administration of the higher education institutions
With regard to course organization, MOET approves new
courses and the education programs, develops the
examination statutes, and confers degrees
MOET also reviews and authorizes the publication of
textbooks, formulates enrollment regulations, and funds thefixed institutional expenses, such as maintenance and
salaries
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It wields significant power over education and handles a
number of tasks including: (1) the promulgation ofregulations affecting curriculum; (2) the drafting and
publishing of text books; (3) enrollment and student
management; (4) academic assessment procedures and
granting of degrees; (5) infrastructure and facilitymaintenance; (6) staffing and personnel in education; (7)
developing future education plans; and (8) providing
proposals to the Government for the regulation of education
matters such as scholarships, construction of universities,
and study abroad
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MOET has partial responsibility -- shared with the Office ofthe Government (which is attached to the Prime Ministers
Office), the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Planningand Investment - for broader decisions of policy formulation,target setting, and sectoral financing
MOET and the Ministry of Finance (MOF) periodically issueguidelines concerning the range for fees that institutions are
permitted to charge
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Overview: Finance
20% of all national budget at alllevels
10
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The management and financing of education and trainingare becoming more decentralized both horizontalandvertical
Horizontal decentralization refers to the functionaldepartments responsible for education and training in the
central government. Although MOET plays a pre-eminentrole, many institutions in Vietnam fall under other lineministries and government agencies.
For example, Hanoi Medical College falls under the Ministry ofHealth and the Ministry of Culture and Information manages the
College of Culture and the Hanoi Conservatory. In one other instance,Vietnam National University, though nominally under MOET,operates independently as a separate entity.
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Vertical decentralization refers to the different levels of
government responsible for education. In higher education
and vocational/technical education, with the exception of
universities, the role of provincial governments in runningeducational institutions is at least as large as the role of
the central government.
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Higher Education Institutions and theirdistribution from 2000 - 2009
2000-2001
2004-2005
2005-2006
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
Institutions 153 230 277 322 346 369
College 84 137 154 183 206 223
Public 79 130 145 166 182 194
non public 5 7 9 17 24 29
University 69 93 123 139 140 146Public 52 71 98 109 100 101
non public 17 22 25 30 40 45
Students 893.754 1.319.754
1.387.107
1.540.201
1.603.484
1.719.499
13
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1414
Bachelors
(college and university)
Masters Doctorate
Admission - High school graduate- National Entrance Exam(Group A: math, chemistry,physicsGroup B: math, chemistry,biology
Group C: literature, history,geographyGroup D: literature, math,Foreign Languages)
(1) EntranceExam(2) ExcellentBachelorsexempted
(1) EntranceExam(2) ExcellentMastersexempted
Training
Timeline
- 5 6 yrs: Doctor
- 4.5 - 5 yrs: B.Eng- 4 yrs: B.A, B.S.- 3 yrs: colleges bachelor
2 - 3 yrs 2 - 5 yrs: with
M. S. or M.A.
Graduation1. Graduation exams (No examsfor credit system)2. Thesis for qualified students
Thesis orcomplete 3seminars
3 researchpaperspublished &
dissertation
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2008 2009: 1.719.499 University andCollege Students
2008 2009: 196 UniversityStudents/10.000 peoples
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2008-2009: number of students increasedby 7%
Number of Students in 5 recent years
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17
Viet-nam
Thai-land
Korea Japan France UK Austra-lia
USA
Students/
10.000citizens
195
(2009)
374
(2005)
674
(2005)
316
(2005)
359
(2005)
380
(2005)
305
(2005)
576
(2005)
Student rate
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18
Number of Lecturers in 5 recent years
2008-2009: number of lecturers increasedb 9%
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19
Lecturers Students Ratio
28 students /1 lecturer
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20
Development of Higher Educationsince i M i (1986)
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Highlights
Governmental administration of higher education
system is separated: Moet manage 54
institutions (14,4%), other ministries 116
institutions (30,8%), cities/provinces 125 (33,2%),
81 non-public institutions.
Has become more decentralized
Non-public sector grows fast
Demand is increasing at a faster pace than
availability
More institutional autonomy and better 21
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Increase of more than 3 % in trainingcapacity (institutions, lecturers, doctors andprofessors), 13% in training size
Diversification of schools and training
Public, semi-public, and private schools,distance education, exchange programs,joint programs, etc.
More funding for education from the
Government and other sources
Expansion of higher education institutions inalmost all of cities and provinces
Introduction of accreditation system 22
ACHIEVEMENTS OF EDUCATION INACHIEVEMENTS OF EDUCATION IN
VIETNAMVIETNAM
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Overloaded educational institutions andstudents The system is unable to meet currentdemand for tertiary education
Lack of teaching staff in quality and quantity
Unequal distribution of educational institutions(concentrated mainly in Hanoi and HCMC:150/376 institutions)
Difficulties in quality assurance andimprovement (especially 20% newlyestablished universities (since 2005))
23
CHALLENGESCHALLENGES
CHINA
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24
HAN
OI
Hue
Danang
HO CHI MINHCITY
Can Tho
Buon MeThuat
ThaiNguyen
CHINA
LAOS
CAMBODIA Nha Trang
Regional Universities
National Universities
National Key Universities
Private/ International
Vietnam NationalUniversity, Hanoi
Vietnam NationalUniversity, HCMC
(VNU HCM)
Hue
University(HU)
DanangUniversity (DU)
Thai NguyenUniversity (TNU)
Can ThoUniversity (CTU)
Hanoi University ofPedagogy
VietnameseGerman
University (VGU)
HCMC University ofEconomics
Duy TanUniversity
RMIT InternationalUniversity
HCMCUniversity ofPedagogy
TYPES OFTYPES OFUNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITIES
Hanoi University ofTechnology
Hanoi University of
Medecine
University ofEconomic
Hanoi University ofAgriculture
HCMC University ofMedecine
Public University(international quality assurance)
In cooperation with French
(Hanoi) and German (HCMC)
univertsities
Hanoi Universityof Science and
Technology
CHINA
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25
HAN
OI
Hue
Danang
HO CHI MINHCITY
Can Tho
Buon MeThuat
ThaiNguyen
CHINA
LAOS
CAMBODIA Nha Trang
TYPES OFTYPES OFUNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITIES
Projects:
Public University
(international quality assurance)
In cooperation with Japan (Da
Nang) and US (Can Tho)
InternationalUniversity of Da
Nang
International
University of CanTho
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Private (Non-public)
o Semi-public - owned by the state andmanaged by a public authority. Costscovered by student fees.
o People-founded - owned and managed by
non-government organizations or privateassociations. Full cost recovery.
o Private - owned and managed by private
individuals
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Categories of Higher Education Students
Full-time - admitted through the examination process and
receive the degree chinh quy.
Open - students who pay full fees for the same teachers andcoursework as the full-time students irrespective of
academic credentials. The degree received states mo rongand traditionally has not had a very high status.
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Categories of Higher Education Students
Part-time - Students seeking admission to a part time
program must have a baccalaureate and one years workexperience (ham thu) including:
o In service - students who undertake an abbreviated coursewhile employed. They receive the degree tai chuc.
o Specialized or retraining - students return to university toupgrade their skills and remain current in the particularareas they may have studied previously (chuyen tu).
o Short-term training - students pursuing an upgrade on theirknowledge (ngan han).
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Undergraduate Courses
Students undergo a two phase education system:
o General Education (Dai cuong) - (phase one) - the first threeto four semesters involve a core curriculum.
o Specialized Education (Chuyen nganh) - (phase two) - thefinal years of study in the students area of specialty.
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Graduate Courses
Masters Degrees - A two-year program of course workand thesis with entry based upon competitiveexamination.
Doctoral Degree - Awarded after a minimum of two yearsof work after a masters degree and completion of a thesisor project. Students may sometimes be able to pursue anaccelerated program after a bachelors degree.
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A foreign education is a highly desirable asset.System cannot handle current demand foreducation. Within ten years, the Vietnamesegovernment estimates that 2,000,000 studentsa year will be seeking tertiary education.
Approximately 20,000 Vietnamese students areabroad at any one time.
Several new joint venture and fully foreignowned educational programs are beingdeveloped in Vietnam.
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Vietnam National UniversityVietnam National UniversityHanoiHanoi
(VNU Hanoi)(VNU Hanoi)
Vietnam National University HoVietnam National University HoChi Minh City (VNU HCM)Chi Minh City (VNU HCM)
5 universities members5 universities members
Hanoi University of ScienceHanoi University of Science College of TechnologyCollege of Technology
College of Social Sciences &College of Social Sciences &HumanitiesHumanities
College of Foreign LanguagesCollege of Foreign Languages
College of EducationCollege of Education7 affiliated7 affiliated
faculties/schools/institutesfaculties/schools/institutes
2 Faculties (Economics, Law)2 Faculties (Economics, Law)
School of Graduate StudiesSchool of Graduate Studies
School of BusinessSchool of Business International SchoolInternational School
Information TechnologyInformation TechnologyInstituteInstitute
Institute of Vietnamese StudiesInstitute of Vietnamese Studies& Development Sciences& Development Sciences
7 h t7 research centers
5 universities members:5 universities members:
University of TechnologyUniversity of Technology University of Natural SciencesUniversity of Natural Sciences
University of Social Sciences &University of Social Sciences &HumanitiesHumanities
International UniversityInternational University
University of InformationUniversity of InformationTechnologyTechnology
University of Economics - LawUniversity of Economics - Law
2 affiliated faculty/school2 affiliated faculty/school
Faculty of MedecineFaculty of Medecine
High School for the GiftedHigh School for the Gifted1 Research Institute for1 Research Institute for
Environment & Natural ResourcesEnvironment & Natural Resources
4 Centers4 Centers
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