Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Kamaljeet SinghProduction, Perforation & Well Integrity Domain Champion
– Nigeria and Gulf of Guinea
23 Jan 2013
Lagos, Nigeria
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Recent Industry Needs
� Sand Management
� Perforating for Fracturing
� Oriented Perforating
� Dual Completions
� Control Lines
� Multi-laterals
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Sand Management
� Perforate in the direction of maximum tunnel stability
� Position guns towards a specific direction
� Orient perforations
� Check pressure and temperature before, while and after perforations
� Screen-less completions
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Perforating for Fracturing
Perforate on the Preferred Fracture Plane
� Design fracture job (by pressure data while perforating)
� Orient perforations� Allow bigger proppant sizes to be
pumped into fracture
� Less pump pressure to break fracture
� Reduce tortuosity and micro-annulus
� Intercept multiple horizontal fractures
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Rock Stresses
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Fracture Initiation Studies
― “Effect of Perforations on Fracture Initiation” SPE 20661
― “Theoretical Model and Numerical Investigation of Near-Wellbore Effects in
Hydraulic Fracturing” SPE 30506
SSSSHHHH
SSSShhhh
SSSSHHHH
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Hydraulic Fracture Improvement
SSSSHHHHSSSSHHHH
� Orient the perforations in the direction of the maximum horizontal
stress
� Create a single, bi-wing fracture in the Preferred Fracture Plane
(PFP)
� Reduce near-wellbore complexities (tortuosity)
� Reduce fracture treating pressures
� Reduce the risk of premature screen-outs
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Horizontal Wells
� Perforate towards upper side of the well� Avoid mud invasion at down side of the well
� Avoid gun debris and sanding in guns
� Oil/water contact (coning)
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Cement Repair / Reservoir Heterogeneities
Perforate towards a specific direction in the well
� Produce “last drop” of remaining reserve
� Repair cement (help squeeze job)
� Align perforation to channel in cement
� Align perforation against cement wash-out
� Re-entry in multi-laterals
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Orientated Perforation – Dual Completions
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Orientated Perforation – Dual Completion – Case 1
Objective:
Rigless intervention to perform additional
oriented perforation below SS
Well Details:
SS tubing 3-1/2” P110 13% Cr 9.3ppf
Casing 9-5/8”
Deviation 34deg
Sequence of Operation:
Run-1: GR-CCL Dummy run
Run-2: X-Y Caliper to determine the SS shoe
Run-3: 2-1/8”, 6spf, 0deg Oriented perforation
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Orientated Perforation – Dual Completion – Case 2
� The target zone (Perf #4)
is above the shallowest
packer
� The objective is to
perforate and produce
from LS
� But is it possible?
Without any annulus
isolation?
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Orientated Perforation – Dual Completion – Case 2
� Punch holes
� Cement Packer
� WOC
� Orientated Perforation
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Orientated Perforation – How do we achieve it?
Modular Platform with the following modules
Centralizer
WP MOtor Tool
WP TElemetry Tool
WP Press & Temp Tool
WP GYro carrier Tool
WP Completion Mapper
WP Gamma Ray Tool (PTC)
WP Shooting Tool
WPP (Wireline Perforating Platform
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Pre-job Simulations
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Pre-job Simulations
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Case Example
DATA FROM ACTUAL JOB
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Casing Flux Mapping – Simulations for well condition
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Orientated Perforation – Tool reliability
� More than 400 runs have been performed
� 100% reliability and success rate
� Shooting in Preferred Fracture Plane
� Shooting away from control lines, sensors
� Shooting in Short String
� Shooting in Long String
� GR, Pressure, Temperature, CCL, RB – Integral to tool design
� 1-11/16” to 3-3/8” Hollow Carrier or Exposed Guns
� More than one gun in one descent to achieve higher efficiency
� Tool rated to 15kpsi and 300degF
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Orientated Perforation - Key Applications
� Align with preferred fracture plane (PFP)� To improve hydraulic fracture treatments
� To prevent sand production (weak rocks)
� Directional perforating� Intersect natural fractures
� Perforate high or low side of the hole
� Cement repair
� Perforate away from completion components� Avoid perforating long or short string (dual completion)
� Avoid perforating cables, control lines, sensors (Intelligent wells)
Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria
Thank You