Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Kamaljeet SinghProduction, Perforation & Well Integrity Domain Champion

– Nigeria and Gulf of Guinea

23 Jan 2013

Lagos, Nigeria

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Recent Industry Needs

� Sand Management

� Perforating for Fracturing

� Oriented Perforating

� Dual Completions

� Control Lines

� Multi-laterals

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Sand Management

� Perforate in the direction of maximum tunnel stability

� Position guns towards a specific direction

� Orient perforations

� Check pressure and temperature before, while and after perforations

� Screen-less completions

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Perforating for Fracturing

Perforate on the Preferred Fracture Plane

� Design fracture job (by pressure data while perforating)

� Orient perforations� Allow bigger proppant sizes to be

pumped into fracture

� Less pump pressure to break fracture

� Reduce tortuosity and micro-annulus

� Intercept multiple horizontal fractures

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Rock Stresses

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Fracture Initiation Studies

― “Effect of Perforations on Fracture Initiation” SPE 20661

― “Theoretical Model and Numerical Investigation of Near-Wellbore Effects in

Hydraulic Fracturing” SPE 30506

SSSSHHHH

SSSShhhh

SSSSHHHH

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Hydraulic Fracture Improvement

SSSSHHHHSSSSHHHH

� Orient the perforations in the direction of the maximum horizontal

stress

� Create a single, bi-wing fracture in the Preferred Fracture Plane

(PFP)

� Reduce near-wellbore complexities (tortuosity)

� Reduce fracture treating pressures

� Reduce the risk of premature screen-outs

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Horizontal Wells

� Perforate towards upper side of the well� Avoid mud invasion at down side of the well

� Avoid gun debris and sanding in guns

� Oil/water contact (coning)

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Cement Repair / Reservoir Heterogeneities

Perforate towards a specific direction in the well

� Produce “last drop” of remaining reserve

� Repair cement (help squeeze job)

� Align perforation to channel in cement

� Align perforation against cement wash-out

� Re-entry in multi-laterals

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Orientated Perforation – Dual Completions

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Orientated Perforation – Dual Completion – Case 1

Objective:

Rigless intervention to perform additional

oriented perforation below SS

Well Details:

SS tubing 3-1/2” P110 13% Cr 9.3ppf

Casing 9-5/8”

Deviation 34deg

Sequence of Operation:

Run-1: GR-CCL Dummy run

Run-2: X-Y Caliper to determine the SS shoe

Run-3: 2-1/8”, 6spf, 0deg Oriented perforation

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Orientated Perforation – Dual Completion – Case 2

� The target zone (Perf #4)

is above the shallowest

packer

� The objective is to

perforate and produce

from LS

� But is it possible?

Without any annulus

isolation?

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Orientated Perforation – Dual Completion – Case 2

� Punch holes

� Cement Packer

� WOC

� Orientated Perforation

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Orientated Perforation – How do we achieve it?

Modular Platform with the following modules

Centralizer

WP MOtor Tool

WP TElemetry Tool

WP Press & Temp Tool

WP GYro carrier Tool

WP Completion Mapper

WP Gamma Ray Tool (PTC)

WP Shooting Tool

WPP (Wireline Perforating Platform

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Pre-job Simulations

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Pre-job Simulations

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Case Example

DATA FROM ACTUAL JOB

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Casing Flux Mapping – Simulations for well condition

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Orientated Perforation – Tool reliability

� More than 400 runs have been performed

� 100% reliability and success rate

� Shooting in Preferred Fracture Plane

� Shooting away from control lines, sensors

� Shooting in Short String

� Shooting in Long String

� GR, Pressure, Temperature, CCL, RB – Integral to tool design

� 1-11/16” to 3-3/8” Hollow Carrier or Exposed Guns

� More than one gun in one descent to achieve higher efficiency

� Tool rated to 15kpsi and 300degF

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Orientated Perforation - Key Applications

� Align with preferred fracture plane (PFP)� To improve hydraulic fracture treatments

� To prevent sand production (weak rocks)

� Directional perforating� Intersect natural fractures

� Perforate high or low side of the hole

� Cement repair

� Perforate away from completion components� Avoid perforating long or short string (dual completion)

� Avoid perforating cables, control lines, sensors (Intelligent wells)

Orientated Perforation for Improved Productivity (By: Kamaljeet Singh, Schlumberger) – 23 Jan 2013 Lagos, Nigeria

Thank You