22
Content
1 Company profile
3 Technology portfolio
4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources
5 Expertise in natural gas
6 Innovative CO2 management
7 Hydrogen
8 Photovoltaic
9 Other renewable resources
2 Mega trend clean energy
33
Company profileOrganisational structure
The Linde Group
Engineering Division Gases Division Other Activities
Americas
Asia/Pacific
EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa)
The Group consists of the Gases Division, the Engineering Division and Other Activities. Within the Gases Division, there are three
operating segments: Americas, Asia/Pacific and EMEA (Western and Eastern Europe, Middle East and Africa), which are subdivided
into eight Regional Business Units. The Gases Division also includes the two Global Business Units Healthcare (medical gases) and
Tonnage (on-site) as well as the two Business Areas Merchant & Packaged Gases (liquified and cylinder gases) and Electronics
(electronic gases). Specialised in olefin, natural gas, air separation plants, hydrogen and synthesis gas plants, our Engineering
Division has a global footprint. The Other Activities segment comprises Linde’s logistics services Gist.
1 Company profile February 2012
4
The Linde Group worldwideGlobal presence in more than 100 countries
Page 4
SouthAmerica
North America
Africa, UK & Ireland
Continental & Northern Europe
Eastern Europe & Middle East
South & East Asia
Greater China
South Pacific
8,8%
7,8%
No presence
55
The Linde Group: 2011 financial yearLinde achieves record levels and is set for further growth
— Group sales up 7.1 percent to
EUR 13.787 bn
— Group operating profit grows at a faster rate
than sales, by 9.7 percent to
EUR 3.210 bn
— Operating margin increased by 60 bp to
23.3 percent, Gases operating margin
further improved to 27.5 percent
— Medium-term targets for 2014: Group
operating profit of at least EUR 4 bn and
ROCE of at least 14 percent
6
The BOC Group Linde
In 2006 BOC became a member of The Linde Group
120 years
Core business Industrial Gases and GIST
Existing relationship through JV with Linde Engineering
Strong Safety Culture
127 years
Developing from a conglomerate to a pure player
“Leading”
Strong strategic support from Linde Engineering
A leader in industrial gases and engineering
Truly global complementary footprint –
employees, customers, regions
High performance organisation “Best of both
worlds”
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BOC UK
UK & Ireland Sales € 1010 M
Sureserve
6%
Tonnage
19%
Bulk
24%
On Site
2%
Industrial
28%
Healthcare
12%
Special
9% • 5000 deliveries per day
• 373,300 delivery points
• 579 bulk delivery vehicles
• 7 major ASU plants
• 40,000 cylinders filled per day
• 12 Industrial & Medical filling sites
• 72 retail stores; 367 local cylinder agents
• 3200 people
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BOC main sites
Scunthorpe
Middlesbrough
Motherwell
Fawley
MargamThame
Brinsworth
St Helens
Liquid only Pipeline+Liquid
Dalry
Cork
Dublin
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Content
1 Company profile
3 Technology portfolio
4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources
5 Expertise in natural gas
6 Innovative CO2 management
7 Hydrogen
8 Photovoltaic
9 Other renewable resources
2 Mega trend clean energy
10
Mega trend clean energy IThe energy trilemma
— Balancing the growing global energy demand with the need to conserve natural resources is
a major challenge. Successful solutions must be economically viable.
— Tomorrow’s power supply will be dominated by a steady increase of efficiency and a smart
utilisation of new technologies.
Energy trilemma
Security of supply
Economics Environment2 Mega trend clean energy February 2012
1111
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Petroleum liquids
Natural gas
Coal
Nuclear
Renewables
20302020201020001990
Mega trend clean energy IIFossil fuels continue to dominate in the medium term
Global energy consumption, in quad. BTU
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration
In 2030,
fossil fuels
will still
cover >80%
of the
global
energy
demand.
2 Mega trend clean energy February 2012
12
Mega trend clean energy IIICCS and efficiency key for CO2 emission reduction schemes
Source: International Energy Agency
Required emission reduction
in Gt CO2
12
CCS
Renewables
Nuclear
Efficient plants
Fuel switch
Efficiency
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
2 Mega trend clean energy February 2012
13
Linde‘s environmental responsibility
— Internal environmental management system
implemented for all sites
— More than 500 environmental projects in the
last 3 years (e.g. for reducing CO2 emissions or
saving water)
— More than 200 external certifications for
environmental management (ISO 14001)
— Sustainability reporting aligned with
international standards (e.g. Greenhouse Gas
Protocol)
— Global improvement target for climate
protection
2 Mega trend clean energy February 2012
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Content
1 Company profile
3 Technology portfolio
4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources
5 Expertise in natural gas
6 Innovative CO2 management
7 Hydrogen
8 Photovoltaic
9 Other renewable resources
2 Mega trend clean energy
1515
Technology portfolio IClean energy growth markets for Linde
Merchant Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
Carbon Capture & Storage / Usage H2 as fuel
— Oil vs. NG
spread
— CO2 reduction
— Regulations
— Funding
— Coal reserves
— Maturing
oil fields
— High oil prices
— Zero emissions
— Drive
performance
3 Technology portfolio
CO2 Networks Photovoltaic
— Increasing need
for CO2 recycling
— Integrated
solutions
— Environmental
impact
— Efficiency-
driven
February 2012
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Technology portfolio IIMarket potential estimation by segment
Clean Energy annual market revenues estimates in 2030, in € bn
18 – 35 11 – 23 10 – 15 20 – 40
EOR Merchant+Floating LNG
H2as fuel
CCS+Clean Coal
3 Technology portfolio
15 – 25 3
CO2networks
Photo-voltaic
February 2012
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Content
1 Company profile
3 Technology portfolio
4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources
5 Expertise in natural gas
6 Innovative CO2 management
7 Hydrogen
8 Photovoltaic
9 Other renewable resources
2 Mega trend clean energy
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Enhanced Oil/Gas Recovery (EOR/EGR)Extended life for oil and gas fields
Description — Nitrogen or carbon dioxide can be used to increase
pressure in oil and gas fields to improve well output
— Delayed or reduced drop in feed rates
— Traditional procedures only allow around 15 to 20 % of
the oil reserve to be extracted, with the majority
remaining in the ground
Scope— Turn-key and energy efficient air separation units (ASU)
— Proprietary equipment
— Operation and control of the plant providing the
required nitrogen for further compression into the
oil/gas well
Reference projects— Cantarell, Mexico: second largest multi-train ASU in the
world supplying nitrogen for enhanced oil recovery
(50,000 tpd)
— Mirfa, Abu Dhabi (UAE): ‘Elixier II’ under construction:
two large ASU, built by JV with ADNOC, to supply
nitrogen for injection into onshore condensate field by
the end of 2011
4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources February 2012
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Hammerfest LNG plant, NorwayCO2 reinjection via subsea pipeline
World’s first industrial project to deliver CO2
separated onshore back offshore and injected into a reservoir
— Europe's first export facility for liquefied
natural gas (LNG)
— Terminal and process plant on Melkøya
island outside Hammerfest in northern
Norway
— Annual LNG export: 5.67 billion standard m³
— CO2 content: 5.0% to 8.0%
— CO2 captured in onshore plant, conveyed
back with subsea pipeline, stored
underground
— Emission reduction of more than 50%
— Norwegian CO2 tax: 50 €/t
4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources February 2012
2020
Content
1 Company profile
3 Technology portfolio
4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources
5 Expertise in natural gas
6 Innovative CO2 management
7 Hydrogen
8 Photovoltaic
9 Other renewable resources
2 Mega trend clean energy
2121
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) IDemand driven by spread, local sources and regulations
Drivers Supporting rationale and geographic focus
5 Expertise in natural gas
Local sources:Exploitation of indigenous
resources (e.g. stranded)
Spread:Lower cost of LNG vs.
gasoil, naphtha and LPG
Regulations:Emission regulations &
government incentives
— High oil prices driven by demand and
incremental exploration costs
— Low gas prices driven by shale gas boom
and LNG oversupply — Decoupling of gas from oil prices
— Key regions: US, Australia, EU
— Political push for indigenous energy usage
— Increasing energy demand in areas with insufficient natural gas supply/grid
— Key regions: South East Asia, parts of
China, South America
— Introduction of tight emission standards in
transportation sector (e.g. Marine)
— Tax incentives for clean fuels (e.g. trucks)
— Key regions: Europe, US
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LNG IIReducing CO2 emissions, securing energy supply
Description
— Bridging technology towards a more environmental
friendly society
— Lower levels of carbon dioxide emission than
naphtha, coal, oil and LPG
— Stimulates the use of biogas
— A tonne of LNG reduces CO2 emission by a tonne
Scope
— Conceptual design, equipment manufacturing and
commissioning, from small scale to baseload plants
— Proprietary equipment and energy efficient
processes
Linde is a “one-stop shop” for LNG
Reference project
— Hammerfest is Europe’s biggest natural gas
liquefaction plant
— Production capacity of 4.3 million tonnes per year
— In total Linde engineered 10 LNG plants across the
globe
5 Expertise in natural gas February 2012
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Small- and mid-scale LNG plants and offloading terminals
Description
— Increasing importance of small- and midscale LNG
plants
— Size makes them ideal for sites near industrial parks
and cities, keeping them close to the customer
— Compared with fossil fuels such as diesel, petrol and
oil, natural gas reduces carbon dioxide emissions by
around 20 percent
Scope— Linde a one-stop provider for entire LNG terminals,
supplying everything from the LNG production plant
to the storage tanks for trucks and ships, and from
the on-site storage units to the on-board relique-
faction units and liquid-to-gas converters
Reference projects— Baltic Sea’s first LNG terminal in Nynäshamn (S)
— Australia’s first LNG plant in Dandenong
— Stavanger (N), Kwinana (AUS), Shan-Shan and
Ji Munai (PRC)
5 Expertise in natural gas February 2012
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Content
1 Company profile
3 Technology portfolio
4 Efficient extraction of fossil resources
5 Expertise in natural gas
6 Innovative CO2 management
7 Hydrogen
8 Photovoltaic
9 Other renewable resources
2 Mega trend clean energy
2525
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)Contributing to energy-related GHG emissions reduction
Note: 550 Policy Scenario corresponds to 3oC temperature rise and overall GHG reductions in 2030
from 41 Gt (reference) to 33 Gt. 450 Policy Scenario corresponds to 2oC temperature rise and
overall GHG reductions in 2030 from 41 Gt (reference) to 26 Gt.
Source: OECD/IEA World Energy Outlook
6 Innovative CO2 management
-Need to reduce GHG
emissions radically by 8 to
15 Gt by 2030, depending
on political settings
-Increasing energy efficien-
cy is the biggest lever for
GHG reduction
- CCS reduction potential of
1 to 2.5 Gt by 2030 critical
to meet overall CO2 reduc-
tion targets
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* Linde developed integrated technology „LICONOX“ (except third-party boiler technology)
** Third-party technology (except Linde‘s CO2 capture & compression)
Linde offers technology and engineering solutionsfor all three CCS pathways
Linde PortfolioTechnology Process
Pre-
combustion
Oxyfuel*
Post-
combustion**
Feedstock CO2
GasifierASUGas cleaning
(Rectisol)CO Shift
CO2
purification &
compression
CO2
BoilerASU DeNOxDeSOx
CO2
purification &
compression
Feedstock
CO2
Boiler DeNOxDeSOx
CO2
capture &
compression
Feedstock
1
2
3
6 Innovative CO2 management February 2012
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Linde has supplied large scale air separation plant
and Rectisol® methanol wash technology for CO2
separation for a number of coal gasification plants
in China
1 Linde’s engagement in pre-combustion CCS
— World coal reserves important source of
energy in several geographies, e.g. China
(>70% of energy sourced from coal) and
India (>55%)
— Increasing oil price provides incentive
for coal utilization
— Linde a leader in mega-ASUs, e.g. for
applications involving coal gasification
— Linde leader in Rectisol® methanol wash
technology for selective H2S/COS and CO2
removal
2,000 tpd Linde ASU for O2 supply for Shell coal gasification plant in Dongting, China
6 Innovative CO2 management February 2012
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— A DeNOx pilot scrubber was integrated in the
CO2 unit at Vattenfall’s oxyfuel pilot plant
— DeNOx pilot plant operation in July 2010
— Pilot successful and validates lab results
— Technology can now be commercially applied
Linde’s new cold DeNOx technology for oxyfuel CCS2
— Linde’s cold DeNOx technology has been validated
in a pilot unit installed at Vattenfall’s oxyfuel pilot
plant in Schwarze Pumpe/Germany:
— 30 MWth, max. 10 t/h CO2
— CO2 liquefaction
— CO2 product purity >99.7 %
— road transport by truck @ 15 bar
— CO2 compression in oxyfuel CCS plants offers
opportunity for cost-effective NOx removal
compared to conventional power plant NOx removal
approaches such as SCR
— Linde has developed a new technology for NOx and
simultaneous SOx removal with significant potential
to reduce investment and operational costs in
overall oxyfuel technology with CO2 capture.
Linde DeNOx technology pilot plant at Vattenfall’sSchwarze Pumpe site
6 Innovative CO2 management February 2012
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— Signed in 2007 to develop an
advanced PCC-technology
— joint design, construction,
testing and commercialisation
Post-combustion pilot plant:Linde partnership with RWE and BASF
3
Project essentials
— Location: Niederaussem near
Cologne, Germany
— Capacity: 1.500 Nm3/h flue
gas from lignite (7.2 t/d CO2)
— CO2 purity 94 vol % (wet)
— Start-up: June 2009
— Partners:
— BASF: process solvent
— RWE: operator
— Linde: PM, basic and
detailed engineering,
equipment supply,
erection, start-up
A strong alliance for CCS
PCC
6 Innovative CO2 management February 2012
3030
Description — CO2 is emitted by a vast number of processes that can
be captured, re-distributed and made use of in other
applications
— Essential part of many industrial processes and various
application areas
Scope— Supplying the captured carbon dioxide via pipeline
to a network of customers
— Used to increase growth from plants or sport courts
— Storage, distribution, cleaning, liquefaction etc.
Reference project
— OCAP (Organic CO2 for the Assimilation in Plants) provides
CO2 for some 550 greenhouses between Rotterdam
and Amsterdam, Netherlands
— CO2 is captured at a refinery in Rotterdam;
around 300 km of pipeline
CO2 networksWaste CO2 lets plants grow quicker
5 Innovative CO2 management February 2012
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Hydrogen Solutions - UK
•BOC is the largest supplier of hydrogen in UK
•Operates the largest hydrogen supply scheme in the UK in Teesside
producing 41,000Nm3/hr hydrogen
•Owns and operates a further six hydrogen production plants
throughout the UK ranging from 500 Nm3/hr to 1600 Nm3/hr
•As part of the Linde Group BOC has access to global technology and
extensive experience in hydrogen refuelling
— More than 70 hydrogen refuelling stations in 15 countries
— Approximately 300 hydrogen refuelling operations/week
•BOC is an active member of a number of industry associations and
partnerships furthering the uptake and deployment of hydrogen
energy technologies
– BOC is a founding member of the UK Hydrogen Association
– London Hydrogen Partnership
– Scottish Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Association (SHFCA)