.I.SS¦ ni n.I i. _*¦*..._..._»
ANCIENT AMERICANS.INDIAN LIFE AS gEKN BY THE JESUIT
FATHKRR OF NEW-FRANCE.
THE JESUIT RELATIONS AND ALLIED DOCU¬MENTS. Trtvels and Explorations of theJesuit Missionaries in New-France-lfilO-17».The Original French. Latin and Italian Texts,with English Translations and Notes, illus¬trated bv Portraits. Maps and Fac-SlmilesEdited by Reuben Gold Thwaite*. Secretary of
the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Vol.I. Acadia. 16HM613; pp. xvi. 319. Vol 11. Acadia.lllMfnt: pp. Si": Vol. IV. Acudía nnd Quebec.l«l(*-162i>; pp. 272. Vol. V, Quebec. lUTC-H*.:«; PP-290. Cleveland: The Burrows Brothers Com¬
pany.RESEARCHES UPON THE ANTIQUITY OF
MAN. In the Delaware Valley and the KasternUnited States. Bv Henry C. Mercer. Curator ofthe Museum of American and Prehistoric Ar-
ehfoologv at the University of rennsyivania.Pp. ITS." (Publications of the University ot
Pennsylvania.) Boston: Glnn A Co.
Mr. Thwnltes's tvnrk Is one thnt appeals tf> ,ho
sympathy of all Interested In American studies,whether as ethnologists, religionists, historian«or statesmen. Hitherto the narratives of the
French Jesuit missionaries in Canada have been
acressilile.where they Wtrl in print at all.onlyin the original editions or in limited and costly
reprints. The few writers who dealt with the
affairs of New-France had to make use of all
these ancient writings that they could find,«while the majority of both authors and readers
contented themselves with knowledge furnishedthem at second hand. Hut In the series now so
handsomely begun they will he able to read the
reports In English as well as to make them¬
selves familiar with the original text If theychoose. The translations an« made with the ut¬
most care We have noticed but one serious
slip. That Is In a Biblical rjuotatltm, where the
translator has quoted more than the French text
gave a warrant for, and probably has added Justthe clause which the Frenchman, dedicating his
work to trie Queen, omitted from motives of deli¬
cacy. The passages In comparison will be foundon pages 102 and WS rf the first volume.
I.
OUR INDEBTEDNESS»- TO FRENCH TACT.
» These old writings, in addition to their value
in history and the formal sciences «if humanity.are of perennial Interest In the study of human
natufb at large. France was then, as now, the
most polished of European nations. In the New
World the tendency,of Frenchmen was to adaptthemselves as far as possible to the savage so¬
ciety in which they found themselves. Before
their settlements had takt n rout in the far East,adventurous spirits w.-re roving through the
forest a'oout the Orent Lakes, penetrating nearer
every season to the heart of the Continent, and
tinally passing onward to the shores of the l'a-
Clflc; searching every valley, paddling on every
river, and making a welcome for th«*,msolvep. In
every wigwam. Mr. Thwaltes corrects the state-
ment that the Jesuits were the first to roam,
From th.» very outset he finds that the traders
looking aft er peltries were the pion, ers of Frenchadvance in the Men* W< rid. But in the rudefur barer and the rdu lated Jesuit the tendency-was the same, na.ii--!>, to comprehend the nativeas h« was Plainly, if the French had won
North America they would, by the mere forceof circumstances and l.v the bent £ their own
Inclination, have built up a nation on the basisof aboriginal life. Just ns Home did in Germanyand Gaul and Britain. They found In the redman a virtue and an intelligence which theirrivals the English were slow to discover. Hisfréquent outbreaks did not discourage them.They compared his habits to thfise recorded oftheir own Gallic ancestors, and they found forthe homlnv brand of the Algonquins a parallelin something Pliny had said about the earliestRomans.Th. y were Indulgent rather than avene to the j
rmperstltllMM of the Wild races. True, they fan-tied ihat the devil lurk-d beneath many of thesavage rit»s which they witnessed, but theywer«- not Inclined to quarr- 1 even with Satan so
long ns he displayed a reasonable approach to
French courtesy. It is us.-less to mourn an ir-
reparable loss; but undoul.w-dlv, if FrenchJesuits Instead of Spanish Dominicans had gotpossession <>f the libraries f ancient Mexico, the
world would now be the richer by a whole realmof peculiar and original literature, as valuable,perhaps, as that Which is now being recoveredin Egypt. They studied how far it was wjse to
yield to superstition, and as they were men
versed in all the learning of their times, theysought guidance from past example. Of course
they would not have gone so far as Marc Les-carbot. whose writings are among the first In
these minante This author, t lough outwardlya Catholic, sympathized with the Huguenots,.who were the first settlers at Fort Royal, nnd
some of his expressions show that he consideredthe Jesuits backbiting bosT/bodles whom he
would gladly have excluded from the new coton?,It was plainly il response to covert sneers that
no mission work was done among the natives.when the clergyman of the colony baptized some¬
what hurriedly a whole group of Indians, whose
names were reported promptly in France. Butthis proceeding was at once criticised as hasty,and so Legcarl.ot, apologizing for the heathen¬ism latent, and occasionally far from latent, in
the converts, remarked that the deep-rootedhabits of people could not be eradicated in a
moment. The Apostles had to yield to the weak¬
ness of oth°rs, and paganism still affected the
practice of the Church. "Witness," he added,"the ceremonies of the candk-s on Candlemas.the processions of the Rogation-days, the bon¬
fires of St. John the Baptist's Day. the holywater, and many other traditions that we have
in the Church, which have been Introduced fora laudable purpose to convert to a good usage
.what had only been abused." If the Spanishpriests could have looked at the matter In this
way they would not have been so ready to findthe devil In the startling analogies to Christi¬
anity which they beheld in Central America andPeru, particularly in the holy water, worship ofthe cross, the divine motherhood of a virgin.and baptism both by immersion and t-prinkling.The Spaniards, as Hr. Hrinton remarks, com¬
forted themselves with the thought that St.Thomas may have extended his apostolic Jour¬neys to the western shores of the New World, a
thing not so dlflicult to believe as long as th« ythought themselves on the borders of Cathay.They had to yield much to the natives, particu¬larly the custom of keeping up a perpetual fire.But the Jesuits, on going to New-Franco, ap¬
pear to have looked Into earlier literature fordirect precedents.
II,A TYPICAL JESUIT MISSIONARY.
The Venerable Bede could hardly be#_llei a
familiar author in the «seventeenth century. Butit Is to Bede that Father Blard, one of the firstamong the Jesuit missionaries in Acadia. turnedfor arguments in his narrative of Bill!. Hedoubtless felt the similarity th'-re was betweenhis scvagea and those among whom Bede arose
like a light in the darkness. To the eyes of theFrench public he addr seed first such argumentsin favor of developing New-Fiance as occurredto him on the score of temporal prosperity. Thenhe turned to the other aspect of the case, theone most obvious to a man who had In his timebeen a teacher of theology at Lyons, a willingmissionary and an unwilling exile from New-France, and urged the point that Franco w-oyIdInstar a divine penalty by neglect of the natives.C""v; example of the Scots and the Britons was
Just to his hand. According to Bede, the Scot»readily Imported their knowledge of religion tothe Saxons. In spite of the fad that the latterwere enemies and Invaders. But the Briton,held sullenly aloof. The result was that theformer fared much the better of the two In thegradual spread of the Saxon power and of theRoman churthmanshlp which the Saxons culti¬vated. There is a little feeling against the here¬tic. In all this, but Blard was Justified by hi..wn .uffering. He was one of the men takenprisoner by the Virginian Argali and sent back to
Europe on the plea that they had settled on
English terrlt«iry It Is no wonder that he
thought 111 of the English heretics, and expressedhis conviction that they were In league with
Satan. He and his companions had learned how-
to converse with the Indians In a mixed tongue;
they had got the catechism translated, and were
beginning to look for a harvest as missionaries."And, lo, at this moment." he exclaims, "the one
who Is Jealous of all good, nnd particularly ofhuman salvation, came, and, wickedly settingfire to all our Work, bore us away from the field.
May the victorious Jesus, with His powerfulhand and Invincible wisdom, confound him!Ainsi solt-11." All of which was only matter for
thanksgiving among the Virginians, who had
their own version of Argall's raid and their re¬
sponse to the pious "ainsi solt-11" In the "so
mote It be" of Elizabethan preachers.The Jesuits soon found that It was tne thing
to criticise the hasty acts of a lonely minister
from the safe distance of the French Court, andanother thing to take his place and do better.
They questioned the power« and consecrationof the pastor, who had Papal approval and
Huguenot sympathies, with credentials obtained
over the heads of the French Catholic prelates.His title of Patriarch, with Its suggestion ofOriental churchmanship and Independence, was
a thing which apparently caused them much
thought. But while the order In France enlargedon the Irregularities In the colony, the mis¬
sionaries made friends with their predecessor,speeded him as a parting guest, and counted
his labor with their own when they computedthe injury the d:«vll had done In lotting the Vir¬ginians loose against them. While they con¬
fined their own baptisms to the dying, they be¬came even enthusiastic about the character ofone of the Patriarch's converts. It Is hard to
say what the ratio was of reverence for royaltyto pure love of exaggeration in the expressionsof early explorers about American chieftains.The stir about allowing Poeahontas to marry an
untltled Englishman, the Incredible misunder¬standing as to Montezuma's real authority, andmany other Incidents of the kind, show thatwhite men carried their own political traditions
to an absurd length in speaking of the red men.
But, owing to the little religious difficulty whichattended the very origin of Acadla, the Frenchsoon corrected their notions of savage monarchy.It was a great political move for the Patriarchto hav» baptized the head man of the Micmacs,but, as reported In France, this head man be¬came the sagamore of all New-France. Les-carbot tr»ok the trouble to trace the word "saga¬more" back to the Hebrew term "sogan," thus
helping forward an exceedingly unprofitabletheory about the descent of the Indians whichhas lasted to the present day. Now the Jesuits,having had nothing to do with converting the
BSgamOfU, wore not tempted to exaggerate his
nuthorlty. Lescarbot had truthfully explainedthat the position of an Indian chief was notat all like that of a French king. Hut thoJesuits soon made It clear that the chieftainshipwas largely a matter of personal merit. Theywere not able to clear up the distinction whichthe Indians ma«le among the families of theirtribes, amounting almost to the F.uropean casto
system of nobles nnd commons, but they saw-
that the boasted authority of tho sagamore was
nothing more than one of their own order mightattain among the Indiana by clever manage¬ment.
III.THE SAGAMORE MFMRERTOU.
The name of this sagamore was Memhertou,and he was baptized as a namesake of Henryof Navarre. If the "Jesuit Relations" had donenothing more than to give the character of thisone savage, they would still have Justified thoAcadian mission. Membertou was already an
aged man when the Jesuits made hla acquaint¬ance. In fact, he was supposed to be at leasta hundred years old. He had passed the timewhen he cared to be treacherous and cruel andeager for war like his contemporary Powhatanin Virginia. Still, the memory of the years whenhe had been as bloody-minded as any still lin¬
gered among liis adherents. Champlaln de¬scribed him as " a friendly savage, although hebad the name of being the worst and mosttraitorous man of his tribe.'' His fellow-tribes¬men doubtless looked back to those days of hisprowess. They spoke of him as a great warriorand gave him the name of Great Chief, whichcertainly «»ounds big In the Magnus Imperatorof Jesuit I/atln. Rut he had now reached thephilosophic stage of life, and his garnered wls-dom sometimes startled the good fathers as al¬most miraculous Insight Into the mysteries ofthe religion which they were trying to teach.His morality, even as a heathen, astonishedthem: for while othf*** men of means and con¬
sideration in the tribes had many wives, howould have only one. and ho defended his con¬
duct on the grounds of nature and reason. Hehad also the renown of being expert In the se¬
cret lore of his raee. so that he met the Catholicpriests on ground with which he was as familiaras a savage could be.His duplicity must have been very profound,
Indeed, to have fooled men trained in the studyof human nature. But he was in fac« simple-minded. His thoughtfulness and his sagacitywere the results of long experience In a mindnaturally v!_orous. Without the aid of a com-
mon language he could divine from facial ex-
pression and gesture the ideas «if these black«robed men_WhO had com«- so far to Instruct him.
It is to their credit ns honest men that he trustedthem, and that hi- saw tho benign meaning of
ceremonies which other Indians naturally took
for something like their own magic, only moro
dangerous and more powerful. Perhaps he
thought tho Catholic service magical, too. buthe had the courage tu wish for the power It
gave. He had the natural oratory of an Indian,and he would have been glad to add to It the
gifts of a Christian preacher. He urged the
mlsslunarbs to learn his language as speedily as
possible, so that they might teach him all the
mysteries of their faith, while they confess that
he seemed already to know more than theycould teach him. For they had learned beforethis time the defects of a savage language,namely, that It has words enough for all the
doings of common life, but almost n«»no for
those things that elude the senses. Wordscould do little unless there was a common un¬
derstanding beforehand. As a rule, the Indianconverts attached no meaning to their new re¬
ligion. But they thought that baptism madethem like the French. It was a sort of naturali¬zation They welcomed the cross ns a beneficentamulet. In varh'US ways they displayed keenInt'Tfst and keen Intelligence, which the Jesuitscould appreciate after th<« experience of theirorder with other wild races. "I confess," wrote
one of them, "we often see In these navag)-s
natural and graceful qualities which will makeany but a shameless person blush when theycompare them to the greater part of the Frenchwho come over here." A little knowledge of thenew religion led them to compare themselveswith the Christians from beyond the sea. Theycongratulated themselves that they fought onlywith their enemies, never among themselves;that they were BMN intelligent than the French,as, Indeed, they were in all the affairs of savagelife. Thus they were willing to have all thebenefits of the new religion without its ohiiga-tlons. They would keep their own customs,their own vices, to whl< h they added, In spite ofthe dismayed fathers, an Insatiable appetite forbrandy, but they would still sport the cross as a
charm.Not so Membertou. He was the first of a oon«
all «rablt» group of Imllan statesmen who, if theyhad bad behind th'in a people capable of unitedaction, might have made France and the Jesuitssupreme In North America. Catholicism ap¬pealed to his senses, and It also met thoughtswhich he, in common with all his race, hadvaguely cherished. The beings of his auper-nutural world lent themselves easily to variedmeantime. The idea of on* Ood did not atria*
him or his fellows as strange. It had occurredto him In a dim, accidental way often enough.A clear expression of the IdeA convinced his rea¬
son at once. As to the various powers which
were nppcaled to In one exigency or another of
llfo--he could easily agree with the priests that
they were demoniac as.soon as he« felt the pres¬ence of a greater power. Here he advanced to a
stage of thought whi« h Is dwelt on In the "Ile-
latlons." and Which was quite Hs high as that ofthe Jesuits themselves, or of the New-Englandclergymen who were soon nfterwtnd engaged In
explaining the work of Providence with unparal¬leled minuteness. To a Jesuit father who saw
nn Indian made whole merely by the touch ofthe relies of St. Lawrence of Dublin, the testi¬mony that a shoal of smelts had come In answer
to prayer Just In time to prevent starvation was
as convincing; as It was to Membcrtou himself.There were many such incidents within Mem-bertoti's experience or within the circle of hisobservation. Persons whoso life had bppn de¬
spaired of by the Indian doctors, himself amongthe number, had recovered at the mero word ofthe priests or of the head of the French colony.He could only explain theío things in one way,and fortunately his audience was not at allsceptical. Nevertheless, he had his Joke occa¬
sionally at the expense of his teachers. OnceHlard was trying to teach him the Paternoster.When he came to "Give us this day our dallybread," he exclaimed: "Oh, I can't stop at that!I must have moose-meat and fish." Sometimes,also, his Imagination ran away with his facts, as
when he told Hlard, who was somewhat credu¬lous, that In his young days the Micmacs wore
as numerous on the Acadian coast as the hairson his head. But he wan. on the; whole, a wiseedd man, a forest philosopher, who taught theFrenchmen more than he learned from them.His Is not the only attractive native figure inthese volumes. Of the historical and scientificvalue of tht> "Relations" much has been said; buttheir charm os narratives lies mainly In thesehuman lives so very close to nature, and so littletouched by anything like civilization as knownto the European Invaders.To the lnvestlgatorr. of that time, and to many
still, thin Indian life seemed to have a remotepast In the regions where It was found. Thepredecessors of Membertou were reckoned backto a considerable antiquity, and It Is well knownthat the Iroquola physician Cuslck fancied hecould give approximate dates in Indian historyup to a tim<» nearly two thousand years ago.Slnc^« the discovery of cave men in Europe, thetheories as to the antiquity of the red race havebeen much enlarged. It Is to this question thatMr. Mercer has addressed himself In his presentwork, as he did formerly In his study of thecarea of Yucatan. Practically bis conclusionsrespecting the cave.dwellings an«l stone-weaponquarries of Pennsylvania are similar to thoseWhich ho reached in Yucatan. Thrre Is almostno evidence of human life beyond a few-hundred years In the past. Only one extinctanimal figures prominently In his list along withhuman relict, and that Is the peccary. But thesurroundings led him to think that this animalwas a mere survival among the species of thepresent day. The volume also contains a paperon shell heaps left by savages along York River.Maine, and there, too, after computing the timethat an average tribe of Indlani would take informing a given heap, he decides that the de¬posits ar«> essentially modern In origin. Ap¬parently he would not date the Indian's appear¬ance on the Atlantic **OaS1 very far back In themedUeval period of Europe. But, «>f course, hisbook makes but one chapter In an Investigationwhen- there remains still much to be done.
NEW NOVELS.
A TRIt'MPH FOR MB. RICHARD HARDING
DAVIS.
SOLDIERS OF FORTUNE. By Richard HardingDavis. With Illustrations by C. IV Oibson. Oc¬tavo, pp. 364. charles Scrlbticr's Sons.
THE THIRD VIOLET By Stephen Crane. Oc¬tavo, pp. 203. D. Appleto'n A Co
^ There ar«; two r»i«-»n« why Mr. Davta should hn
.eongratulnted upon his "Soldiers of Fortune." Inthe first place, he has given us In It the novel oflife» In a revolutionary South American State forWhich we have long been waiting, and, further¬more, lie lias mode It a rev-latlon of his fin"»tgifts. Ills orlgln.'illtv nn«l »kill In tho constructionof a brief story havo long since been recognized;hi» animation and accuracy in descriptive narra¬
tive have won him a wide and a faithful puhll.»;hut he has don* enough work of an unsafIsfaetorynature to give «he re.ider pSUSa when It has come
to acknowledging tn him a veritable m«ster of theart of fiction. He Is sue!. a master in "Soldiers ofFortune." His defects haw disappear«»«!. The cock¬sure mannerisms and what might be eslled 'hecolor of an Inveterate crmmonplaceness have bothbeen escaped. What is presented between the rov¬
ers of this delightful novel Is the work of a mst»ire
romancer, writing out of a full mind and sure of
bla ground. From all points of view- It Is a goodbook. In that relation alone, to which referencehas been made above, In Its interpretation of the
tone and movement of a South American State InIts characteristic condition of fermentation, we arc
persuade«! that It Is unusually sympiitliet-» andexact. The reader Is not left to cultivate an Im¬
pulse of doubt. The whole thin« moves with such
nrtl»-ss celerity. P'-rh.ips a President In the tropic«does not play such a tortuous n.imc as that of the
Altares Of the present story; perhaps the new die*tator In the Held Is lees Of the meloilr.amaitc Indi¬vidual that we find Mr. Davis's Mendoza; but hehas certainly made those two men lifelike andconvincing, he his painted In Mme. Alvarez justthe sort of ambitious Woman who might be ex¬
pected to stand at the centre of such I crisis ns
thai in the affairs of "lancho which Is here de-
l irlbed, and th.« ba «aground l« Sited to the actors,
the scene Is absolutely vivid .nul deluding. Wa are
made to participate In tliWventa which have givena new power to the novelist's pen. und there Is not
a paire In the hook whDh falis of its iffect.
Poeefbly th.it last observation should be qnalifled.on pane IM the h« to. clay, Indulges in a apasm of
self-pity whl'-h la hardly worthy of him. Rut to
note this Is really to pay a tribute to the generalexcellence of the author's work, fer it WOUld be
impoeefMa lo resent the lapse if Mr. Devis badnot bepl Iba hero so true to himself In every other
episode ..f. th< story. Clsy is . man who c mid he
'consistent, who coulil be undevtstlflgl] strong andadmirable, without being ¦ prig, lie nils the sta««
with the aplomb of a man who is almost an Ad«mlrable «'rlchton. but h« never reuses (0 he ;i man,he Is always Interesting, always sympatheticHitherto Mr Davis has done Well In BketChhUJrather obvious types of the Van Hlbb«-r or Get»laglHr Sort, but be has dniwn In «'luv a figuregenuine dean throuch. and with thai touch of In¬dividuality about him which manes ¦ personage mfiction raasambered for bla own sake lnete«td of as atype. The other selon in tin- drama are Individu«aitz<-<l too. Tii«> amiable millionaire, with his im-»for his familv and his Bhrewd business facultv;ills serenely Impeccable daughter, Alice, and herImpiluous bttl mora lOVable sister, Hope, in-.« allbodied forth distinctly, snd the men who aurroundi'lay are equally well presented. They are alltlung into mi adventure the thrill of which MrDavla has communicated to his pas«.s as thouchwit in.m an effort, and the book Is elOOSd with a
feeling "f complete satisfaction. There Is only one
point on which It' would l.. interesting to havesome further iirik. dm MaeWilhama go to the.bungalow In white duck or the robes tjf conven¬tional human Intercourse? Mr. (¡Ibson. In his Illus¬tration, Is for the latter, but the text leaves thematter In doubt.
When Mr. Stephen Craaa publia-lied "The LittleRegiment," with some htorles In II that readers offiction will not nt onee forg.-t, It aaesnod evidentthat be had thrown off the Incubus of that niionsambition which had led him to produce su. h a
book us "Massle." Hut In "The Third Violet" hehas reverted, more or less, lo the worst side of hisrealistic Ideal, in other words, to the ¡«¡«le whereh«- Is not realistic ,,t all In any plausible »en«eThe pi«»t of his narrative i» good, and, pitched Inanother key. tin- book might have turned outwell. Rut Mr. Crane aeema to have not the im¬pression aomewhere tuai the Impecunious urti«tof to-day is iiotiiinc if not slangy ami the reverseof fastidious in his personal habita H« Introduces. frowsy young mode) upon the scene, a personwhom m would perhaps have u» believe hadcharma if »he hud he certslnly conceals ihemShe remains frowsy and repelled! to the end. Thebero baa a taint of eommonneaa which he can¬not shake off; tin» heroine suffer« in the same rrsfand, aitn the best win in the world, it is etuidinVuit to reach any conclueton other thun ih.itth.- compsnj is profoundly disagreeable whetherIn the country or the city. The »lory move» fromon« region t«> th<- other «nd I« true «nongn to thesuperficial aspeéis of both, but It« descriptions urnnever «piite sdsquste, ami when they ,i¦.-.-*i w,ti,some of the phenomena of hiimnii life they becomeeTOteeOjUe. For example: "Hawker turn«--'! andfound a young WMnan ref-srillng him. A wave ofastonishment whirled Into hi« hair" Mr Crap*will have to produce something better than "TheThird Violet" If he Is to keep on even the modesti,»_ oí ai» beat work.
LITERARY NOTES.It Is denied In the "Academy," apparently frith
authority, thnt Mr. Kipling did not go to the seat
of war In the East for "The London Times."
The centenary of the Battle of St. Vincent has
brought much Nelson literature to the front this
year, headed by Captain Mahan's fine biography,and now It la made known that a precious N*el»nnrelic will be sold at Sotheby's In the fall. !t Is the
manuscript of Lord Nelson's autobiography, which
he gave to John McArthur In 171», and which was
printed In the work of McArthur and Clark In
1809. Here is an opportunity for some lovers of his¬
tory and of letters to purchase the one memorialof Watson which It would be fitting to present to
Captain Mahan In recognition of hi» Invnluableservices to the literature of the great Admiral andof Brltlfih sea power.
Collectors Interested In the brothers Concourt
hnvaheen waiting Impatiently for the further cata¬
logues of the sale to arrive fr*m France, but
they are still delayed, Apparently the executors
are going to do the thing mentioned In this placeat the outset of the sale, they are going to move
heaven and earth to drag along the settlement of
the Cloncourt affairs so slowly that by the time the
famous "Academy" gets Its rights they will amount
to very little In francs and centimes. The accom¬
panying portrait of Edmond de (ïoncourt Is taken
from an etching by M. Hellen, and Is one of the
most picturesque drawings ever made from the
noted Frenohmin. He and his brother were both
sketched by more than one famous artist. It
would be Interesting to know what steps'the liter¬
ary executors of the brothers are taking to accumu¬
late data for a new "Life" to he published In 1900,when the concluding pages of the notorious Jour¬nal are given to the world It Is true that the
pair said enough about themselves, In all con¬
science, but their papers and collections make ,i
prrfeet mine of personalia, and Paris will be very
unlike herself if she does not contrive to bring a
formal biography to light when the time comes. Infact. It may be preparing now, so expcdltlously art*
these things dono to-day.
A great many authors and more outsiders, thelatter Including scores of publishers, have fromtime to time poured the vials of their wrath uponSir Walter Bes-int, protesting that the Authors"Society, of which he has been so conspicuous a
member, was dq^ig quite unnecessary work in
"looking after the Interest» of authors." It Is oftenstated that the Authors and the publishers are
capable of attending to their affairs without anyassistance from an officious society. But It looks,jus' the same, ns If the Authors' Society were ex¬
actly the thing needed, for hardly a week goes l>ywithout soma friction arising between author andpublisher. The latter has a blithe way with himwhen h» Is In the wrong that Is positively ex¬
hilarating. For example, one English writer solda couple of papers to a syndicate a while ago. Hehad no Idea that they were ever to he publishedIn book form. Perhaps If the syndicate had putthem Into a book by themselves he would not
have felt much aggrieved, but they suddenlyStinted the articles In a volume of a miscellaneous
character, giving the Impression that the authorshad eollaborateO. our author objects. The pub-Usher girds at him scornfully la the public prints.No doubt the publisher thinks he has Justice on
his side, but to most people It will seem the other
way. And here Is the Lenden publisher of a new
edition of Kipling's "Departmental Ditties*' who
has announced thnt it !s to be dedicated to "Bobs,"otherwise I,ord Roberts. Kvery one who saw that
announcement assumed that Kipling himself had
addressed this dedication to the man who has
figured so picturesquely In his writings. But It
turns out to be the publisher who has done the
iMng, and It would be Interesting to know what
Kipling thinks of it, nnd what Ix>rd Roberts will
MMsMer valuable In the episode.
It may be noted here, by the way, that anotherof Kipling's M-ealied leaccuraulss, in "Captain.Courageous»" has been Investigated wl'h resultsconfirmatory, of cours«-, of th»» author's arell-kno****lcare In matters of local significance We refer to
the "Virgin" rocks which one correspondent as¬
sured us not long Mnee could only exist In Mr.
Kipling's Imagination. Another commentator
writes; "R. K. 1» right.*n» usual. The Virgin
Rocks or the 'Virgins' as they are often called-
nre a group of banks where the wnter ranges In
depth from three to thirty fathom«. They lie about
seventy-five miles east of Cape Race and the group
Is seven miles north and south by about two miles
M8t and west. The r«n-k over which tb.er.»- Is only.bree fathoms, to be exact, lies In latitude north
4.; 2''. .".7"; longtltude west W 47' Hi". In time of
rough weather the sea breaks badly over this entire
.boni spot, which Is near the northern end of the
(Irani Bank«. You will ftr.d the above InformationIn the Navigators' <¡tilde for Newfoundland and
Labrador, page ML"
"The Martian" is to be published In book form
next fleptembe . The Harpers nre, of course, the
publishers In this country. The next thing to know
i--, the date of the appearance of a memoir of theauthor.
So much la said In dispraise of the diction of the
Scotch novelists of the day-a diction which «-very
cue knows Is as lucid and an eloquent as dictioncan possibly be.that we think the following frag¬ment from a book of "Braefoot Sketches," by Mr.J. Maefclnnen, will be welcomed for its ample Justl-llcatlon of the transparency und charm of "kail¬yard'' prose. Readers of Ian Maclarcn and Mr.Crockett will, of course, protest that It has far |sespoint, far less magic, than a page from either oftheir favorite authors, but It must b.« ndmittgd tli.itMr. Mackinnun bas a noble way with him. Thus:" Wangle 'b rlcht stoch.-lty.'" Ay, he'll nlvi-r gle ye u bit o' nnethlng.'" 'A'll watch him again. A '11 seen be K'-ttln' u
penny fa. my father.'" 'Am lettin' S penny on Setturday.'" Ta faer" 'Fae oor Geordle.'"'Ha! Ha!'" '(». bit a! a!'" 'l-'.it for d»ieln'?'" Never ye ound fat for daeln'.'" "ÖL A kent ye wlsna gettln't."" Bit A am sot gettln't. Surely A ken better gin
you.'" 'Its a' lees, It's a' lees, Its a' lees. Haud yer
tongue.'" No. A 'II nae baud my tongue. Fat dlv ye'_" 'Fa 's gyan owre ta. the smiddy?'" 'Me.' 'An' me.' An' me. "
Mrs. Alice Meynell ha» several new books Inpress. One of them, entitled "Flower of the Mind,"Is to be an anthology of th«- lust poems In the
English language. Anthol igles are always divert¬ing for reasons in addition to those Inherent In thepoem« themselves. ft Is always plcturenque uml
edifying to study Hie taste of the editor.
Tliero is something pathetic in the dolnga of thoseenergetic young dilettanti whose periodicals an«!books have compelled attention In this countryduring the last few years because of their Inipu-d« MM or comicality or preclousness, Now andthen one of the band will do i really fine piece ofwork and then spoil It through the crudity of hi»much-vaunted "taste " Mr. Libert Hubbard pro-vides a MUM In point. Ho has Just printed for MissAdeline Knapp u little buok will, h verge» on beingbeautiful Paper and t>-p«. ate .squlslte, from ('.»vi¬
to .ov.-r th«- mai-ufa. lure of the l.o,,|j |» wi-llnlgliperfect And then The Roycroft Printing Shop"must "adorn" tho pages with initials ami borders Incolors, It must put floral emhellM.ri.enta on thetitle page and It must abet Miss Knapp In produc¬ing this legend for the title page "This Then Is
Upland Pasture»," etc. etc., etc. To make mattersweise, at the end of the volume they print, "fíohere then en-leth l'pland Pastures by AdelineKnapp, as printed by me. Elbert Hubhard. st th«Roycroft Printing Shop in East Aurora, New-York, u. ¦. A." Co long as last Aurora confined
itself to passing vagaries like "The Philistine" It.
anncs wer»> amusing. But It s«*>**ms a pity that
craftsmen capable ot such good work as has been
put Into this book should be so willing to invalidsteit by affectations ¿nd Immature -esthetlHsm. IfMr. rfabbard will only take a piece of classicalliterature nnd print It ns It Is perfectly plain he
could print It. he will take rank among the best
of our professional bookmakers.
"Llpplneott's Mng.ir.1.1*" Is to have a new cover,
or rather a cover which wilt he a modification ofthe old one. That old one h is been so long familiarthat tho change will Interest many a mngatlnereader.
Tennyson's benrlshncss In his own house and Inthe homes of others has been so frequently com¬
mented upc n that nn anecdote Illustrative of an-
nther mood Is especially welcome. A correspondentof "The London Bpctntnr" says: "In lSiV). Justafter his marriage, when he was staying at Conls-ton, he came over to apon.1 a. day with my grand¬mother 'Mrs Fletcher, of Edinburgh'-at her housenear Orasmere. Some of us to.jk him up Easedale,showing lilm Wordsworth's haunts tlx-re, nnd when
we got In face of Sour Milk Ohyll be answered Its
voice heartily with 'Th.î stationary b'asts of war-
falls," etc. On Joining the old-fashioned familycurly dinner., he was Interested by the four gen¬
erations ut the long table, noticing especially one
little hoy of three: 'There's a glory about that
child'; and the homely fare se»med to please him
greatly, his face lighting up at the sight of a dishof beans nnd bacon, the like of which he had not
seen of late, and wished he saw offener. On tak-
lns leave he said: I've had a very Jolly day';and, altogether, the union of enthusiasm and sim¬
plicity stiuck us as another Instance of what we
had loi-r known In Wordsworth."
Dr. O. Blrkbeck TTil 1. the high priest of Dr. John¬
son, has put. In shape at last his two volumes of
"Johnsonian Miscellanies" and they will soon be
publlsh-d. In the first volume there will be gath¬ered together Johnson's prayer, and meditations,his account of his childhood, Mme. P'oszl's anec¬
dotes and Murphy's essays on the life and geniusof Johnson. The second volume will contain let¬
ters from Johnson to various persons, extracts frorr
the "Life." by Hawkins, many anecdotes drawn
from different sources, and, finally, I concordanceef Johnson's sayings. The volumes will be mad"uniform with those of Dr. Hill's well-known editionof Boswell.
A hook for which students have long been wait¬
ing Is In preparation In London. Mr. William
Strang, the well-known etcher, who got his pointof departure from Legros and then proceeded teshow how original he could b. In his master'»-
style, |s one of the authors, and Dr. Singer Is the
other. Their book, "Etching, Engraving and theOther Processes of Picture Printing," will give I
complete technical explanation of wood and stedengraving, drypolnt. m.-zzoflnt. aquatint, soft-
ground etching, lithography, photogravure, "half¬tone" and other prOesesM, There i.i no more awfultangl« of taohnlcalltles anywhere thin in the fiel 1
covered, by thin book. If It only combines luciditywith its technicality, It will be a boon beyor.d prl"--.
The Kelmscott Frees Is slowing down. Three
presses were In use during the lifetime of thefounder, but since his death only two have beenkept running. In order to complete the work heleft unfinished, and as soon as that work-Is out ofthe way the Press is expected to be abandoned.Regret is. of course, being expressed on all tide.,but it seems wise to discontinue the enterprise.Morris himself gavo It three-fourths of its reason
for being. Now that he Is gone, and such of his
prreepta have been adopted as were fitted to mod¬ern printing, there Is no occasion for the prolonga¬tion of the business.
Mr. Oeorge Allen, who for some years has been
Mr. Ruskln's publisher, announces a reissue of
"Modem Painters." It Is to be In small form, com¬
plete w!th ell the original Illustrations.
MAI MULLEWS FRIENDS.
REMINISCENCES OF EMERSON. LOWELL.
HOLMES AND OTHERS.Professor Max Müller In Cosmopolls.America does not send us Interviewers only, but
nearly nil their most eminent men and their most
charming women pay us the compliment of comingover to their old country. The*" generally rannolgive, us more ihan I few days, or it may be a fewhours only; and In that short «pace we also haveto learn how to measure 'hem, how to appreciateand love them. It lias to be none quickly, or not
at all Living at nxford. have nad the goodfortune of receiving visits from Kmen-on, Dr. Wen¬dell Holmes and Lowell, to speak of the brighteststars onlv. Each of thern .tared at our house forseveral da vs. so that 1 COUld take them in at leis¬ure, while others had to 1» taken St on- gulp, oftenbetween one train nnd the sont Oxford has a
gr«at attraction for all American* and It is a
pleasure to see how completely at home they feel inthe memories of th»» place. The days when Emer¬son. Wendell Holmes and Lowdl were Stayingwltn us the breakfasts and luncheon», the t--.,s
and dinners and the delightful walks through coi-i«ge halls, ch.pels ami gardens are possessions for¬ever.THE Ba-KMONl AND THE PULPIT.
Emerson. I am grieved to say. when during hislast visit to England h- Spent some days wltn us,
accompanied and watched over by his devoted«laughter, was already on tin» brink of tb.it mis¬fortune which overtook him in his old age. Hismemory often failed hltn, but as through a mistth«> bright and warm st n of his mind was always»bluing, and many of his quest l«>ns and answer.have remained engraved In my memory, w«-.ik andshaky as that too begins to be. I had forgottenthat Kmerson had ceased to be an a itlVe preacher,and 1 told him that I rather envied him the op¬portunity of speaking now and (hen to tils friendsand neighbor, on subjects on which we csn seldom;-(..ik except In church. He then told me not onlywhat be had told Others, that "he had had enoughof It." but he referred 10 an episode in his life, orrather in that of his brother, which struck me as
very significant at th. time, "There was an ec¬
clesiastical leaven In our family." he said. "Mybrother ami I were both meant for the ministryin th«». 1'nltarlnn community. My brother was sentby my father to German) (I believe to OOttlngen),and after a thorough study of theology was return¬ing to America. On the voyage horn«- the ship was«aught in a Violent gai.-, slid all hope of savingIt and the HVU. of the passengers was given up.At that time my brother said his prayers, andmade a vow that If his life »hould he spared hewould never preach «gain, but give up theologyaltogether and earn an honest living in some otherway. Tho ship weathered the storm, mv brother'sllf.» was saved, and, in spite of all en tren ties, hekept his vow, Something of the same kind mavhave influenced me," he added; "anvhow, I fellthnt there was Uifter work for me to «lo than topr.a.-h from the pulpit." And so, no doubt, therewas. for this wonderfully gifted man, particularlyat the time and in the place where he lived A fewyears' study at <ii">tt Ingen might have been usefulto Kmerson by showing him the track followed byother explorers of the unknown sea. of religionnnd philosophy, bul he fell In himself the for--.- ugrapple with the gnat problems of the worldwithout going tirst to school to learn how othersbefore him had grappled with them. And this was
perhaps the best for him and for us. His fresh¬ness and his courage remained undamped bv thefailures cf othwrs, and hi. directness or Judgmentand poetical Intuition had freer scope 1rs his rnap-sodles than It would have hud in learned treatises.1 do not wonder that philosophers by professionbad nothing to say to his essays bec.tise they didnot seem to advance, their favorite inquiries beyondthe point they had rea. he.I before Hut there 'weremany people, particularly In America, to whomthss. rliapsodl<-s did more good than any Icanioldisquisition, or carefully arranged sermons. ThereIs In them what attracts us s» much In th.- an¬cients, freshness, directness, self-contldence, un-swervlng loyalty to truth, as far as they couid seeIt. He had no one to fear, no one to please. So¬crates or Plato, if suddenly brought to life agnlnlu America, might have spoken like Kmerson andthe effect produced by Emerson Was Certainly lilt.»that produced by Socrates In olden times.Another eminent American who often honored mv
quiet home st Oxford was Jame« Russell I owsllfor a time t'nltc.l Stat.s Mlnls-ter In England ||'wns a professor and at the sime time a politiciannnd a man of th<» world. Few essavs are so brimful of Interesting facts and original reflection« ashis essays entitled "Among My {looks" Ills "Hl_low Papers," which made him one of the lendlnatmen in the United States, appeal paturaltv »nAmerican rather than to cosmopolitan readersBut In six-lety he was nt home In England as muchas In America, In Spain ns well ns |n Holland
I ..»mi- to km»*- him first as a sparkling correa,pondent, and then as a delightful friendHere Is the letter which began our Intimacy;
"fiegaolon d«> los Estados Unidosde America sn Esparta"l read with great satisfaction what voii wrote
about jade.« (hie is tempted to cry out with Marlowe's Tamburlalne. 'How now. ye pampered ladeaof Asia!' One thing In the discussion hoVatnickme u gj4Kl deal, and that Is, the crude notion whichIntelligent men have of the migration of' At»I think most men's conception of distance is verymuch .. creutun» of maps which make'crlrnTnrtnry nnd England not more than a foot nnurt.0 that the fact of the ol.jI rhyme-'to dam* outf Ireland Into I-ranee, look» easy. Thev seem to
think that the shifting of habitation was aecom-illshed like a modern journey by rail, and that the-migrants wouldn't tn-ed tools by the way or wouldbuy Hum at the nearest shop after tl/SIr arrivalThere l«< nothing the Ignorant and poorcllng to soentu-ioutdy as their familiar household utensilsneredlble thinics are brought every day to American th.» luggage of .migrant, things often mostumbrous to curry and Utterly úselos. In the newome Famuli's thai w.-nt from our .aboard tohe West a ci-ntury ago, through an almost Im¬penetrable wilderness, carried with them all theirliuncstIc potH and puns even thoee, I should bellllng to wager, that necled the tinker. 1 re-
.1 h-.l written rotas article» In "The Time»" t.» »hewh.it Who. w* .Met With la.1« Ute!« In ..«mirle» far re
\-4 fr..m the few mire» In which Isiie I» Muni w«admit mut ih-v wrrr ..inied »long n« precious heir.
.»»ins hv th» e«rli«»t en.isranl» trim Asia to Eur«»p#. byha »»»-ne Mtpta wm> curried the tool» of thflr mind that
ilia word« of ih«ir Ur-cuage. from thalr original horn*.th* slprss uf ths M*0li«rraii*sa, to leslaae, to IrelandIn toa «nd IS Am-rlca.
member very well the atarting of an expedlttaafrom my native town of Cambridge In fci forOregon, under the lead of a csptaln «-.f «restenergy and resource. They started In WKfOn« In¬geniously contrived so as to be taken to plecee thebody forming a boat for crossing river« the»carried everything they eould think at with theresnd got safely to the other side of the «ontlient*a« hard a Job. I fancy, «« our Aryan ancestor» hodto do. There I« hardly a family of English descentIn New-Kngland that doesn't cherub a« an rnHr.loom something brought over by the first anceetore2S0 vears ago. And beside the motive of utlltwthere Is that also of sentiment--partlcii|«rly strongIn the cuse of an old fool. Faithfully yours,
"J. R LOWELL."Lowell'« conversation was Inexhaustible, hi« in¬
formation astonishing. Pleasant as he was, »veas« an antagonist, he would occasionally lose hitemper and use very emphatic langusa«. 1 wa«ore.» sitting next to him when I heard him »laagerUs neighbor, a young lady, by hur«tlng out with"Hut madam, I do not accept your major premise!»*Peor thing, »he »vident ly wa« not seeuetomed toauch language, and not acquainted with that ter¬rible term. Hhe collapsed, evidently «pipe at a 1',«.,as to what gift on her part Mr. Lowell fiecllncd toaccept.Sometime« even the m Mil harmless remark «bom
Arnerl«» would call form v-iv »o^r,. repUa « fr«»rehim. Kverybcdv know» that 'he salarie« paid byAmerica to her diplomatic staff are Inetlftlcleht, andno one knew It better than h* himself j¡,i; wn«athe remark was made m hl» presence that thet'nlted State« treated their diploma*!" represent»*,lives stingily, he fired up, and dlecouraed most elo.fluently on the advantage« of high th iiiaht» xnihumb'e living. HI.«-eléveme»» and r'-sdln»«» In writ.Ing occasional verse» have tj»nme proverbial, and Jam glad to t»e able to add two mort ta the MMJeux d'esprit of this brilliant and amiable g i«»«t
Had I all tongues Max Miller know«,i could not with them altogether
Tell half the debt a stranger owe«whs Oxford aces in pleasant weather.
The halls, the gardens, and the «»und»,Th«-re-» nought can match them on tlill .SoeTL
Smiled or. by all the partial god«Sime Alfreii (If 'twas he» began K;
Hut more than all the welcome.» warm.Thrown thick .» lavish han-l«. coiill to»» «aas.
Why. they«] b_ve wooeu in wtoter«etornOne'« very umbrella-.«tick to MeaSSSS!
Hrlng me a cup of All Soul«' ale.Hetter than e'er was bought with tttler,
To drink (<> may the vow prevail»The health of Max» and Mr» M 11.. -.
.("Pnfessor" I would fain have esM,Hut the pinched line would no-, aim.- i«.
And where the nail submits |r» he» |,There must the hasty hammer hit !.')
Abundant a» was hi« wit In th» tros »«n«» af thatword, his kindness wa» e«i«ially ae After .-» hadwritten the above verses for mv sife my younedaughter »Beatrice (now Mr«, i'olyer K«nfuseon).«bed iilm. aa young la lie« are wont t> .10 for a;- w line» for- herrn if He at Once r » mv-d bti nanand wrote:
O'er the wet «and« an Insect creptAges er» man on ear,h v î« known.And patient Time, while Nature «.«¦;¦.The slender tracing turne'i to iton».
'Twas the firs« autograph* snd sunfPrithep, how much Of pro«e r,r «ore,In league wi-h 'he Creative pow»r».Shall .-'»ape Obllvion'i broom M long?
In great hast».. . Faithfully »ours, \
24th June, r*M, j. ¦. I itvrr.L.There wa.» no suhjee; on w-hl^h on/ COuM 'ouch
that was not familiar to the Airo, rat of tl - ,' r-,,*-ffcat Table. Hla tnoughta and bla worda were i.and one felt rh.it It was not for the flr«- ttUM thatth«» subject had t-een carefullv Thought oui arttalked ou: by him. That he should hive bean able tostund al the fatigue of his tourney and 'he con¬stant claims on his ready aril seemed to me mar¬vellous. I had the jil. asure of snowing run th*«»id buildings of oxford. He s««med to know themall. snd had something to ask an«l to my aboutevery oneWhen we came to Magdalen College he -. «cd t.-,
se., ¡mil to measure the elms He «re« very proudof some elms in Amortes, and i- tuallybrought some s'rlng with Which he hnd tr --»uredthe largest tree he knew In his own country Hoproceeded to m«»n-ore one of c'ir finest elm« Is M»g-dalen College, and when he found th.v II w.t«larger than his Amerlc.-m giant, he stood » « for» Itadmiring it. without a single word of envj r db>appointment.\ I'n.WKHSATloN WITH THE AUTOCRAT.
I bad, however, a «reat fright while he wa« »fay¬ing at our ho'ise ne liad evidently done too much,and after our first dinner he had feverish «hiver«ing fits, and th«1 doctor whom I lent f »r -'e^Uredat once that he mu«-t keep perfectly auiet In led,und Attend no more panic of any klrni Tr.i» wasi great disappointment to myself and to many ofmy friends. But at til» Mme of lif. the doctor'»warning« could not be disreKP-d'-d. and F haL at-ill events, the satisfaction of sending him off to»'.-imbrldge safe and sound. I hnd :rr¡ «« reral «Jay«quite to myself, and there w*r.» few sul leets whichwe did not discuss We mostly ag .¦ »I, but ever,where we did not It wa« a rei 1 pie ire to differfrom him. VTedtrcuased the gr« the «mall¬est o»i"stions. and on every one he had mas wise»n I telllnsr remarks to pour out. I r- ir..-m!v>r one
long «Tin versa i Ion while we were sl'rir.ir in an oldwainscoted roi»m at All Roula', orn imented withthe arms of former fellows, it !>;,-: I-en ..* hr-tthe library of the college, then n\-.- .,' «h- felloe «
r«>oms, and lastly a lecture-room. Wi were de«p inhe old question of the true relation between theDivine ,on«l the human In m-«n. Snd bare aRain, a«on all other questions, eviythlnir »«...ined «.> to.bar nn«l evident to his mln«l. Perhaps t burnt nottO repeat what he said to me wrb'ii are iir'ed;"I have hnd much talk with people In I'r.irian«*.;with vou I have had a real conver« * ". Weunderstood each other. an«l wornli.¦.-. I how II wa»
that m«-n so often mlaunderetood ne Khar. I.old him that It was the badness if our language;he thoiiuht it was th.. badness of ur t-mper».Perhaps WO were both rieht. With him i't-atn sood-by was goodby for life, and at such moment«,u:e wonders Indeed how kindred ron» i. asM ns»irit«"l. and ..-..- feela startled snd repelí« at th*iho'ierht that, sm-h ae they were on earth, they cannever meet again. Ami yet there is c nttoefcyin the world, there is no flaw, n.» break sni where,and what baa been will surely be again, thoughhow it will be we cannot know, nr.«i u only »».truel in th«- Wisdom that p< rva.l« s the Whole uni¬verse, «re need not knowWere i to write down my more or less casual
meetings with men «>f literary eminence, I shoul«!have miieh mure to sa v. much thill Wa« of deepInterest and value to myaelf, but woukl irdljf beof Interest to oth«-rs. I felt greatly fla'- ;-e<l. forinstance, when years ago, Macaulay it.v. me tosee him at the Albany and to diseuse wi-v :m thenew regulations for th«» Irdlen «"ivil Bervl -. Thi»must have been In about l»ñl I was quite a voungand unknown man at the time, but 1 h id ..'readymode his acquaintance at Buneen's house wheretie had been asked to meet Herr von Find iwtta, fore shurt time Prime Minister In Prussl i. and themost famous talk«-r in «lermany. It was Indeed atournament to watch, but ¡is It was i K-igU»h,which Ki'ilowltz spoke well, yet not well enoughfor sui'h a contest. Macaulay earrli I the day,though Rsdowlta «>x«-elin,i in repart«.. In anecdotesand in a certain elegance more telll k In Trench'hsn In »English.
I went to call on Macaulav In Load« n well pro¬vided as I thought with facts and argumenta tnsupport of the necessity of Oriental etu-l' ¦ whichI knew !:«. had always discourage«!. In th. prepara¬tion and examination of candidates for th>' IndianCivil Service He began by telling me 'nat hekn.-w nothing <.f Indian languag« s and li'eriture.and that he wanted tu know n'l I had to say on th«real advantages to l»< derived by young Ivlllar.«from a study of »Sanscrit. I have alr.a.'.-, p-iblishedseveral letters In "The Times" on the subject andhi il carried on a l»ng controversy with Bit «'harle«Trevelyan. afterward published in a pamphlet, ee>titled, '.Correspondence Relattr.g to the EatabllslNmenl of an Orwntal t'oliepe in London."MACAULAT AND ORIENTAL STI'PIES.
Macaulay, after sitting down, asked me a numberof quest lona, but before 1 had time to answer anyone of them he began to relate hi» own expert«. in-«-.« In India, dilating on the dlfferenco hrtweeaa scholar and ¡i man of business, giving a fill ac¬count of his controversy while In India, with meolike Professor Wilson and others, who maintainedthat Kngllsh would never become the minage ofIndia, expressing his own strong convictI« n to thecontrary, and relating s number of anc" lot« », »how«Inn that the nfltlves learned English far rn.ire . .1 slljrthan the English <x»ul«l ever l-.«r>i Hindu anee orSanscrit. Then he brancbrd off Int dtspareg»Ing remarks about Sanscrit literature, ti.ilarlyabout tlieir legal literature, eut« ring minutely Intothe question of what authority could tre*ssatgned tothe Laws of Manu, and of what possible u».» theycould I.«» in determining lawsuit» between live«etnllng up with the usual diatribes about the un-
truthfulness of the natlvs of I idla, and the«r un-
trustwortntnees sa aritneeeea In a curt of lawThis went on for nearly an heir and wa* very
pleasant to listen to. but mont disappointing to a
young man who had conn \«. rli S th fictsto meet all these argumenta, an arho ..'¦ '. In vainto tlnd a <han«-e to put In « .' ' At theend of this so-called conversa n .". thanaaime for the u.«eful Information 1 I I liven him,an.l I went hack to Osfofd I Mil OPS. a
wiser man. What I had chiefly wl«bed to Impreaeon him was that Haihybury shcubl not be «up-pressed, but should be ImpftM I; ¦ not t«
ended, bm mended. But It i »osier l more
popular I«' suppress ir. and .-uja--e--. d It wa«; »|>
that In England, which has the Mrgest OrientalEmpire In the w«»rld. there 1« now not a »Ingleschool or seminary for the teaching of orientallanguages whereas Prance, Italy, l'ru*»U. Austriaand Russia have a ! found It « X| Odlenl 0 h IVe BUCllestablishments and to support 'hem by liberalgrant! P.vervbody now begins to »eo that tlie»«Governments ar.« reaping their rewards, bul In Knt;-land the old nrg'iment remslnl the «ame. "W,> e»n
always find Interpreten If we pss them well, «ndIf we only sp«-ak loud enough the natives never
fall to umlerstand Whs, we m.'»n."Thl« is r.o «loulu much the s.ime as what Mr.
I ¿yard meant when he explained to me how hemanaged to keep his diggers in order: "I «peak Eng¬lish to them; if they <h> not undentaad, » «hout at
Ihem- If they won't Obey, I kaock them down; ana
If thev »how rtuht. I «hoot them down." No douot
thl« was an exaggeration, but it certainly «Joes not
prove the uselessness of a thorough knowledge ofOriental language» for those who are »ent to theP.ast to govern millions, and not to shout at them,or to knock them down _
Another true trend of mine was Arthur Helpe,the author of "Friend« In Council, and for a longtime clerk to the Privy «'our.l He often paid u«
a visit on his way to or from Itlenhelm. where heused to stay with th. then puke_of Mar -»rough.He hn.l a very hle;h «»pinion of the Duke » abilityae prealdenl of th.» «'ouncll «n«l «. »nsi.lere.l his |-_r-sonai Influence moot Important At the time of a«han««« of Ministry, you aboald aee the members ofthe Cabinet " he »aid. "People Imagine thev are
miserable and «tisbenitened Th.« fact U they are
like a P»«'k of schoolboy» going home for their
holidays and »eranihllng out of the Council cham¬ber as fast a« ever they cas."Onee when he csme to «t«k- with u« on hi« return
from Blenheim, he told me now the Duke had leftthe «tav before for London, and that on that veryday the emu had laid an egg. The Duke had takenthe it rea test Intercet In his emu», and had longlooked forward to this event A telegram was sentto the Duke, which, when shown to Mr Helpe, rassa follows: "The emu has Itld an egg, and In theabsence of Tour Grace wt have taken th« largas}atoase wo could Aod to halsh. Ik"
