Post on 22-Feb-2016
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COS STANDARD 12
Describe the founding of the first abolitionist societies by Benjamin Rush and Benjamin Franklin and the role played by later critics of slavery, including William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, Angelina and Sarah Grimké, Henry David Thoreau, and Charles Sumner.
DESCRIBING THE RISE OF RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS IN OPPOSITION TO SLAVERY, INCLUDING OBJECTIONS OF THE QUAKERS
EXPLAINING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NORTHWEST ORDINANCE OF 1787 THAT BANNED SLAVERY IN NEW STATES NORTH OF THE OHIO RIVER
DESCRIBING THE RISE OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD AND ITS LEADERS, INCLUDING HARRIET TUBMAN AND THE IMPACT OF HARRIET BEECHER STOWE’S UNCLE TOM’S CABIN, ON THE ABOLITIONIST MOVEMENT
Chapter 8 and 10
Opposition to Slavery From the start of the US, Americans
increasing wanted to rid themselves of slavery. Equality and liberty
By the 1830s, more Americans wanted the immediate end to slavery. Pits the North against the South
Gradualism: the movement to gradually end slavery in the US
Opposition to Slavery continued Quakers and Baptists opposed slavery. Gradually ending slavery would come
in stages. Do not import anymore slaves Phase out slavery first in North and Upper
South, then in Lower South Slaveholders would be compensated for
their loss. Gradualism would give the south’s
economy time to adjust.
Opposition to Slavery continued Americans realized that ending slavery
would not end racism. Return slaves back to Africa: American
Colonization Society The ACS founded a colony in West Africa called
Liberia. The capitol was called Monrovia. Not realistic
Cost is high ACS dependent upon donations, cannot raise
enough money Moving 1.5 million people to Africa Slaves regard America as their home
Liberia
Opposition to Slavery continued Abolitionism: the movement to rid
the US of slavery immediately No compensation to the slaveholders
and no gradual measures Grew strength from Second Great
Awakening
Famous Abolitionists Benjamin Rush: prominent Americas, signer of
the Declaration of Independence, against slavery after having a dream, Quaker influenced
Benjamin Franklin: owned 2 slaves but later freed them once he realized slavery was bad, related to British relationship to Americans, Quaker
William Lloyd Garrison: The Liberator, believed slavery was immoral and slaveholders were evil, the only option is immediate emancipation (freeing all slaves), Quaker influenced
Frederick Douglass: The North Star Sojourner Truth: former slave who spoke about
freedom
Famous Abolitionists Sara and Angelina Grimke: Quakers,
letter was published in the Liberator, feminists and abolitionists
Henry David Thoreau: wrote Slavery in Massachusetts
Charles Sumner: senator from Massachusetts who opposes slavery, Sumner caning
Famous Abolitionists
Famous Abolitionists
Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Determines how
a territory becomes a state
Provides a framework to govern the territory
60,000 people must live in a territory before it can become a state
Bans slavery above the Ohio River
Underground Railroad A series of trails and safe places to the north
for slaves to travel when escaping the south Members of the UR were called conductors Harriet Tubman: also known as Moses,
famous conductor of the UR, runaway slave, risked freedom 19 times to save others
Levi Coffin: Quaker, allowed escaped slaves to stay at his home in Indiana and Ohio
UR deepened Southern mistrust of Northern intentions.
Underground Railroad
Harriet Tubman and Levi Coffin
Harriet Beecher Stowe Wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Relationship between Tom, the slave, and his overseer, Simon Legree
Changed Northern perceptions of slavery
Depicted slaves as real people imprisoned in bad situations
Southerners tried unsuccessfully to have the book banned Distortions and falsehoods
Considered a cause of the Civil War