Performance-enhancing drugs in sports - Wild Apricot...2014/12/12 · The list – concentrations...

transcript

Performance-enhancing drugs insports

DoCoLab – Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences – GE06 http://www.DoCoLab.UGent.be/

P. Van Eenoo

The list – concentrations (1)

- Prohibited substances and methods: OOC-“Non-approved” substances-Anabolic Agents (0.2 – 5 ng/ml) -Hormones and related-b2-agonists (0.2 – 20 ng/ml)-Hormone antagonists and modulators (20 ng/ml)-Diuretics and masking agents (2-200 ng/ml)-M1: improving O2-transport-M2: Chemical and physical manipulation-M3: Gene doping

The list – concentrations (2)

- Prohibited substances and methods: IC-everything OOC-Stimulants (100 ng/ml)-Narcotics (10-250 ng/ml)-Cannabinoids (1-7.5 ng/ml)-Glucocorticosteroids (30 ng/ml)

- Prohibited substances in particular sports: IC-Alcohol

-Beta-blockers (100 ng/ml)

S1. Anabolic Agents

Anabolic Agents

• Exogenous anabolic steroids• Endogenous anabolic steroids• Other anabolic agents• Examples:‣stanozolol, boldenone, trenbolone, methyltestosteron, THG, etc.‣testosterone, DHEA, androstenedione, norandrosterone‣clenbuterol, zilpaterol, zeranol, SARMs

Side-effects?

• men: getting more feminine• women: masculinisationOther side-effects: Acne (a)

Liver cysts (b)

Shrinking of testis (c)

Gynaecomastia (d)

Degeneration of the skeletal system Cardiovascular disturbances Deepening of the voice (women)

Beard growth (women) baldness (man) Increased aggressiveness (a) Melnik, Jansen & Grabbe (2007): J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 5

(2):110-117. © by courtesy van Wiley-Blackwell(b, c) Kistler (2006): Dissertation, LMU, München(d) Prof. Dr. F. Beuker, Düsseldorf

Non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators

Aryl-propionamide based SARMS:-Pharmaceutical Industry: Clinical trials

-OstarineTM : Clinical trial Phase IIb (GTx, Inc)

World Anti-Doping AgencyProhibited List 2008

Doping Control laboratories:-Synthesis, characterisation method development -Thevis et al. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 20 (2006) 870-876

-In-vitro metabolism- Kuuranne et al. Drug Metab Disposit 36 (2008) 571-581

Aryl-propionamide based SARMS:-“research chemicals”/”nutritional supplements”

Thevis et al. Drug testing and analysis 1 (2009) 387-392

S2. Peptide hormones, growth factors andrelated substances

• Erythropoietine (EPO) and analogues‣Stimulate production of RBC – endurance ↑‧EPO (α, β, d, γ, κ, λ, ω, θ, z)‧Darbepoetin-a (NESP, CRESP, analogues)‧CERA (methoxy polyethyleneglycol-epoietin β)‧EPO-Fc

‣Increased blood viscosity, risk of high bloodpressure and blood cloths

S2. EPO

• exogenous vs endogenous

BRP+NESP huEPO BRP+NESP a+b-EPO NESP a-EPO -EPO DYNEPO -EPO BRP+NESP

Blood Passport

Blood parameters UCI-HCT and Hgb

- > 50 % and > 17 g/dl (♂) ; 47 % and 16 g/dl (♀)

-%reticulocytes (<0,20 %)

-Stimulation index = Hb (g/l) - 60 √ reti (%)- > 133 (♂) ; 123 (♀)

-Total Hgb MassPromer N et al. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37 (2005) S64

Scumacher YO et al. Clin. J. Sport Med 18 (2008) 172-173

-Blood paspoort

- Blood passport- Individual reference values-Bayesian model

- Expert interpretation-3 experts-Extensive knowledge of

-Hematology-Sports fysiology-Etc

-Independent interpretation-Taking into account all arguments of athlete!-Same conclusion-Doping scenario

Blood Passport

• hCG and LH‣In males (only)‧To stimulate endogenous production of steroids

‣♂: allergy, nausea, gynaecomastia

‣Possible production by (testicular) carcinoma

• hCG and LH‣In males (only)‧To stimulate endogenous production of steroids

‣♂: allergy, nausea, gynaecomastia

‣Possible production by (testicular) carcinoma

• Growth hormone and insuline growth factors‣Muscle growth/Recovery

‣Cardiovascular diseases‣Abnormal bone growth‣Muscle and joint pain‣Creutzfeld-Jakob

• Insuline‣Induction of production of HGH‣Hypoglycemie, hypothermie, infarct

• Corticotropines (ACTH)‣Increase in prodcution of endogenous

corticosteroids/Euphoria

‣Osteoporosis, water retention,…

M1 Manipulation of blood and bloodcomponents

1. The administration or reintroduction of any quantity of autologous, allogenic (homologous)or heterologous blood or red blood cellproducts of any origin into the circulatorysystem

2. Artificially enhancing the uptake, transport ordelivery of oxygenIncluding, but not limited to

perfluorochemicals

efaproxiral (RSR13)

modified haemoglobin products (e.g. haemoglobin-based bloodsubstitutes, microencapsulated haemoglobin products)

excluding supplemental oxygen

• 3. Any form of intravascular manipulation ofthe blood or blood components by physical orchemical means

Thanks to…

- All colleagues @ DoCoLab-

www.waads.org

Performance-enhancing drugs in sports - Wild Apricot...2014/12/12 · The list – concentrations...

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