Post on 02-Jan-2016
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PlantsPlants
General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics
EukaryoticEukaryotic MulticellularMulticellular Perform photosynthesisPerform photosynthesis Alternation of generationsAlternation of generations
Alternation of Alternation of GenerationsGenerations
One haploid generationOne haploid generation One diploid generationOne diploid generation
Alternation of Alternation of GenerationsGenerations
BryophytesBryophytes
LiverwortsLiverworts HornwortsHornworts MossesMosses
BryophytesBryophytes
Small plants that grow in moist places on Small plants that grow in moist places on landland
Damp rocks, logs, forest floor, swamps, Damp rocks, logs, forest floor, swamps, marshes, beside streams and poolsmarshes, beside streams and pools
Flagellated sperm cellsFlagellated sperm cells Lack vascular tissuesLack vascular tissues
TracheophytesTracheophytes
Vascular plantsVascular plants Adapted to living on landAdapted to living on land
PsilopsidsPsilopsids
Club MossesClub Mosses
HorsetailsHorsetails
FernsFerns
Seed PlantsSeed Plants
TracheophytesTracheophytes
Protective layer of cells around Protective layer of cells around reproductive organsreproductive organs
Multicellular embryosMulticellular embryos Cuticles – waxy covering on outer cellsCuticles – waxy covering on outer cells XylemXylem
Vascular TissuesVascular Tissues
Specialized tissues for transporting water Specialized tissues for transporting water and nutrientsand nutrients
Xylem – transports water and mineralsXylem – transports water and minerals Phloem – transports water and foodPhloem – transports water and food
Xylem and PhloemXylem and Phloem
GymnospermsGymnosperms
Cone-bearing plantsCone-bearing plants Produce male and female conesProduce male and female cones
GymnospermsGymnosperms
AngiospermsAngiosperms
Flower-bearing plantsFlower-bearing plants Seeds are contained in a protective wall Seeds are contained in a protective wall
that develops into a fruitthat develops into a fruit
FlowersFlowers
Double-fertilizationDouble-fertilization
Parts of PlantsParts of Plants
RootsRoots
Anchor plant in soil or to objectAnchor plant in soil or to object Absorb water and mineralsAbsorb water and minerals Store carbohydrates, water and other Store carbohydrates, water and other
nutrientsnutrients
Root StructureRoot Structure
Types of RootsTypes of Roots
TaprootTaproot
A thick root that has smaller, side-A thick root that has smaller, side-branching roots, e.g. cassava, carrots, branching roots, e.g. cassava, carrots, beets, parsnips and turnipsbeets, parsnips and turnips
Used for storageUsed for storage
Tap rootsTap roots
Fibrous RootsFibrous Roots
Made up of many smaller branching rootsMade up of many smaller branching roots All about the same size and grow from a All about the same size and grow from a
central pointcentral point Do not grow as deeply, e.g. grass, Do not grow as deeply, e.g. grass,
strawberries, blueberries, scallions, strawberries, blueberries, scallions, marigolds and white clovermarigolds and white clover
Fibrous RootsFibrous Roots
StemsStems
Provide support and attachment for roots, Provide support and attachment for roots, leaves, buds and flowersleaves, buds and flowers
Allow growth in length and thicknessAllow growth in length and thickness Transport water and minerals from roots Transport water and minerals from roots
to leavesto leaves Transport carbohydrates from leaves to Transport carbohydrates from leaves to
other partsother parts
Types of StemsTypes of Stems
RhizomeRhizome
An underground, horizontal stem that live An underground, horizontal stem that live through the winter, e.g. irisesthrough the winter, e.g. irises
TuberTuber
An enlarged portion of a rhizome, e.g. An enlarged portion of a rhizome, e.g. potatopotato
BulbBulb
A shortened, compact, underground stem A shortened, compact, underground stem that is surrounded by fleshy leaves. E.g. that is surrounded by fleshy leaves. E.g. onions, daffodils and tulipsonions, daffodils and tulips
StolonsStolons
Also known as runners – aboveground Also known as runners – aboveground stems, e.g. clover and strawberriesstems, e.g. clover and strawberries