PROTECTING  OPERATING  ROOM  PERSONNEL  FROM  SURGICAL  SMOKE:  DESIGN  OF  AN  ERGONOMIC  

ELECTROSURGERY  SMOKE  EVACUATOR  

Jacqueline  Soicher,  Quan  Guo  Chao  Jin,  Navid  Shirzad    September  26th,  2014  

Engineers  in  Scrubs  (EiS)  Program  designed  to  foster  innovaCon  in  medical  technology  by  training  biomedical  engineers  in  clinical  environments.    

–  Find  the  biomedical  technology  gaps  in  the  medical  field  –  Generate  an  innovaCve  design  that  fulfills  a  true  clinical  need  

ObjecCves  

•  User  Centered  Design  Process  •  AdopCon  of  a  device  relies  on  its  ability  to  integrate  into  the  medical  field  

•  Contextual  Needs  vs  FuncConal  Requirements  •  Case  Study:  Smoke  EvacuaCon  Device      

User  Centered  Design  Process  

Phase  I   Needs  Finding  

Phase  II     Needs  Screening  

Phase  III   Concept  GeneraCon  

Phase  IV   Concept  SelecCon  

Phase  I:  Needs  Finding    

•  Needs  IdenCficaCon  – ConsultaCon  with  Professionals  – Clinical  ObservaCon  – Clinical  Research  

•  ObservaCon  – Understand  and  Characterize  Need  

•  Needs  Statement  – SoluCon-­‐Independent  Key  Points  

QualitaCve  research  through  clinical  immersion  to  inform  engineers  and  engage  health  professionals  to  co-­‐create  technologies.  

•  Discuss  issues  in  vascular  surgery  •  IdenCfy  issues  that  can  be  solved  by  engineers  •  Do  preliminary  research  to  chose  idea  with  most  potenCal  

Device  Design:  Needs  IdenCficaCon  ConsultaCon  with  Vascular  Surgery  (MedTech  Cafe)  

 

Device  Design:  Needs  IdenCficaCon  Clinical  ObservaCon  

Buffalo  Filter's  PlumePen®  Surgical  Plume  Evacua8on  Pencil  

Device  Design:  Needs  IdenCficaCon  Current  Smoke  EvacuaCon  Systems  

A B

CONMED  (A)  and  Echmann  (B)  Equipment  Wand  Mounted  VSES  

•  Surgical  Masks  •  Vacuum-­‐based  System  •  Wand  Mounted  System  •  Endoscopic  Smoke  EvacuaCon  System  

Surgical  Smoke  

•  Toxic  •  Produced  by  Electrosurgery  •  Health  Hazard  

Current  Technology  

•  Bulky  External  Vacuum    •  Add-­‐on  •  Effects  Dexterity  

Technology  Gap  

•  Contextual  Needs  •  FuncConal  Requirements  •  User  Centered  Design      

A B

Device  Design:  Needs  IdenCficaCon  Technology  Gap  

 

Device  Design:  Needs  IdenCficaCon  Needs  Statement  

Device  Design:  Needs  IdenCficaCon  Needs  Statement  

User  Centered  Design  Process  

Phase  I   Needs  Finding  

Phase  II     Needs  Screening  

Phase  III   Concept  GeneraCon  

Phase  IV   Concept  SelecCon  

Phase  II:  Needs  Screening    

•  Disease  Fundamentals  – Fundamental  Knowledge  – Clinical  Relevance  – Emerging  Technologies  

•  Stakeholders  Analysis  •  Market  Analysis  

 

AddiConal  research  to  establish  an  unbiased  understanding  of  the  contextual  needs  and  funcConal  requirements.  

Device  Design:  Needs  IdenCficaCon  Preliminary  Research  

Surgical  Smoke:    •  95%  Evaporated  Water  •  5%  CombusCon  by-­‐products  and  Cellular  Debris  –  Benzene,  phenols,  nitriles  and  fady  acids  

–  Acrylonitrile  and  carbon  monoxide  

–  Airborne  Virus  (HIV,  HepaCCs)  

Preliminary  Stakeholder  Analysis  

Affects  people  within  close  proximity  to  the  electrosurgery.    O.R.  Personnel  •  Surgeon    •  Fellows  &  Residents  •  Scrub  nurse  •  PaCent  (in  laparoscopic  surgery)  

Market  Analysis  

•  Electrosurgical  devices  market  $1.0  billion  (2011,  U.S.)  

•  Forecast  6.0%  increase/year  in  value    •  UClizaCon  of  electrosurgery  is  increasing    •  Growing  demand  for  new  technologies  

User  Centered  Design  Process  

Phase  I   Needs  Finding  

Phase  II     Needs  Screening  

Phase  III   Concept  GeneraUon  

Phase  IV   Concept  SelecCon  

Phase  III:  Concept  GeneraCon  

Once  the  needs  are  well-­‐defined,  it  is  Cme  to  use  ideaCon  and  brainstorming  to  find  new  soluCons  

Phase  III:  Concept  GeneraCon  

•  Brainstorming  – Open  mind  – MulCdisciplinary    

•  Concept  Maps  – Grouping  Ideas  – Discovering  Gaps  – Provide  Guidance  

Device  Design:  Concept  GeneraCon  Brainstorming  

Device  Design:  Concept  GeneraCon  Concept  Mapping:  Physical  Components  Based  

User  Centered  Design  Process  

Phase  I   Needs  Finding  

Phase  II     Needs  Screening  

Phase  III   Concept  GeneraCon  

Phase  IV   Concept  SelecUon  

Phase  IV:  Concept  SelecCon  

 •  Compare  Concepts  to  Needs  Requirements  •  Select  /  Test  Concepts  for  Final  Device  

Summary  

User  Centered  Design  

NEEDS  FINDING  

NEEDS  SCREENING  

CONCEPT  SELECTION  

CONCEPT  GENERATION  

Conclusion    Summary  

•  User  Centered  Design  •  First  GeneraCon  

Prototype    

Thank  you!    

•  Engineering-­‐In-­‐Scrubs  (EiS)  program  

•  Dr.  Michael  Van  Der  Loos  •  Dr.  York  Hsiang