A Technical Project Report

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A Technical Project Report

On

DIGITAL JEWELLERY

Submitted to

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

HYDERABAD (A.P)

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQURIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

BY

HUSNA ALI 09JOIA0462

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

GREENFORT ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Bandlaguda,Near Chandryangutta X Road Keshavgiri (p),

Hyderabad-05,AP.INDIA


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GREENFORT ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Bandlaguda,Near Chandryangutta X Road Keshavgiri (p),

Hyderabad-05,AP.INDIA

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled

DIGITAL JEWELLERY

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY OF THE

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

HYDERABAD (A.P)

Is Record Of Bonafide Work Carried Out By

HUSNA ALI 09JOIA0462

Under our supervision and that no part of this project has been submitted for the award

of any other degree,diploma,fellowship or similar titles or prizes and that the work has not

been published in scientific orpopular journal or magazine

Ms.AFREEN BANU Mr.MOHAMMAD ILIYAS

INTERNAL GUIDE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

Mr.KHAJA MOHIUDDIN


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DECLARATION

This is to declare that the project entitled DIGITAL JEWELLERYsubmitted by me

in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of bachelor of

technology in Electronics And Communication during the period Feb-March 2013under the supervision and guidance of Ms.AFREEN BANU,Assistnt professor in

GREENFORT ENGINEERING COLLEGE ,Hyderabad.

BY:

HUSNA ALI (09J01A0462)


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extended my warm respect to our principal Mr.KHAJA MOHIUDDIN for his moral

support anr for providing in infrastructure ,computer & lab facilities.

I wish to acknowledge our sincere thanks to our Head of the

department (E.C.E),Mr.MOHAMMAD ILIYAS for his permission to carry out the

technical project .

I take this opportunity to acknowledgement the help and

guidance extended me by MISS AFREEN BANU Assistant professor of ECE

department with whose constant help and encouragement, this project has

reached completion

I thankful to all our faculty members of ECE department and the

non teaching staff ,librarians and all those who have directly or indirectly help us

in the completion of the project.

with regards,

HUSNA ALI(09J01A0462)


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ABSTRACT

Mobile computing is beginning to break the chains that tie us to our desks, but many of

today's mobile devices can still be a bit awkward to carry around. In the next age of computing,

there will be an explosion of computer parts across our bodies, rather than across our desktops.

Basically, jewellery adorns the body, and has very little practical purpose. However,

researchers are looking to change the way we think about the beads and bobbles we wear. The

combination of microcomputer devices and increasing computer power has allowed several

companies to begin producing fashion jewellery with embedded intelligence i.e., Digital

jewellery. Digital jewellery can best be defined as wireless, wearable computers that allow you

to communicate by ways of e-mail, voicemail, and voice communication. This paper enlightens

on how various computerized jewellery (like ear-rings, necklace, ring, bracelet, etc.,) will work

with mobile embedded intelligence.

It seems that everything we access today is under lock

and key. Even the devices we use are protected by passwords.

It can be frustrating trying to keep with all of the passwords and

keys needed to access any door or computer program. This

paper discusses about a new Java-based, computerized ring

that will automatically unlock doors and log on to computers.

By the end of the decade, we could be wearing our computers instead of sitting in front of

them.


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CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 5

2. WHAT IS DIGITAL JEWELLERY? 6

2.1 Historical context 6

2.2. Digital jewellery and its components 7

2.3. Technical specifications of digital jewellery 9

2.4. Display technologies 9

3. ELECTROMAGNETIC BEADS 11

4. PROTOTYPES OF DIGITAL JEWELLERY 12

4.1 HIOX Necklace 12

4.2 HIOX Ring 12

4.3 IBMs Bracelet Display 13

5. JAVA RING 14

5.1 Introduction 14

5.2 Working 14


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5.3 Features 15

6. CURRENT AND ONGOING ACHIEVEMENTS 16

6.1 CharmBadge 16

6.2 Intelligent Spectacles 16

6.3 Smart Wristwatch 17

6.4 Magic Decoder Ring 17

6.5 Charmed Communicator Eyepiece 18

6.6 Mouse-Ring 18

7. ADVANTAGES 20

8.

9.

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

21

22


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1. INTRODUCTION

Recent technological advancements have resulted in a climate where technology is too intrusive

the increased miniaturisation and mobility of digital technologies has led to a number of proposals for

digital objects which use jewellery as a way to locate communication and information devices on thebody. However, these developments are emerging from outside the field of contemporary jewellery.

Consequently digital jewellery is significantly under-explored within contemporary jewellery practice

and the emerging developments from other fields present a narrow interpretation of both jewellery and

digital technologies. In terms of aesthetics there is a distinct naivety regarding the form, material,

connection with the body and scope of interaction of a digital jewellery object. Moreover there is a

paucity of approaches that consider emotional and intimate attachments people form with and around

objects. These limitations are evident in both physical and conceptual constraints. Beyond this, the

qualities that we have come to associate with the digital are born from a predominantly consumerelectronics field and are both narrow and hindering if we wish to consider digital technologies having

wider, more emotional scope in our lives. Therefore an exploration of digital jewellery that addresses

these issues and seeks to escape the limiting assumptions we have of the digital is needed.

The latest computer craze has been to be able to wear wireless computers. The Computer Fashion

Wave, "Digital Jewellery" looks to be the next sizzling fashion trend of the technological wave. The

combination of shrinking computer devices and increasing computer power has allowed several

companies to begin producing fashion jewellery with embedded intelligence. Todays, manufacturers

place millions of transistors on a microchip, which can be used to make small devices that store tons of

digital data.. The whole concept behind this is to be able to communicate to others by means of wireless

appliances. The other key factor of this concept market is to stay fashionable at the same time.

Researchers have already created an array of digital-jewellery prototypes.


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2. WHAT IS DIGITAL JEWELLERY?

Digital jewellery is the fashion jewellery with embedded intelligence. Digital jewellery

can help you solve problems like forgotten passwords and security badges. Digital jewellery is

a nascent catchphrase for wearable ID devices that contain personal information like passwords,

identification, and account information. They have the potential to be all-in-one replacements for

your drivers license, key chain, business cards, credit cards, health insurance card, corporate

security badge, and loose cash. They can also solve a common dilemma of todays wired world

the forgotten password.

Digital jewellery can come in other forms as well. Innovators at IBM and the MIT Media

Laboratory have developed personal area networks (PANs) that transfer simple information

via human touch, by capacitively coupling picoamp currents through the body. A low-level

electric current carries the information from transmitter to receiver, passing simple identifying

information like name, title, and phone number. As digital jewellery matures, this kind of

function is a natural inclusion to the feature set. Other possible inclusions are memory aids, PDA

functions, and environmental augmentation.

2.1. OVERVIEW

The phenomenon of the wearable computer has arisen from the desire to create a mobile,

personal computer system. The makers of wearablesaim to house the personal computer on the bodymaintaining the convention of screen, keyboard and mouse. Wearables have been worn (by their

originators) despite their bulky size and weight, and it is readily apparent that considerations of the

aesthetic possibilities or the intimate nature of the relationship between the body and the object

remains under-explored. Technological innovation has to date been the dominant concern for wearables

research. Thad Starner (2001) outlined the challenges facing the development of wearablesas poweruse, heat dissipation, networking, interface design and privacy; with no mention of the users emotional

experiences of such devices.
http://www.essortment.com/hobbies/electronicdevic_sduh.htmhttp://www.essortment.com/hobbies/electronicdevic_sduh.htmhttp://www.essortment.com/hobbies/electronicdevic_sduh.htmhttp://www.essortment.com/hobbies/electronicdevic_sduh.htm


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Bubblebadge (Fig 2.1.1) and Body Coupled FingeRing (Fig 2.1.2) are examples of early human-computer interaction outputs. Each example posits jewellery as a vehicle for digital communication, and

the body as a mobile location for such devices.

Fig 2.1.1: The Bubblebadge: A wearable Fig 2.1.2: Body Coupled FingeRing:

Public Display Wireless Wearable Keyboard

The Bubblebadgehouses a digital display, to display text generated by the wearer, by a specificenvironment or by the viewer. In one scenario the brooch could show the viewer if they had received

any new emails, at which point the viewer may end the conversation with the wearer and go and check

her or his emails.FingeRingsimilarly focuses on usability and treats the body as a convenient location tosituate an electronic device. Sensors are attached to each finger in the form of rings to facilitate the

input of data into a portable or wearable personal digital assistant (PDA).

IBM Research has been exploring digital jewellery through the work of Denise Chan, a mechanical

engineering graduate. Chans concept was a set of jewellery objects, which together functioned as a

wearable mobile phone.

2.2. DIGITAL JEWELLERY AND ITS COMPONENTS

Soon, cell phones will take a totally new form, appearing to have no form at all. Instead of

one single device, cell phones will be broken up into their basic components and packaged as

various pieces of digital jewellery. Each piece of jewellery will contain a fraction of the


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components found in a conventional mobile phone. Together, the digital-jewellery cell phone

should work just like a conventional cell phone.

The various components that are inside a cell phone: Microphone, Receiver, Touch pad, Display,

Circuit board, Antenna, and Battery. IBM has developed a prototype of a cell phone that consists of

several pieces of digital jewellery that will work together wirelessly, possibly with Blue tooth wireless

technology, to perform the functions of the above components.

Fig 2.2: Cell phones may one day be comprised of digital accessories that

work together through wireless connections.

Here are the pieces of computerized-jewellery phone (Fig 2.2) and their functions:

Earrings:Speakersembedded into these earrings will be the phone's receiver.

Necklace: Users will talk into the necklace's embedded microphone.

Ring:

Perhaps the most interesting piece of the phone, this "magic decoder ring is equipped with

light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that flash to indicate an incoming call. It can also be programmed to

flash different colors to identify a particular caller or indicate the importance of a call.

Bracelet: Equipped with a video graphics array (VGA) display, this wrist display could also be used as

a caller identifier that flashes the name and phone number of the caller.
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/speaker.htmhttp://electronics.howstuffworks.com/speaker.htmhttp://electronics.howstuffworks.com/speaker.htmhttp://electronics.howstuffworks.com/speaker.htm


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With a jewellery phone, the keypad and dialing function could be integrated into the bracelet, or

else dumped altogether ; it's likely that voice-recognition software will be used to make calls, a

capability that is already commonplace in many of today's cell phones. Simply say the name of the

person you want to call and the phone will dial that person. IBM is also working on a miniature

rechargeable battery to power these components.

2.3. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF DIGITAL JEWELLERY

Digital jewellery devices consist of a screen or display for information, most likely

consisting of 7-16-segment, or dot matrix LEDs, LCDs, or other technologies such as

electroluminescent material (EL) or others, which could become an optional display . So too, an

audiovisual or other 'display' could consist of a speaker, a single flashing light, a sensor of some

kind (such as a temperature driven EL display), or other informational aesthetic. The display

layer sits on a face of the device, which is enclosed in some material such as plastic, metal,

crystal, or other material. It has external switches and buttons on its side and a data-port for

accessing the programmable electronic circuit inside. A micro controller that is a surface

mounted device (SMD) on a printed circuit board (PCB) with resistors (R) and capacitors (C) are

the internal 'guts' of the jewellery.

2.4. DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES

The digital jewellery display, for instance, every alphabet and number system has found

representation within the electronics realm and 'dot-matrix' (a matrix of single LEDs) is used to

display Chinese and Japanese and other character sets, as can the alternative display for LCDs

(liquid-crystal-displays) also be used, as often found in watches.


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Fig 2.4: Alphanumeric or Graphic Display types

Digital Jewellery can be made in many different sizes and shapes with a variety of

materials ranging from plastic and metal to rubber and glass. They utilize electromagnetic

properties and electronics to display information through a screen or display of some kind. Thiscould range from LED 7-segment, 16-segment, dot matrix, and other programmable LEDs

devices to LCDs, OLEDs, and other displays (Fig 2.3 ), which are all driven by the self-

contained jewellery devices themselves.


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3. ELECTROMAGNETIC BEADS

The closest comparison to Electromagnetic Beads (Fig 3) is that of 'beads' which are

strung together to make a custom necklace or bracelet, with interchangeable electromagnetic

component systems or devices. One bead may be a capacitor on the inside, and a solar panel on

the outside. Another bead may have an internal resistor which feed power into a programmed

microcontroller bead which drives an external screen, with other options available in a variety of

bead configurations which compose a circuit, including beads with a piezo element, voltage

regulator, crystal, or rechargeable battery as part of the modular jewel circuit. The number of

data pins on the microcontroller needs to be enough to easily program the display layer plus the

switches without overly complex and advanced coding methods

Fig 3: Electromagnetic Beads

The key to the device's ability to work effectively is a balancing of electronic

components within the circuit with a light-duty processing and limited power consumption

required for the display layer.


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4. PROTOTYPES OF DIGITAL JEWELLERY

4.1. HIOX NECKLACE

Fig 4.1: HIOX Necklace

Complete HIOX necklace showing all 26 letters of the Roman alphabet extended in 4-

dimensional space-time. Metal with leather cord.

4.2. HIOX RING

Fig 4.2. HIOX Ring

It is a programmable HIOX ring with 16-segment LED display.


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4.3. IBMs BRACELET DISPLAY

Fig 4.3. IBMs Bracelet Display

Prototype bracelet display developed by IBM


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5. THE JAVA RING

5.1. INTRODUCTION

It seems that everything we access today is under lock and key. Even the devices we use are

protected by passwords. It can be frustrating trying to keep with all of the passwords and keys needed

to access any door or computer program. Dallas Semiconductor is developing a new Java-based,

computerized ring that will automatically unlock doors and log on to computers.

Fig 5.1: Java ring
http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/framed.htm?parent=digital-jewelry.htm&url=http://www.dalsemi.com/news/pr/product/1998/javaring.htmlhttp://electronics.howstuffworks.com/framed.htm?parent=digital-jewelry.htm&url=http://www.dalsemi.com/news/pr/product/1998/javaring.html


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5.2. WORKING

The Java Ring can be programmed to give you access to every door and device. It is snapped into

a reader, called a blue dot receptor, to allow communication between a receptor and the java ring.

Fig 5.2: Blue Dot receptor

The Java Ring is a stainless-steel ring, 16-millimeters (0.6 inches) in diameter, which houses a 1-

million-transistor processor, called an iButton. The ring has 134 KB of RAM, 32 KB of ROM, a real-time

clock and a Java virtual machine, which is a piece of software that recognizes the Java language and

translates it for the user's computer system. Digital jewelry, (designed to supplement the personal

computer,) will be the evolution in digital technology that makes computer elements entirely

compatible with the human form.

5.3. Features of Java Ring:

Runs Java better (plus portions enhance Java Card 2.0)

Careful attention to physical security (rapid zeroization)

Durability to stand up to everyday use

High memory capacity (up to 134K bytes NV SRAM)

Retail connectivity to 250 million existing computers (less if designed-in before

manufacturing)


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6. CURRENT AND ONGOING ACHIEVEMENTS

6.1. CHARMBADGE

Fig 6.1: CharmBadge

CharmBadge was developed by Charmed Technologies. Fig 6.1 shows the CharmBadge placed in

front of an IR transmitter/receiver dongle connected to one of THE laptops. CharmBadge management

software allowed to change many of the CharmBadge settings using the IR dongle such as: activate,

deactivate, assignment to attendees, affinity score, download interactions, etc.

6.2.INTELLIGENT SPECTACLES

Fig 6.2: Intelligent Spectacles

This could be the shape of designer glasses to come. These intelligent spectacles (Fig 6.2) let you

surf the web or check your e-mail, whenever and wherever you want. Your eye would serve as a mouse,

with menu items selected by focusing your attention on an item on screen.


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6.3. SMART WRIST WATCH

Fig 6.3: Smart Wrist Watch

Having the power of a computer on your wrist may sound like science fiction. But this is the idea

behind the wristwatch PDA (Fig 6.3). It would have a widescreen display to watch video, and voice

recognition technology so that you can use it by simply talking to your wrist. And of course, it also tells

you the time.

6.4. MAGIC DECODER RING

Fig 6.4: IBM's magic decoder rings will flash when you get a call.


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IBMs magic decoder ring (Fig 6.4) that flashes for phone calls could also inform yo u

that e-mail is piling up in your inbox. This flashing alert could also indicate the urgency of the e-

mail.

6.5. CHARMED COMMUNICATOR EYEPIECE

Fig 6.5: Charmed Communicator Eyepiece

Charmed Technology is already marketing its digital jewellery, including a futuristic-

looking eyepiece display (Fig 6.5). The eyepiece is the display component of the company's

Charmed Communicator, a wearable, wireless, broadband-Internet device that can be controlled

by voice, pen or handheld keypad. The Communicator can be used as an MP3 player, video

player and cell phone. The Communicator runs on the company's Linux-based Nanix operating

system. The eyepiece above displays images and data received wirelessly from the

Communicator's belt module.

6.6.MOUSE-RING

The mouse-ring that IBM is developing will use the company's Track Point technology to

wirelessly move the cursor on a computer-monitor display. (Track Point is the little button

embedded in the keyboard of some laptops). IBM Researchers have transferred TrackPoint

technology to a ring, which looks something like a black-pearl ring. On top of the ring is a little

black ball that users will swivel to move the cursor, in the same way that the TrackPoint button

on a laptop is used.


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This Track Point ring will be very valuable when monitors shrink to the size of watch

face. In the coming age of ubiquitous computing, displays will no longer be tied to desktops or

wall screens. Instead, you'll wear the display like a pair of sunglasses or a bracelet. Researchers

are overcoming several obstacles facing these new wearable displays, the most important of

which is the readability of information displayed on these tiny devices.


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7. CONCLUSION

The basic idea behind the digital jewellery concept is to have the convenience of wireless,

wearable computers while remaining fashionably sound. It is hoped to be marketable soon, however,

several bugs remain such as charging capabilities and cost.

By the end of the decade, we could be wearing our computers instead of sitting in front of

them.


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8. REFERENCES

[1].www.IBM.com

[2]. www.howstuffworks.com

[3].www.infoworld.com

[4].www.ibutton.com
http://www.ibm.com/http://www.ibm.com/http://www.ibm.com/http://www.infoworld.com/http://www.infoworld.com/http://www.infoworld.com/http://www.ibutton.com/http://www.ibutton.com/http://www.ibutton.com/http://www.ibutton.com/http://www.infoworld.com/http://www.ibm.com/


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