CILINICAL EXAMINATION CILINICAL EXAMINATION OF SHEEP& GOATOF SHEEP& GOAT

COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS

• Identification of sick animals.

• Distant & close physical examination.

• Examination:

1.Management & Environment of the group.

2. Risk factors

DISTANT EXAMINATIONDISTANT EXAMINATION

• Diseases of nervous system and musculo skeletal system.

• Abnormality in behaviour e .g. grazing behaviour, flocking behaviour.

• Determine prevalence of the problem.

• Estimation of morbidity.

• Observation of animal while walking.

• Observation in confinement.

CLOSE PHYSICAL CLOSE PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONEXAMINATION

• Examination of individual animal

• Vital signs like (rectal temp, pulse ,etc.)

• Age.

• Body condition score

muscular tissue, spinous and transverse processes

Examination of fleece & skinExamination of fleece & skin

• Presence of break point

• Clinical site of parasitic infestation

irritation, head shaking, stumping, dermatitis, fleece damage, sheep ked ,myiasis, suckling lice ,scab,

mycotic dermatitis, wool loss in scrapie.

POXPOX

HEAD & NECKHEAD & NECK

• Mycotic dermatitis-grey crusty scabs.

• Staphylo-periorbital eczema.

• Mandible swelling –dentigerous cyst

conditions like bottle jaw, big head,

blue tounge, photosensitivity.

Dermatophilosis

EYES & CONJUNCTIVAEEYES & CONJUNCTIVAE

• Examination conjunctiva and sclera for anaemia and jaundice.

• Pink eye.

• Indications of eye abnormality.

inflamed eye membranes

ORAL CAVITYORAL CAVITY

• Actinobacillosis

• Blue tongue

• FMD

• PPR

• Salivation with wetting of hair around lips-hypothermic & hypoglycemic

• Smell the breath for ketone and saliva for azotemia

Blue tongueBlue tongue

FMDFMD

PPRPPR

LARYNX &TRACHEALARYNX &TRACHEA

• Choke is rare but balling gun injuries

THORAXTHORAX

• Auscultation, percussion.

• Breath sounds

• Heart sounds

ABDOMENABDOMEN

• Abdomen palpation with both hands on either side.

• Succussion in lambs and kids to detect fluid and gas in stomach and intestines.

PPR in a goat: signs of diarrhoea Bloat

URINARY TRACTURINARY TRACT

• Evidence of urolithiasis

• Examintion of vulva for vulvitis, distortion, squamous cell carcinoma

REPRODUCTIVE TRACTREPRODUCTIVE TRACT

• Examination of scrotum

-Dermatophilus congolensis

• Congenital abnormality

• Atrophy for any reason

• Presence of inflammatory disease

EXAMINATION OF LIMBS & EXAMINATION OF LIMBS & UDDERUDDER

• By palpation of limbs detect swelling , heat in joints, tendons, bursae.

• Examine the claws & interdigital skin.

• Palpate the udder & examine the udder for mastitis.

• Hard bag – lentivirus infection

FMDExtensive interdigital ulceration

Tetanus

REFERENCEREFERENCE

• Veterinary Clinical Examination and Diagnosis.

O. M. Radostits, I. G. (Ian G.) Mayhew