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Front Matter Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 95, No. 15 (Jul. 21, 1998), pp. i-x Published by: National Academy of Sciences Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/45770 . Accessed: 07/05/2014 14:36 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . National Academy of Sciences is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 169.229.32.136 on Wed, 7 May 2014 14:36:42 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
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Page 1: Front Matter

Front MatterSource: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,Vol. 95, No. 15 (Jul. 21, 1998), pp. i-xPublished by: National Academy of SciencesStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/45770 .

Accessed: 07/05/2014 14:36

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

.

National Academy of Sciences is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access toProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

http://www.jstor.org

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Page 2: Front Matter

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

July 21, 1998

Volume 95 / Number 15

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Page 3: Front Matter

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Page 4: Front Matter

NOTICE OF

TELEPHONE CHANGE

Please note the following changes in the phone and fax numbers for the Editorial and Business Offices of the Proceedings, which became effective July 10, 1998.

The new numbers are as follows:

Main phone: 202-334-2672 Editorial fax: 202-334-2739 Business fax: 202-334-2738

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Page 5: Front Matter

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Page 6: Front Matter

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Officers BRUCE ALBERTS, President of the JACK HALPERN, Vice President Academy PETER H. RAVEN, Home Secretary

F. SHERWOOD ROWLAND, Foreign Secretary RONALD L. GRAHAM, Treasurer

Editor-in-Chief NICHOLAS R. COZZARELLI

Editorial Board MAY R. BERENBAUM of the PETER J. BICKEL Proceedings WILLIAM CATTERALL

ANTHONY CERAMI PIERRE CHAMBON MARSHALL H. COHEN STANLEY N. COHEN DAVID R. DAVIES HERMAN N. EISEN RAYMOND L. ERIKSON ANTHONY S. FAUCI NINA FEDOROFF

CHARLES FEFFERMAN WALTER M. FITCH JOSEPH L. GOLDSTEIN CAROL A. GROSS JACK HALPERN BERTIL HILLE PIERRE C. HOHENBERG H. ROBERT HORVITZ ALFRED G. KNUDSON ROGER KORNBERG ROBERT LANGER HARVEY F. LODISH

PHIL W. MAJERUS PHILIPPA MARRACK RICHARD D. MCKELVEY ARNO G. MOTULSKY RONALD L. PHILLIPS THOMAS D. POLLARD STANLEY B. PRUSINER CHARLES RADDING GIAN-CARLO ROTA JEREMY A. SABLOFF PAUL R. SCHIMMEL STUART L. SCHREIBER

AARON J. SHATKIN CARLA J. SHATZ KAI L. SIMONS CHRISTOPHER A. SIMS SOLOMON H. SNYDER CHRISTOPHER R. SOMERVILLE LARRY R. SQUIRE CHARLES F. STEVENS FRANK H. STILLINGER KARL K. TUREKIAN DON C. WILEY PETER G. WOLYNES

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Page 7: Front Matter

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Page 8: Front Matter

~OF

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

July 21, 1998 Volume 95, Number 15 pp. 8415-9060

Table of Contents

Commentaries

Telomerase catalysis: A phylogenetically conserved 8415-8416 reverse transcriptase

Victoria Lundblad

Evolution in the light of developmental and cell 8417-8419 biology, and vice versa

Mary Jane West-Eberhard

Perspectives

Evolvability 8420-8427 Marc Kirschner and John Gerhart

The elusive function of metallothioneins 8428-8430 Richard D. Palmiter

Physical Sciences

APPLIED MATHEMATICS

Computing geodesic paths on manifolds 8431-8435 R. Kimmel and J. A. Sethian

CHEMISTRY

Hydration for a series of hydrocarbons 8436-8440 Raymond D. Mountain and D. Thirumalai

MATHEMATICS

The Weyl character formula, the half-spin 8441-8442 representations, and equal rank subgroups

Benedict Gross, Bertram Kostant, Pierre Ramond, and Shlomo Sternberg

Biological Sciences

APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

A model for MRI contrast enhancement using 8443-8448 T1 agents

E. T. Ahrens, U. Rothbhcher, R. E. Jacobs, and S. E. Fraser

BIOCHEMISTRY

Transition state structure of arginine kinase: 8449-8454 Implications for catalysis of bimolecular reactions

Genfa Zhou, Thayumanasamy Somasundaram, Eric Blanc, Golapakrishnan Parthasarathy, W. Ross Ellington, and Michael S. Chapman

The solution structure of the DNA-binding domain 8455-8460 of Skn-I

Mei-Chu Lo, Sha Ha, Istvan Pelczer, Santona Pal, and Suzanne Walker

v

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Page 9: Front Matter

Contents

The 40-kDa subunit of DNA fragmentation factor 8461-8466 induces DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation during apoptosis

Xuesong Liu, Peng Li, Piotr Widlak, Hua Zou, Xu Luo, William T. Garrard, and Xiaodong Wang

Conversion of a human low-density lipoprotein 8467-8472 receptor ligand-binding repeat to a virus receptor: Identification of residues important for ligand specificity

Lijun Rong, Kristin Gendron, and Paul Bates

Synergy between simulation and experiment in 8473-8478 describing the energy landscape of protein folding

Andreas G. Ladurner, Laura S. Itzhaki, Valerie Daggett, and Alan R. Fersht

Telomerase reverse transcriptase genes identified in 8479-8484 Tetrahymena thermophila and Oxytricha trifallax

Tracy M. Bryan, Jamie M. Sperger, Karen B. Chapman, and Thomas R. Cech

The reverse transcriptase component of the 8485-8490 Tetrahymena telomerase ribonucleoprotein complex

Kathleen Collins and Leena Gandhi

In vivo and in vitro complementation of the 8491-8495 N-terminal domain of enzyme I of the Escherichia coli phosphotransferase system by the cloned C-terminal domain

Alexey Fomenkov, Airat Valiakhmetov, Ludwig Brand, and Saul Roseman

A C-terminal motif found in the f32-adrenergic 8496-8501 receptor, P2Y1 receptor and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator determines binding to the Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor family of PDZ proteins

Randy A. Hall, Lynda S. Ostedgaard, Richard T. Premont, Jeremy T. Blitzer, Nadeem Rahman, Michael J. Welsh, and Robert J. Lefkowitz

The allosteric mechanism of the chaperonin GroEL: 8502-8507 A dynamic analysis

Jianpeng Ma and Martin Karplus

3,N4-ethenocytosine, a highly mutagenic adduct, is a 8508-8513 primary substrate for Escherichia coli double-stranded uracil-DNA glycosylase and human mismatch-specific thymine-DNA glycosylase

Murat Saparbaev and Jacques Laval

Activities of adenovirus virus-associated RNAs: 8514-8519 Purification and characterization of RNA binding proteins

Huey-Jane Liao, Ryuji Kobayashi, and Michael B. Mathews

Human thioredoxin reductase from HeLa cells: 8520-8525 Selective alkylation of selenocysteine in the protein inhibits enzyme activity and reduction with NADPH influences affinity to heparin

Sergey N. Gorlatov and Thressa C. Stadtman

Concerted formation of macromolecular 8526-8531 Suppressor-mutator transposition complexes

Ramesh Raina, Michael Schlappi, Balasulojini Karunanandaa, Adam Elhofy, and Nina Fedoroff

A cloning method for caspase substrates that uses the 8532-8537 yeast two-hybrid system: Cloning of the antiapoptotic gene gelsolin

Shinji Kamada, Hajime Kusano, Hisakazu Fujita, Makoto Ohtsu, Richard Chikara Koya, Noboru Kuzumaki, and Yoshihide Tsujimoto

Mammalian mediator of transcriptional regulation 8538-8543 and its possible role as an end-point of signal transduction pathways

Yi Wei Jiang, Philippe Veschambre, Hediye Erdjument-Bromage, Paul Tempst, Joan W. Conaway, Ronald C. Conaway, and Roger D. Kornberg

The exocyclic groups of DNA modulate the affinity 8544-8549 and positioning of the histone octamer

Memmo Buttinelli, Andrew Minnock, Gianna Panetta, Michael Waring, and Andrew Travers

Mechanism of DNA segregation in prokaryotes: 8550-8555 Replicon pairing by parC of plasmid RI

Rasmus Bugge Jensen, Rudi Lurz, and Kenn Gerdes

In search of a mutational hotspot 8556-8561 Zafer Hatahet, Meixia Zhou, Linda J. Reha-Krantz, Scott W. Morrical, and Susan S. Wallace

Variability in the stability of DNA-peptide nucleic 8562-8567 acid (PNA) single-base mismatched duplexes: Real-time hybridization during affinity electrophoresis in PNA-containing gels

Gabor L. Igloi

Mismatch repair deficiency associated with 8568-8573 overexpression of the MSH3 gene

Giancarlo Marra, Ingram laccarino, Teresa Lettieri, Giuseppe Roscilli, Paola Delmastro, and Josef Jiricny

Control of retinoblastoma protein-independent 8574-8579 hematopoietic cell cycle by the pRB-related p130

Yutaka Hoshikawa, Akio Mori, Keiko Amimoto, Koji Iwabe, and Masanori Hatakeyama

BIOPHYSICS

"Hidden" sequence periodicities and protein architecture 8580-8584 S. Rackovsky

Gating modifier toxins reveal a conserved structural 8585-8589 motif in voltage-gated Ca2+ and K+ channels

Yingying Li-Smerin and Kenton J. Swartz

The proton collecting function of the inner surface of 8590-8595 cytochrome c oxidase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides

Yael Marantz, Esther Nachliel, Anna Aagaard, Peter Brzezinski, and Menachem Gutman

Identification of viral mutants by mass spectrometry 8596-8601 J. Kathleen Lewis, Mohammed Bendahmane, Thomas J. Smith, Roger N. Beachy, and Gary Siuzdak

Kinetics of conformational fluctuations in DNA 8602-8606 hairpin-loops

Grego ire Bo nn et, O leg Krich evsky, and Albert Libchaber

VI

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Page 10: Front Matter

Contents

CELL BIOLOGY

ADP ribosylation factor regulates spectrin binding to 8607-8612 the Golgi complex

Anna Godi, Ivana Santone, Paolo Pertile, Prasad Devarajan, Paul R. Stabach, Jon S. Morrow, Giuseppe Di Tullio, Roman Polishchuk, Tamara C. Petrucci, Alberto Luini, and Maria Antonietta De Matteis

Localization of ADP-ribosylation factor domain 8613-8618 protein 1 (ARDI) in lysosomes and Golgi apparatus

Nicolas Vitale, Koji Horiba, Victor J. Ferrans, Joel Moss, and Martha Vaughan

A yeast glutamine tRNA signals nitrogen status for 8619-8624 regulation of dimorphic growth and sporulation

L. E. Murray, N. Rowley, I. W. Dawes, G. C. Johnston, and R. A. Singer

A family of fatty acid transporters conserved from 8625-8629 mycobacterium to man

David Hirsch, Andreas Stahl, and Harvey F. Lodish

Disruption of a PEX1-PEX6 interaction is the most 8630-8635 common cause of the neurologic disorders Zellweger syndrome, neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy, and infantile Refsum disease

Brian V. Geisbrecht, Cynthia S. Collins, Bernadette E. Reuber, and Stephen J. Gould

Localization of myosin-V in the centrosome 8636-8641 Enilza M. Espreafico, Donald E. Coling, Vasiliki Tsakraklides, Karin Krogh, Joseph S. Wolenski, Gilda Kalinec, and Bechara Kachar

Evidence that phospholipase A2 activity is required 8642-8647 for Golgi complex and trans Golgi network membrane tubulation

Paul de Figueiredo, Daniel Drecktrah, John A. Katzenellenbogen, Marian Strang, and William J. Brown

Telomere length regulation in mice is linked to a 8648-8653 novel chromosome locus

Lingxiang Zhu, Karen S. Hathcock, Prakash Hande, Peter M. Lansdorp, Michael F. Seldin, and Richard J. Hodes

DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Targeted oncogenesis of hormone-negative pancreatic 8654-8659 islet progenitor cells

Thomas L. Jetton, J. Michael Moates, Jill Lindner, Christopher V. E. Wright, and Mark A. Magnuson

EVOLUTION

Resonating circadian clocks enhance fitness in 8660-8664 cyanobacteria

Yan Ouyang, Carol R. Andersson, Takao Kondo, Susan S. Golden, and Carl Hirschie Johnson

Productivity, individual-level and colony-level 8665-8669 flexibility, and organization of work as consequences of colony size

Istvan Karsai and John W. Wenzel

Antarctic fish hemoglobins: Evidence for adaptive 8670-8675 evolution at subzero temperature

Luca Bargelloni, Stefania Marcato, and Tomaso Patarnello

The evolution of interspecific mutualisms 8676-8680 Michael Doebeli and Nancy Knowlton

Testing migration patterns and estimating founding 9047-9052 population size in Polynesia by using human mtDNA sequences

Rosalind P. Murray-McIntosh, Brian J. Scrimshaw, Peter J. Hatfield, and David Penny

GENETICS

A member of a family of sulfate-activating enzymes 8681-8685 causes murine brachymorphism

Kiyoto Kurima, Matthew L. Warman, Srinivasan Krishnan, Miriam Domowicz, Richard C. Krueger, Jr., Andrea Deyrup, and Nancy B. Schwartz

Knockout of the abetalipoproteinemia gene in mice: 8686-8691 Reduced lipoprotein secretion in heterozygotes and embryonic lethality in homozygotes

Martin Raabe, Laura M. Flynn, Constance H. Zlot, Jinny S. Wong, Murielle M. V6niant, Robert L. Hamilton, and Stephen G. Young

Targeted disruption of Paxl defines its null phenotype 8692-8697 and proves haploinsufficiency

Bettina Wilm, Edgar Dahl, Heiko Peters, Rudi Balling, and Kenji Imai

Biallelic inactivation of hMLHI by epigenetic gene 8698-8702 silencing, a novel mechanism causing human MSI cancers

Martina L. Veigl, Lakshmi Kasturi, Joseph Olechnowicz, AiHong Ma, James D. Lutterbaugh, Sumudra Periyasamy, Guo-Min Li, James Drummond, Paul L. Modrich, W. David Sedwick, and Sanford D. Markowitz

Positional cloning of ZNF217 and NABC1: Genes 8703-8708 amplified at 20q13.2 and overexpressed in breast carcinoma

Colin Collins, Johanna M. Rommens, David Kowbel, Tony Godfrey, Minna Tanner, Soo-in Hwang, Daniel Polikoff, Genevieve Nonet, Joanne Cochran, Ken Myambo, Karen E. Jay, Jeff Froula, Thomas Cloutier, Wen-Lin Kuo, Paul Yaswen, Shanaz Dairkee, Jennifer Giovanola, Gordon B. Hutchinson, Jorma Isola, Olli-P Kallioniemi, Mike Palazzolo, Chris Martin, Cheryl Ericsson, Dan Pinkel, Donna Albertson, Wu-Bo Li, and Joe W. Gray

Chromosomal basis of X chromosome inactivation: 8709-8714 Identification of a multigene domain in Xpll.21-pll.22 that escapes X inactivation

Andrew P. Miller and Huntington F. Willard

Variable and tissue-specific hormone resistance in 8715-8720 heterotrimeric G, protein a-subunit (Gsa) knockout mice is due to tissue-specific imprinting of the G,a gene

Shuhua Yu, Dawen Yu, Eric Lee, Michael Eckhaus, Randy Lee, Zakia Corria, Domenico Accili, Heiner Westphal, and Lee S. Weinstein

The Upf3 protein is a component of the surveillance 8721-8726 complex that monitors both translation and mRNA turnover and affects viral propagation

Maria J. Ruiz-Echevarria, Jason M. Yasenchak, Xia Han, Jonathan D. Dinman, and Stuart W. Peltz

Evidence for gene silencing by endogenous 8727-8732 DNA methylation

Robin Holliday and Thu Ho

vii

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Page 11: Front Matter

Contents

Bloom's and Werner's syndrome genes suppress 8733-8738 hyperrecombination in yeast sgsl mutant: Implication for genomic instability in human diseases

Kazutsune Yamagata, Jun-ichi Kato, Akira Shimamoto, Makoto Goto, Yasuhiro Furuichi, and Hideo Ikeda

Tumors of DNA mismatch repair-deficient hosts 8739-8743 exhibit dramatic increases in genomic instability

Agnes Baross-Francis, Susan E. Andrew, Janice E. Penney, and Frank R. Jirik

Nitrilase and Fhit homologs are encoded as fusion 8744-8749 proteins in Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans

Yuri Pekarsky, Manuela Campiglio, Zurab Siprashvili, Teresa Druck, Yurii Sedkov, Sergei Tillib, Alexandra Draganescu, Peter Wermuth, Joel H. Rothman, Kay Huebner, Arthur M. Buchberg, Alexander Mazo, Charles Brenner, and Carlo M. Croce

Male-specific transcription initiation of the C4-Slp 8750-8755 gene in mouse liver follows activation of STAT5

N. Varin-Blank, E. Dondi, M. Tosi, C. Hernandez, L. Boucontet, H. Gotoh, T. Shiroishi, K. Moriwaki, and T. Meo

Mitogen-activated protein kinases enhance long-range 8756-8760 activation by the ,B-globin locus control region

Wayne K. Versaw, Volker Blank, Nancy M. Andrews, and Emery H. Bresnick

unc-1: A stomatin homologue controls sensitivity to 8761-8766 volatile anesthetics in Caenorhabditis elegans

S. Rajaram, M. M. Sedensky, and P. G. Morgan

c-Fetoprotein gene sequences mediatingAfr2 8767-8772 regulation during liver regeneration

David K. Jin, Jean Vacher, and Miriam H. Feuerman

Signaling pathways in Ras-mediated tumorigenicity 8773-8778 and metastasis

Craig P. Webb, Linda Van Aelst, Michael H. Wigler, and George F. Vande Woude

IMMUNOLOGY

FYB (FYN binding protein) serves as a binding partner 8779-8784 for lymphoid protein and FYN kinase substrate SKAP55 and a SKAP55-related protein in T cells

Junke Liu, Hyun Kang, Monika Raab, Antonio J. da Silva, Stine-Kathrein Kraeft, and Christopher E. Rudd

Activation of preexisting T cell clones by targeted 8785-8790 interleukin 2 therapy

Per Thor Straten, Per Guldberg, Tina Seremet, Ralph A. Reisfeld, Jesper Zeuthen, and Jurgen C. Becker

Both DNA strands of antibody genes are 8791-8794 hypermutation targets

Cesar Milstein, Michael S. Neuberger, and Rodger Staden

MEDICAL SCIENCES

Paracrine expression of a native soluble vascular 8795-8800 endothelial growth factor receptor inhibits tumor growth, metastasis, and mortality rate

Corey K. Goldman, Richard L. Kendall, Gustavo Cabrera, Liliana Soroceanu, Yuji Heike, G. Yancey Gillespie, Gene P. Siegal, Xianzhi Mao, Andrew J. Bett, William R. Huckle, Kenneth A. Thomas, and David T. Curiel

Myocyte proliferation in end-stage cardiac failure 8801-8805 in humans

Jan Kajstura, Annarosa Leri, Nicoletta Finato, Carla Di Loreto, Carlo A. Beltrami, and Piero Anversa

Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated 8806-8811 receptory and retinoic acid receptor inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in BNX mice

Elena Elstner, Carsten Muller, Kozo Koshizuka, Elizabeth A. Williamson, Dorothy Park, Hiroya Asou, Peter Shintaku, Jonathan W. Said, David Heber, and H. Phillip Koeffler

Prion protein expression in different species: Analysis 8812-8816 with a panel of new mAbs

Gianluigi Zanusso, Dacai Liu, Sergio Ferrari, Ivan Hegyi, Xinghua Yin, Adriano Aguzzi, Simone Hornemann, Susanne Liemann, Rudi Glockshuber, Jean C. Manson, Paul Brown, Robert B. Petersen, Pierluigi Gambetti, and Man-Sun Sy

A second major native von Hippel-Lindau gene 8817-8822 product, initiated from an internal translation start site, functions as a tumor suppressor

Alan Schoenfeld, Eliot J. Davidowitz, and Robert D. Burk

Up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase 8823-8828 expression in cancer-prone p53 knockout mice

Stefan Ambs, Mofolusara 0. Ogunfusika, William G. Merriam, William P. Bennett, Timothy R. Billiar, and Curtis C. Harris

Antiangiogenic gene therapy targeting the 8829-8834 endothelium-specific receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2

Pengnian Lin, Jake A. Buxton, Ann Acheson, Czeslaw Radziejewski, Peter C. Maisonpierre, George D. Yancopoulos, Keith M. Channon, Laura P. Hale, Mark W. Dewhirst, Samuel E. George, and Kevin G. Peters

hZAC encodes a zinc finger protein with 8835-8840 antiproliferative properties and maps to a chromosomal region frequently lost in cancer

A. Varrault, E. Ciani, F. Apiou, B. Bilanges, A. Hoffmann, C. Pantaloni, J. Bockaert, D. Spengler, and L. Journot

Mast cells mediate acute inflammatory responses to 8841-8846 implanted biomaterials

Liping Tang, Timothy A. Jennings, and John W. Eaton

Somatic mutations of the ,B-catenin gene are frequent 8847-8851 in mouse and human hepatocellular carcinomas

Alix de La Coste, Beatrice Romagnolo, Pierre Billuart, Claire-Ang6lique Renard, Marie-Annick Buendia, Olivier Soubrane, Monique Fabre, Jamel Chelly, Cherif Beldjord, Axel Kahn, and Christine Perret

The Epstein-Barr virus nuclear protein SM is both 8852-8857 a post-transcriptional inhibitor and activator of gene expression

Vivian Ruvolo, Eryu Wang, Sarah Boyle, and Sankar Swaminathan

VI.ii

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Contents

Increased E2F1 activity induces skin tumors in mice 8858-8863 heterozygous and nullizygous for p53

Angela M. Pierce, Irma B. Gimenez-Conti, Robin Schneider-Broussard, Luis A. Martinez, Claudio J. Conti, and David G. Johnson

Growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonist 8864-8868 MZ-5-156 inhibits growth of DU-145 human androgen-independent prostate carcinoma in nude mice and suppresses the levels and mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor II in tumors

Najib Lamharzi, Andrew V. Schally, Mikl6s Koppan, and Kate Groot

Early establishment of a pool of latently infected, 8869-8873 resting CD4+ T cells during primary HIV-1 infection

Tae-Wook Chun, Delphine Engel, M. Michelle Berrey, Theresa Shea, Lawrence Corey, and Anthony S. Fauci

Potent inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus 8874-8879 replication using a 2-SA-antisense chimera targeted to signals within the virus genomic RNA

Mark R. Player, Dale L. Barnard, and Paul F. Torrence

Stroke protection by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl 8880-8885 (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitors mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Matthias Endres, Ulrich Laufs, Zhihong Huang, Tadashi Nakamura, Paul Huang, Michael A. Moskowitz, and James K. Liao

Dual effect of interleukin 4 on HIV-1 expression: 8886-8891 Implications for viral phenotypic switch and disease progression

Antonio Valentin, Wenhong Lu, Margherita Rosati, Ralf Schneider, Jan Albert, Anders Karlsson, and George N. Pavlakis

Coenzyme Qio administration increases brain 8892-8897 mitochondrial concentrations and exerts neuroprotective effects

Russell T. Matthews, Lichuan Yang, Susan Browne, Myong Baik, and M. Flint Beal

Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a 8898-8903 in disease of pancreatic /3 cells

Yan-Ting Zhou, Michio Shimabukuro, May-Yun Wang, Young Lee, Moritake Higa, Joseph L. Milburn, Christopher B. Newgard, and Roger H. Unger

Leukoregulin induction of protein expression in 8904-8909 human orbital fibroblasts: Evidence for anatomical site-restricted cytokine-target cell interactions

Donald A. Young, Charles H. Evans, and Terry J. Smith

A phage display approach for rapid antibody 8910-8915 humanization: Designed combinatorial V gene libraries

Christoph Rader, David A. Cheresh, and Carlos F. Barbas III

MICROBIOLOGY

A bacterial cytokine 8916-8921 Galina V. Mukamolova, Arseny S. Kaprelyants, Danielle I. Young, Michael Young, and Douglas B. Kell

Pathogenic adaptation of Escherichia coli by natural 8922-8926 variation of the FimH adhesin

Evgeni V. Sokurenko, Veronika Chesnokova, Daniel E. Dykhuizen, Itzhak Ofek, Xue-Ru Wu, Karen A. Krogfelt, Carsten Struve, Mark A. Schembri, and David L. Hasty

Systematic identification of essential genes by in vitro 8927-8932 mariner mutagenesis

Brian J. Akerley, Eric J. Rubin, Andrew Camilli, David J. Lampe, Hugh M. Robertson, and John J. Mekalanos

NEUROBIOLOGY

Characterization and solubilization of bitter-responsive 8933-8938 receptors that couple to gustducin

Ding Ming, Luis Ruiz-Avila, and Robert F. Margolskee

Functional connectivity of the angular gyrus in 8939-8944 normal reading and dyslexia

B. Horwitz, J. M. Rumsey, and B. C. Donohue

Spatiotemporal imaging of human brain activity using 8945-8950 functional MRI constrained magnetoencephalography data: Monte Carlo simulations

Arthur K. Liu, John W. Belliveau, and Anders M. Dale

Social inhibition of song imitation among sibling male 8951-8956 zebra finches

Ofer Tchernichovski and Fernando Nottebohm

The superior colliculus-pretectum mediates the direct 8957-8962 effects of light on sleep

Ann M. Miller, William H. Obermeyer, Mary Behan, and Ruth M. Benca

NaN, a novel voltage-gated Na channel, is expressed 8963-8968 preferentially in peripheral sensory neurons and down-regulated after axotomy

S. D. Dib-Hajj, L. Tyrrell, J. A. Black, and S. G. Waxman

Direct effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor 8969-8974 compounds on native and recombinant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors

Anis Contractor, Robert W. Gereau, IV, Tim Green, and Stephen F. Heinemann

Geometric and viscous components of the tortuosity 8975-8980 of the extracellular space in the brain

Dmitri A. Rusakov and Dimitri M. Kullmann

Visual representations during saccadic eye movements 8981-8984 Tirin Moore, Andreas S. Tolias, and Peter H. Schiller

PHARMACOLOGY

Ligand-independent activation of platelet-derived 8985-8990 growth factor receptor is a necessary intermediate in lysophosphatidic, acid-stimulated mitogenic activity in L cells

Andreas Herrlich, Henlrik Daub, Axel Knebel, Peter Herrlich, Axel Ullrich, Gunter Schultz, and Thomas Gudermann

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Page 13: Front Matter

Contents

Cloning and characterization of a cAMP-specific 8991-8996 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase

S. H. Soderling, S. J. Bayuga, and J. A. Beavo

PHYSIOLOGY

S-Sulfohemoglobin and disulfide exchange: The 8997-9002 mechanisms of sulfide binding by Riftia pachyptila hemoglobins

Franck Zal, Emmanuelle Leize, Francois H. Lallier, Andr6 Toulmond, Alain Van Dorsselaer, and James J. Childress

Endogenous or overexpressed cGMP-dependent 9003-9008 protein kinases inhibit cAMP-dependent renin release from rat isolated perfused kidney, microdissected glomeruli, and isolated juxtaglomerular cells

Stepan Gambaryan, Charlotte Wagner, Albert Smolenski, Ulrich Walter, Wolfgang Poller, Winfried Haase, Armin Kurtz, and Suzanne M. Lohmann

PLANT BIOLOGY

Ferredoxin-1 mRNA is destabilized by changes in 9009-9013 photosynthetic electron transport

Marie E. Petracek, Lynn F. Dickey, Tuyen T. Nguyen, Christiane Gatz, Dolores A. Sowinski, George C. Allen, and William F. Thompson

Successful search for a resistance gene in tomato 9014-9018 targeted against a virulence factor of a fungal pathogen

Richard Laug6, Matthieu H. A. J. Joosten, Jair P. W. Haanstra, Paul H. Goodwin, Pim Lindhout, and Pierre J. G. M. De Wit

Cloning of the Arabidopsis ent-kaurene oxidase 9019-9024 gene GA3

Chris A. Helliwell, Candice C. Sheldon, Mark R. Olive, Amanda R. Walker, Jan A. D. Zeevaart, W. James Peacock, and Elizabeth S. Dennis

His-65 in the proton-sucrose symporter is an essential 9025-9030 amino acid whose modification with site-directed mutagenesis increases transport activity

Jade M.-Y. Lu and Daniel R. Bush

POPULATION BIOLOGY

Chytridiomycosis causes amphibian mortality 9031-9036 associated with population declines in the rain forests of Australia and Central America

Lee Berger, Rick Speare, Peter Daszak, D. Earl Green, Andrew A. Cunningham, C. Louise Goggin, Ron Slocombe, Mark A. Ragan, Alex D. Hyatt, Keith R. McDonald, Harry B. Hines, Karen R. Lips, Gerry Marantelli, and Helen Parkes

Mortality invariants and their genetic implications 9037-9041 Mark Yacov Azbel'

PSYCHOLOGY

Interhemispheric disconnection syndrome in 9042-9046 Alzheimer's disease

Yamina Lakmache, Maryse Lassonde, Serge Gauthier, Jean-Yves Frigon, and Franco Lepore

Social Sciences

ANTHROPOLOGY

Testing migration patterns and estimating founding 9047-9052 population size in Polynesia by using human mtDNA sequences

Rosalind P. Murray-McIntosh, Brian J. Scrimshaw, Peter J. Hatfield, and David Penny

Clines of nuclear DNA markers suggest a largely 9053-9058 Neolithic ancestry of the European gene pool

Lounes Chikhi, Giovanni Destro-Bisol, Giorgio Bertorelle, Vincenzo Pascali, and Guido Barbujani

CORRECTIONS

BIOCHEMISTRY The chromatin unfolding domain of chromosomal 9059 protein HMG-14 targets the N-terminal tail of histone H3 in nucleosomes

Lothar Trieschmann, Brian Martin, and Michael Bustin

GENETICS Evolution of rhizobia by acquisition of a 500-kb 9059 symbiosis island that integrates into a phe-tRNA gene

John T. Sullivan and Clive W. Ronson

PLANT BIOLOGY Association of the Arabidopsis CTR1 Raf-like kinase 9060 with the ETRI and ERS ethylene receptors

Karen L. Clark, Paul B. Larsen, Xiaoxia Wang, and Caren Chang

AUTHOR INDEX xi-xiii

INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS xiv-xvi

SIZING WORKSHEET xvii

DOCUMENTATION REPORT xviii

COPYRIGHT ASSIGNMENT FORM xix

SUBSCRIPTION FORM xx

CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS xxi-xxiii

Cover photograph: Hildreth Meiere's emblematic figure depicting Mathematics: One of eight radial panels on the dome of the Great Hall at the National Academy of Sciences.

x

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