( s

MINISTRY OF COMMERCE, INDUSTRY AND WATER AFFAIRS

ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DEPARTMENT

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 ST DECEMBER 1968

•

I GENERAL

(a) Introduction

The Geological Survey Department in the Republic of Botswana is a "non-integrated" element of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Water Affairs. Its headquarters are at Lobatse in southeastern Botswana, 4-7 miles south of the Botswana Government administrative headquarters at Gaborone.

The fundamental aim of the Geological Survey is the assessment of the mineral resources and underground water supply resources of Botswana with the intention of stimulating the realisation of their economic poten~al. A necessary preliminary to the attainment of these objectives is a study of the rocks and the geological structure over the whole of the country. Regional geological mapping and the publication of maps and reports describing the geology of Botswana is thus the main, prime function of the Geological Survey Department. Mineral survey work is carried out and this includes field geological and geophysical survey of mineral occurrences supplemented by laboratory work; prospecting for new mineral deposits; render­ing assistance to prospecting organisations and operating mines; and wherever possible fur­thering interest in Botswana's mineral potential. A third major task of the Geological Survey is the development of underground water supplies and general hydrogeological survey. In underground water development work the Geological Survey carries out the siting of water boreholes after geological and geophysical investigations and then controls drilling of the selected sites to the stage where productive boreholes can be passed to another Department within the Ministry, which is responsible for equipping boreholes and for the maintenance of Government pumping units. Hydrogeological research work is also carried out and the Geo­logical Survey is gradually building up a considerable body of information about the nature and occurrence of underground water resources in Botswana. In underground water develop­ment work, borehole drilling is carried out by the Drilling Branch section of the Geological Survey, which has its headquarters at Gaborone and is under the control of a Drill Superin­tendent who is directly responsible to the Director of Geological Survey.

Besides these main activities, the Geological Survey undertakes special investigations where geological advice is required, such as in certain engineering problems, and also renders assist­ance to other Government Departments whenever required to do so. Special geological and geophysical investigations and research work are also undertaken where they are needed for a better understanding of the basic geology and geological structure of Botswana.

The Director of Geological Survey is Mining Commissioner for Botswana and the Depart­ment includes a Government Mining Engineer's division. Apart from specific functions the Geological Survey performs in relation to prospecting and mining this division is responsible for safe mining practices, the inspection of mines and machinery, and the implementation of explosives regulations. In the exercise of its dual functions as a Geological Survey and Mining Commissioner's office, the Department is responsible to Government for ensuring that mining company prospecting operations in Botswana are carried out energetically and efficiently with due regard to the provisions of the Mines and Minerals Act in force in the country.

The main costs of running the Geological Survey and the full costs of the development of underground water supplies in Botswana by drilling during 1968 were again borne on normal budget estimates. Funds were also provided from a special Development Project scheme to allow an expansion of the.Geological Survey by the formation of the Government Mining Engineer's division.

(b) SUDlInary of the Year's Work

Recruiting difficulties continued to be met with during 1968, and as a result of a number of resignations amongst both professional and technical staff the Geological Survey remained short-staffed throughout the year. The position in this regard was particularly serious during the second half of the year and even steps taken to provide an enh:nced entry point for Geolo­gists did not assist recruitment. The staff shortage affected work in all spheres of Geological Survey activity.

Regional reconnaissance geological mapping was continued and a total of about 1,750 square miles of previously unmapped country was geologically surveyed on a scale of 1: 125,000. Mapping was completed on three quarter degree sheet areas. Revision geological mapping was continued in southeastern Botswana.

Owing to the staff position only a limited amount of work could be carried out on direct mineral survey projects. A regional survey of the mineral potential of an area in northern Botswana was initiated. Iron-ore and manganese-ore occurrences were investigated. Special investigations work in the sphere of mineral survey included case history geophysical studies on nickel deposits in northeastern Botswana using up to eight different ground geophysical techniques.

In addition to the case history studies over known ore bodies, which are the subject of detailed investigations by mining companies at the present time, ground geophysical work was also carried out on behalf of one company to evaluate certain geophysical anomalies resulting from airborne electromagnetic and magnetic surveys.

During the year 17 State Grants were issued conferring special prospecting licences over various areas of Botswana for a variety of minerals. At the end of 1968,21 grants of prospecting rights were in force. Brief summaries of the work carried out by mining and prospecting com­panies in terms of these Grants of prospecting rights are given under the section on mineral survey in Part II, ECONOMIC GEOLOGY, of this report. Six applications for the grant of special prospecting licences were under consideration at the end of the year.

In underground water development work, geological and geophysical surveys were again carried out in nearly all District Council areas. Considerable assistance was also rendered to World Bank consultants investigating water supply problems in connection with developing mines. This was carried out as a Government counterpart contribution. Ground-water research programmes were intensified in certain areas. .

During 1968, a total of86 completed boreholes (both Government and for the private sector) were drilled on sites selected by officers of the Geological Survey. Of these boreholes, 70 were successful representing an overall success value of 81.5%' The Government Drilling Branch worked on 101 boreholes (including 16 cleaned and retested). The total footage drilled was 23,627 feet of which 16,844 feet were drilled in successful boreholes.

(c) Organization and staJl"

Certain minor changes were made in the schemes of service for professional officers. The two posts of Senior Geologist were retitled Principal Geologist. The post of Geologist was retitled Geologist/Senior Geologist with the title changing to Senior Geologist on entering the

2

(f) Q.uarter Degree Sheet 2022», Lake Ngaud

C.M. Thomas carried out a geological reconnaissance of this area during September prior to systematic mapping planned for 1969.

Representative samples of the main lithological types found in the Ghanzi Formation, the Kgwebe Porphyry Formation, the Bodibeng sandstone (Karro System) and other sedimentary rocks of uncertain age and correlation were collected for study.

IV UNDERGROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT

(a) Geological Survey Activities

The Geological Survey continued to be responsible for the control of all underground water development work in Botswana, including both the siting of boreholes following, geological and geophysical work, and the subsequent drilling of selected water borehole sites. .

In the course of this work geological and geophysical surveys were carried out in the Centra]" District; the North East District; Kgatleng District; Kweneng District; Ngwaketse District; South East District; Kgalagadi District; and Francistown and Lobatse township areas.

During 1968, a total of 86 completed water boreholes (both Government and private) were drilled on sites selected after geological and geophysical surveys carried out by officers of the Department. Of these 86 boreholes, 70 were successful representing an overall success value of 81.50/0 which compares well with that achieved during 1967 (81 %) The total number of completed boreholes, however, is about 180/0 lower than the number completed on Geological Survey drilling sites in 1967. This was due not only to the severe shortage of professional and technical staff experienced by the Geological Survey itself during 1968, but also because of a shortage of supervisory drilling personnel, due both to absences on enforced leave periods on completion of contracts and to resignations. A contributory factor as regards the number of completed boreholes was that m many areas the average depth drilled was well above that for previous years.

A tabulated list of boreholes drilled on sites selected by officers of the Geological Survey is given in Appendix IV.

(b) Drilling Branch Activities

During 196B, a total of23,627 feet was drilled by the Drilling Branch section of the Geological Survey in boreholes drilled for the development of underground water supplies. This footage is 8,236 feet less than the footage drilled in similar work during 1967, when a record footage was achieved. The reduced total is due not only to the shortage of staff referred to above, which meant that at certain times of the year the Drilling Branch was only operating at about 500/0 of its full strength, but also to the fact that two Drill Foremen were unable to carry out normal drilling duties for several weeks while assisting with detailed aquifer evaluation tests in the Orapa area.

During the year 101 boreholes (including 16 boreholes cleaned and retested) were worked on. Of the totalof85 new boreholes worked on, 4 boreholes totalling 1,180 feet had to be abandoned for technical reasons and 5 boreholes totalling 1,706 feet remained uncompleted at the end of the year. Of the total footage of 21,921 feet drilled in completed boreholes for underground water development purposes, 16,844 feet were drilled in successful boreholes.

14

In addition to this Government drilling, 6 successful boreholes totalling 2,206 feet were drilled on contract for De Beers Prospecting Botswana (Pty) Limited for aquifer evaluation tests carried out by Sir Alexander Gibb and Partners in collaboration with the Geological Survey in the Orapa area.

Apart from normal drilling for Government purposes and in various District Council areas, a considerable amount of assistance w~ again given to De Beers Prospecting Botswana (Pty) Limited in the Orapa area both to assist company prospecting operations and the aquifer evaluation tests being carried out there. Ten successful boreholes totalling 4,496 feet were completed and one borehole 306 feet deep was in progress at the end of the year. In addition, a Geological Survey Department test borehole, 921 feet deep, was in progress at the end of the year. The majority of these boreholes were drilled on a repayment basis.

In December a start was made with a drilling programme in the Selebi-Pikwe area to assist Bamangwato Concessions Limited in studies directed towards assessing available water reserves for water supplies which could be required in the mining and township construction stage should copper/nickel mines develop in this area.

Pre-occupation with work in the Orapa area for De Beers Prospecting Botswana (Pty) Limited curtailed th"e amount of work possible on boreholes drilled on repayment for private applicants in the various District Council areas. Only five successful boreholes were completed in connection with the borehole repayment scheme which will result in revenue amounting to R6,663 accruing to Government. '

(c) General Hydrogeological Research Work

The staff position again curtailed the amount of work possible on this important research programme, but it did prove possible to make a number of advances in this field.

A number of new automatic water level recorders were installed on suitable observation boreholes at such widely separated localities as Ghanzi, Nata, Francistown, Serowe, Orapa, Pikwe and Lobatse. A total of 16 automatic recorders are now in operation. In addition to these another 64 boreholes are monitored for changes in water level on a daily, weekly or monthly basis. Apart from at those centres listed above, these regular static water rest level measurements are made on observation boreholes in the Kalahari region, extending for over 100 miles west to the central Kalahari from Letlhakeng in the east, and from Serowe over 100 miles northwest "to the Letlhakane area near Orapa.

A grant was obtained during the year from the International Atomic En~rgy Agency in Vienna to carry out a research project on the effectiveness and application of environmental tritium as a ground-water tracer in Botswana to he carried out in collaboration with the Nuclear Physics Research Laboratory at the University of the Witwatersrand. This project will last for one year commencing in January 1969.

During the year detailed barometric levelling was carried out along a line of observation boreholes over a 120 mile long section from Serowe to Orapa and Lake Dow. A hydrogeological section was drawn up following the levelling.

The Geological Survey carried out detailed aquifer evaluation tests by controlled pumping methods in the Orapa area in collaboration with Sir Alexander Gibb and Partners, consultants appointed by the World Bank for this study, and De Beers Prospecting Botswana (Pty) Limited. The study was designed to make an assessment of the available water resources for the water ..

15

requirements for the proposed diamond mine on the AK I prospect at Orapa and, in particular, ground-water supplies available in the Cave Sandstone Stage (Stormberg Series, Karroo System) underlying the Stormberg Series basaltic lava in this area. The initial tests were carried out on 4- eight-inch diameter boreholes drilled on a diamond pattern with boreholes on the longer axis 5,000 feet apart and 3,000 feet apart on the .. horter axis. Diamond drill cored observation boreholes were sited at distances of 150 and 1,000 feet from each borehole on the extension of each axis. A fUFther· six-inch dialll@ter observation borehole was drilled in the centre of the diamond. Detailed tests carried out included step drawdown and equilibrium tests in all boreholes. Following these tests, coefficients of transmissibility (T) and storage (S) were calculated and were found to vary from 250 to 1000 gallons per day per foot and from 0.0009 toO.0006 respectively. Distance - drawdown diagrams were constructed for a hypo­thetical borehole in order to calculate long term effects of pumping without recharge and also to establish the probable economic costs and optimum spacing for a large well field. Further evaluation tests are planned on boreholes sited in relation to specific geological structures in the area.

Systematic sampling of ground waters for chemical analysis is being continued and to date over 2,000 full analyses have been carried out. Borehole waters in the Kweneng Di~trict were sampled in collaboration with Dr. J.C. Vogel, of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research in the Republic of South Mrica, for C-14- age determination work.

The acquisition during the year of a borehole fluid salinity and temperature logger should prove to be of considerable assistance in locating entry points of water into boreholes. Extremely encouraging results were obtained at Orapa where entry points of water into a number of boreholes could be determined to within one. centimetre.

A Huntec FS-3 single channel facsimile percussion seismic instrument was also purchased and found to be of considerable use in shallow groundwater surveys and for engineering geology problems.

The self-potential (spontaneous polarisation) method is now being used as an adjunct to resistivity and magnetic surveys in areas of shallow ground water and where underground water supplies can be expected from fissure systems. Encouraging results have been obtained. It is also planned to use a variety of electromagnetic techniques, including Mmagin the future selection of water borehole sites. .

V SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS

(a) Geophysical Studies

The main work in this sphere consisted of the initiation after April of a programme of detailed integrated case history geophysical studies of known or suspected ore deposits in various areas of Botswana. The geophysical methods employed included induced polarisation (time domain), Mm~g, vertical loop, electromagnetic, reconnaissance electromagnetic, gravimetric, magnetic, self potential and electrical resistivity.

A breakdown of geophysical work carried ~ut during the course of these studies is as follows:-

16

(c) Bulldings

A block of five additional offices was completed during the year. These offices will be used to house officers of the newly created Government Mining Engineer's Division as well as newly recruited Geologists. Plans are in hand to provide additional office accommodation for Geologists, when this block will revert entirely to the Government Mining Engineer's Division.

Staff houses were also under construction during the year for the Government Mining Engineer's Division and these should be completed during the first quarter of 1969.

VB CONFERENCES AND EXTRA- TERRITORIAL RELATIONS

R. Mason attended the annual congress of the Geological Society of South Africa held in Grahamstown in the Republic of South Africa in July. Mr. Mason presented two papers, "The Limpopo Mobile Belt in Eastern Botswana" and "The Metamorphic History of the Tati Schist Belt". He was also joint author of another paper entitled "A reappraisal of Some Aspects of Precambrian Shield Geology".

vm REPORTS AND PUBLICATIONS

(a) PublicatioDs

The Departmental Annual Report for 1967 was issued in December.

Publication of other material was delayed due to shortage of staff and hence the inability of more senior officers to pay attention to this work in view of their heavy commitments in other fields. Descriptions of all mapped areas are, however, available at Geological Survey headquarters at Lobatse, details of which can be supplied on request.

(b) Reports

The undermentioned, more important reports were prepared in addition to a number of short Departmental reports mainly concerning underground water supply investigations.

By C. Boocock

Annual Report of the Geological Survey Department for the year ended 31st December 1967.

By C.M.H. Jennings

Report on the ground-water storage capacity of the Lobatse area.

Note on hydrological research in Botswana with special emphasis on research in the hydro­geological field (to be published in the Journal of the South African Association for the Advancement of Science. )

By M.T.Jones

The geology of the. Molepolole Area (Quarter degree sheet 2425B).

19

APPENDIX I

Staff position at 31st December 1968

Geological Survey

Establishment Designation

'I

8

Director ..

Deputy Director

Principal Geologist .

Government Mining Engineer

Geologists/Senior Geologists ..

.. C. Boocock, O.B.E., M.SC., M.I.M.M.,

F.G.S., M.S.A.INST.M.M.

C.M.H. Jennings, M.SC.

M.T. Jones, B.SC. (HONS.), F.G.S.

Vacant (1)

Vacant (1)

R.N. Crockett, B.SC. (HONS.),

F.G.S.

J.D. Bennett, B.SC. (HONS.), PH.D.,

F.G.S.

C.M. Thomas, B.SC. (HONS.)

Vacant (5)

1 Assistant Government Mining Engineer Vacant (1)

2 Chemists.. G.L. Adams, B.SC.

2

5

2

1

3

2

Cartographers .

Administrative Assistant .

Personal Secretary ..

Scientific Assistants .

Senior (Diamond) Drillers

Laboratory Technician ..

Geological Draughting Assistant (C.I)

Higher Clerical Officer (C.2)

Laboratory Assistant (C.I)

Works Staff Grade II (C. 1 )

Clerical Officers (C.3)

Copy typists.. (D.5.4)

21

L.G. Hutton, B.SC. (HONS.),

G.R.I.C., Dip. p.oc.

K.Jennings C.A. Candy

W.H. Palmer

Miss D.V. Turner

R.J. Hastings J.A.]. de Wet F. Bicheno

Vacant (2)

W. Burgoffer

Vacant (1)

R.J. Malejane

E. Moabi

H. Keaikitse

E.K. Mpatane

L. Kgomela

3

2

Artisan (C.2)

1 Tracer (C.2) 1

2 Laboratory Assistarits (C.3) 2

2 Tracers (C.3). 2

1 Storeman (C.4.3)

2 Field Assistants (C.3) 1

33 Motor Drivers (C.3) 21

Industrial Class not enumerated

Underground Water Development (Drilling Branch)

Drill Superintendent E.M.F. Owen

Assistant Drill Superintendent C.P. Hattingh

Senior Driller .. M.J. Swart

Scientific Assistant .. D.J.V. Pretorius

9 Drill Foremen . W.J. du Plessis P.H.F. Moll A.S.A. Pelser J.L. Bouwer F.C. Eloff F.H. Schutz

Vacant (3)

Higher Technical Officer (Works Staff Grade 1) .. C. Sterk

Clerk/Storekeeper (C.l) . L. Botlhole

Clerical Officer (C.3) 1

14- Motor Drivers (C.3) 10

Industrial Class not enumerated

22

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olep

olol

e, K

wen

eng

Dis

tric

t 11

8 B

lank

G

rave

l (3

0')

and

deco

mpo

sed

dole

rite

. 21

29

Mor

apo,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 10

0 70

0 45

22

D

oler

ite,

dec

ompo

sed

to 5

0'.

2130

O

rapa

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

420

2,00

0 34

2 47

B

asal

t (3

42')

and

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

K

arro

o S

yste

m).

21

31

Fra

ncis

tow

n to

wns

hip

148

200

90

,98

30

B

asei

nent

Com

plex

sch

ist w

ith

brec

ciat

ed z

one

at 1

00

feet

. 21

32

Fra

ncis

tow

n to

wns

hip

150

2,00

0 90

to

110

22

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex g

neis

s an

d sc

hist

wit

h br

ecci

ated

zo

ne a

t 11

0'.

Kal

ahar

i Bed

s (4

60'),

silt

ston

e &

sha

le (

470'

), d

oler

ite

(520

') sa

ndst

one

(590

') &

dol

erit

e (E

cca

Seri

es,

Kar

-

2133

P

hudu

hudu

, K

gala

gadi

Dis

tric

t 60

0 1,

150

roo

Sys

tem

).

490,

580

43

0 B

asal

t (2

10')

&

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

20

0 K

arro

o S

yste

m).

Stat

ic

Dep

th W

ater

W

ater

O

ffici

al

Loca

lity

Dep

th

riel

d in

St

ruck

in

Res

t G

eolo

gy

No.

in

G

.P.H

. .fe

et

Leve

l Je

et

in

feet

2f35

L

obat

se t

own$

hip

200

2,00

0 14

6 11

:A

Che

rty

grav

el (

60'),

che

rt (

150'

) &

dol

omit

e (D

olo-

mIt

e Se

ries

, T

rans

vaal

Sys

tem

).

2136

L

obat

se t

owns

hip

135

3,00

0 11

9 90

C

hert

y &

che

rty

grav

el (

120'

) &

dol

omit

e (D

olom

ite

Seri

es,

Tra

nsva

al S

yste

m).

21

37

Franci~town t

owns

hip

215

1,20

0 92

51

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

sch

ist,

deco

mpo

sed

to 7

0'.

2138

F

ranc

isto

wn

tow

nshi

p 12

7 2,

000

60,

103,

125

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

sch

ist,

deco

mpo

sed

to 8

0'.

2139

M

olep

olol

e, K

wen

eng

Dis

tric

t 28

9 25

0 10

8 74

-D

oler

ite

(200

') de

com

pose

d to

12

0'

&

Wat

erbe

rg

t S

yste

m q

uart

ziti

c sa

ndst

one.

21

40

Mol

epol

ole,

K w

enen

g D

istr

ict

llB

2,

000

64

,82

, 10

9, 1

18

40

Wat

erbe

rg S

yste

m s

hale

, si

ltsto

ne &

qua

rtzi

tic

sand

-st

one.

21

41

Fra

ncis

tow

n to

wns

hip

130

2,00

0 66

, 70

, ll

2

40

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex s

chis

t, de

com

pose

d to

70'

. 21

42

Fra

ncis

tow

n to

wns

hip

130

2,00

0 70

to

114

30

Bas

emen

t Com

plex

sch

ist &

am

phib

olit

e, d

ecom

pose

d to

110

'. 21

43

Fra

ncis

tow

n to

wns

hip

200

4,00

0 67

, 10

2, 1

50

48

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex s

chis

t &

m

inor

dol

erit

e, d

ecom

-"-=

l po

sed

to 7

0'.

(J1

2144

-O

rapa

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

450

1,80

0 38

9 49

B

asal

t (3

89')

and

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

K

arro

o Sy

stem

.)

2145

Se

row

.e,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 66

2 B

lank

85

52

C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s, K

arro

o Sy

stem

) (1

0 g.

p.h.

) to

270

' and

Wat

erbe

rg S

yste

m q

uart

ziti

c sa

ndst

one

&

shal

e.

2146

D

ukw

e, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

456

2,00

0 38

6 12

3 K

alah

ari B

eds

(40'

), m

udst

one

& s

hale

(10

0'),

dol

erit

e (1

70'),

car

bona

ceou

s sh

ale

and

coa

l (3

80')

and

sand

-st

one

(Ecc

a Se

ries

, K

arro

o S

yste

m).

21

47

Fra

ncis

tow

n to

wns

hip

300

4,00

0 6

4,8

4,

110

50

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex a

mph

ibol

ite,

bro

ken

& p

artl

y de

-co

mpo

see

to 1

40'.

2148

M

olep

olol

e, K

wen

eng

Dis

tric

t 32

0 B

lank

W

ater

berg

Sys

tem

sha

le,

silt

ston

e &

qua

rtzi

tic

sand

-st

one.

21

49

Fra

ncis

tow

n to

wns

hip

130

2,00

0 u6

0 36

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

sch

ist,

de(:

ompo

sed

to 6

0'.

2150

F

ranc

isto

wn

tow

nshi

p 11

0 2,

000

61,7

1 32

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

sch

ist,

dec:

ompo

sed

to 6

0'.

2.15

1 O

otsi

. S

outh

Ea$

t D

istri

<:t

306

1.20

0 80

& o

n 60

. 35

0 15

C

hert

y gr

avel

(70

1 ) &

Wat

erbe

rg S

yste

m s

hale

s.

2152

O

rapa

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

423

3,60

0 6

0,3

50

,39

0

39

"Bas

alt

(330

') an

d C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

2153

O

rap

a C

entr

al D

istr

ict

921

IN P

RO

GR

ESS

B

asal

t &

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

2154

O

rapa

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

585

1,00

0 6

4,3

90

,52

0

45

Bas

alt

(288

') &

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

57

0 K

arro

o S

yste

m).

Stat

ic

Dep

th W

ater

W

ater

O

ffici

al

Loca

lity

Dep

th

riel

d in

St

ruck

in

Res

t G

eolo

gy

No.

in

G

.P.H

. fe

et

Leve

l fe

et

in

feet

2155

F

ranc

isto

wn

tow

nshi

p 10

4 2,

000

60

,72

,92

42

B

asem

ent C~mplex s

chis

t, de

com

pose

d to

70'

. 21

56

Tat

i S

idin

g, N

orth

Eas

t D

istr

ict

154

Bla

nk

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex g

rani

te,

deco

mpo

sed

to 5

0'.

. 21

57

Duk

we,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 45

6 2,

000

252,

363

125

Ecc

a Se

ries

sha

le,

silts

tone

and

san

dsto

ne

(Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

2158

M

olep

olol

e, K

wen

eng

Dis

tric

t 30

7 B

lank

W

ater

berg

Sys

tem

sha

le, s

iltst

one

and

sand

ston

e w

ith

diab

ase

(41'

to

183'

).

2159

G

ambu

le,

Nor

th E

ast

Dis

tric

t 17

0 2,

000

98,

125,

160

62

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

gne

iss

and

amph

ibol

ite,

dec

om-

pose

d to

60'

. 21

60

Sek

akan

gwe,

Nor

th E

ast

Dis

tric

t 15

0 2,

000

101,

108

, 11

5 80

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

gne

iss

and

amph

ibol

ite,

dec

om-

135

pose

d to

110

'. 21

61

Phu

duhu

du,

Kga

laga

di D

istr

ict

500

Bore

hole

aba

ndon

ed fo

r te

chm

cal r

easo

ns

Kal

ahar

i B

eds.

21

62

Ser

owe,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 30

0 1,

800

159

102

Bas

alt

(159

') &

C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

2163

K

haka

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

494

2,40

0 25

0,39

0,42

8 19

0 K

alah

ari

Bed

s (1

74'),

bas

alt

(424

') an

d {J

ave

San

d-r-

.,j

ston

e (K

arro

o Sy

stem

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s.)

0')

2164

-K

anye

, N

gwak

etse

Dis

tric

t 21

1 B

lank

D

oler

ite,

dec

ompo

sed

to 1

00'.

2165

D

ukw

e, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

468

900

265,

324

10

1 S

ilts

tone

(90

'), d

oler

ite

(190

'), s

hale

wit

h m

inor

coa

l an

d s

ands

tone

(E

cca

Seri

es,

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

2166

M

alet

e, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

300

250

180

165

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex g

rani

te,

deco

mpo

sed

to 1

80' a

nd

diab

ase.

21

67

Sha

shi

Dri

ft,

Nor

th E

ast

Dis

tric

t 18

0 60

0 84

,94,

114

75

B

asem

ent C

ompl

ex s

chis

t an

d am

phib

olit

e (1

70')

and

gran

ite.

21

68

Mak

alen

g, N

ort

hE

ast

Dis

tric

t 21

5 10

0 11

4 90

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

gra

nite

, dec

ompo

see

to 7

0'.

2169

M

olep

olol

e, K

wen

eng

Dis

tric

t 30

0 B

lank

S

hale

(7

0'),

qu

artz

ite

(110

'),

diab

ase

(240

') an

d

Bok

aa,

Kga

tlen

g D

istr

ict

quar

tzit

e (W

ater

berg

Sys

tem

) 21

70

262

Bla

nk

Gab

oron

e ty

pe g

rani

te.

2171

Se

row

e, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

700

2,20

0 52

0 to

550

30

1 N

o sa

mpl

es.

2172

M

alet

e, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

250

Bla

nk

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex g

rani

te, d

ecom

pose

d to

90'

. 21

73

Pha

reng

(K

anye

) N

gwak

etse

Dis

tric

t 20

0 4,

000

170,

189

10

S

ands

tone

(W

ater

berg

Sys

tem

).

2174

O

rapa

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

424

3,46

0 36

0,42

0 54

B

asal

t (3

60')

and

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

K

arro

o S

yste

m).

21

75

Ora

pa,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 41

2 2,

000

38

2,3

90

,40

8

50

Bas

alt

(375

') an

d C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

2176

M

ambo

, N

orth

Eas

t D

istr

ict

150

300

73,

135

65

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex g

rani

te,

deco

mpo

sed

to 7

0'.

2177

P

ilan

e, K

gatl

eng

Dis

tric

t 25

3 B

lank

F

elsi

te (

Kan

ye V

olca

nic

Gro

up).

Stat

ic

Dep

th W

ater

W

ater

O

ffici

al

Loca

lity

Dep

th

riel

d in

St

ruck

in

Res

t G

eolo

gy

No.

in

G

.P.H

. fe

et

Leve

l fe

et

in

feet

2178

P

ilan

e, K

gatl

eng

Dis

tric

t 20

7 75

0 17

2, 1

93,

148

Fels

ite (

Kan

ye V

olca

nic

Gro

up).

21

'79

Ora

pa,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 46

4 2,

:540

36

0,38

0,44

0 51

B

asal

t (3

40')

and

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

K

arro

o S

yste

m).

21

80

Selo

kole

la,

Ngw

aket

se D

istr

ict

(Phi

tsan

e)

176

1,80

0 14

0 &

on

91

San

d (4

0')

and

cher

t br

ecci

a (D

olom

ite

Seri

es,

Tra

nsva

al S

yste

m).

,

2181

S

eolw

ane,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 20

0 B

lank

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

gra

nite

, de

com

pose

d to

120

'.

2182

O

rapa

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

-t02

5,00

0 90

to

295

48

Bas

alt

(295

') an

d C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

2183

O

rapa

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

385

3,00

0 45

, 28

5 33

B

asal

t (2

80')

and

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

K

arro

o S

yste

m).

21

84

Ora

pa,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 33

5 3,

000

225

34

Bas

alt

(280

') an

d C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

• K

arro

o S

yste

m).

21

85

Ora

pa,

Cen

tral

Dis

tr~c

t 45

5 3,

000

270

50

Bas

alt

(375

') an

d C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

t.,J

K

arro

o S

yste

m).

-..

...)

?lR

6 Se

olw

ane,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 20

0 B

lank

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

gra

nite

, de

com

pose

d to

90'

. 21

87

Mat

amor

a (M

ochu

di)

Kga

tlen

g D

istr

ict

200

450

104,

130

83

A

lluv

ium

(40

') an

d B

asem

ent

Com

plex

gra

nite

, de

-co

mpo

sed

to 1

40'.

2188

S

eolw

ane,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 18

0 Bo

reho

le a

band

oned

for

tech

nica

l rea

sons

R

asem

ent C

ompl

ex g

rani

te.

2189

Se

olw

ane,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 24

5 50

0 18

0 14

1 B

asem

ent

Com

plex

gra

nite

, de

com

pose

d to

180

'. 21

90

Ora

pa,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 30

4 3,

000

90.

200

39

Bas

alt

(200

') an

d C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

2192

O

rapa

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

430

2,50

0 60

, 37

9, 4

20

48

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

Bas

alt

(380

') an

d C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

2193

O

rapa

. C

entr

al D

istr

ict

450

2,57

0 5

0,3

45

,37

0

48

Bas

alt

(340

') an

d C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

425,

445

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

2194

N

ata,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 83

B

lank

41

38

R

ecen

t flu

viat

ile

sand

s.

(Sal

ine

supp

ly)

2195

M

auna

tlal

a, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

120

1,20

0 45

36

B

asem

ent

Com

plex

gra

nite

, de

com

pose

d to

70'

. 21

96

Mai

tlo

a P

hudu

hudu

, K

gala

gadi

Dis

tric

t 23

0 Bo

reho

le a

band

oned

for

tech

nual

rea

sons

K

alah

ari

Bed

s.

2197

D

ipha

la,

Ngw

aket

se D

istr

ict

275

60

98

48

Mar

oon

and

dark

gre

y qu

artz

itic

san

dsto

ne (

Wat

er-

berg

Sys

tem

) an

d di

abas

e.

2198

O

rapa

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

325

3,00

0 90

30

B

asal

t (2

20')

and

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

K

arro

o S

yste

m).

21

99

Ora

pa,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 43

2 3,

600

38

,50

,28

2,

2626

B

asal

t (2

80')

and

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

3

04

,31

4,3

24

K

arro

o S

yste

m).

t-:)

CO

Offi

cial

N

o.

2200

2201

2202

2203

22

04

2205

2206

2207

2211

Z.1

568

Z.1

572

Z.1

573

Z.1

600

Z.1

618

Loca

lity

Dep

th

in

feet

Bus

hman

Min

e, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

256

Rat

holo

, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

240

Mot

ale

(Sel

ebi)

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 15

4

Bus

hman

Min

e, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

187

Leb

owan

e-la

-Mam

apok

oro

(Mol

otoa

na),

K

gatl

eng

D~st

rict

18

1 M

aido

a P

hudu

hudu

, K

gala

gadi

Dis

tric

t 27

0

Ora

pa,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 30

6

Din

tsw

ane,

Ngw

aket

se D

istr

ict

III

Mai

tlo

a P

hudu

hudu

, K

gala

gadi

Dis

t 25

8

Dep

th W

ater

Yi

eld

in

Stru

ck i

n G

.P.H

. fe

et

Bla

nk

900

205

2,40

0 55

, 72

, 78

, 11

0

In p

rogr

ess

500

120

Bore

hole

aba

ndon

ed fo

r te

chni

cal

reas

ons

In P

rogr

ess

In P

rogr

ess

In P

rogr

ess

Stat

ic

Wat

er

Res

t Le

vel

in

feet

168 36

90

Geo

logy

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex g

neis

s, s

chis

t, m

etaq

uart

zite

and

am

phib

olit

e.

I

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex g

neis

s an

d m

inor

am

phib

olit

e.

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex g

neis

s an

d am

phib

olit

e, d

ecom

­po

sed

.to 8

0'.

Bas

emen

t C

ompl

ex g

neis

s an

d am

phib

olit

e.

Dia

base

, de

com

pose

d to

120

'. K

alah

ari

Bed

s.

Bas

alt a

nd C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s, K

arro

o S

yste

m).

K

alah

ari

Bed

s (8

0'),

sha

le,

silts

tone

and

san

dsto

ne

(Wat

erbe

rg S

yste

m).

K

alah

ari :

aeds

and

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies,

K

arro

o S

yste

m).

Pri

va

te b

ore

ho

les

dri

lled

08

sit

es s

elec

ted

by

th

e Ge

olog

i~al

Su

rvey

Mol

opo

Ran

ch,

Mol

opo

Sta

te L

ands

41

2 1,

200

260

260

Kal

ahar

i B

eds

Paj

e, C

entr

al D

istr

ict

471

800

420

280

Bas

alt

(150

') an

d C

ave

San

dsto

ne (

Sto

rmbe

rg S

erie

s,

Kar

roo

Sys

tem

).

Ser

owe,

Cen

tral

Dis

tric

t 20

2 1,

300

50

33

Cav

e S

ands

tone

(S

torm

berg

Ser

ies~

Karr

oo S

yste

m).

8J

M,

Mol

opo

Sta

te L

ands

52

2 66

0 37

9,47

0,

Kal

ahar

i B

eds

to 4

80

28JM

, M

olop

o S

tate

Lam

ds

In P

rogr

ess