Health Statistics and GenderHealth Statistics and Gender

Dr Edward Sondik – US NCHSDr Edward Sondik – US NCHSESA/STAT/AC.219/5ESA/STAT/AC.219/5

October 11, 2010October 11, 2010

Health Statistics and GenderHealth Statistics and Gender A Catalyst for Change A Catalyst for Change

October 11, 2010October 11, 2010

Gender Statistics Gender Statistics

•PurposePurpose

•Enhance the capacity of countries Enhance the capacity of countries to to collectcollect, , disseminatedisseminate and and useuse quality gender statisticsquality gender statistics

Gender Statistics Gender Statistics

•PurposePurpose

•Enhance the capacity of countries Enhance the capacity of countries to to collectcollect, , disseminatedisseminate and and useuse qualityquality gender statistics gender statistics

This morning …This morning …

• Health Statistics in the USHealth Statistics in the US

•The US “system” of health The US “system” of health statisticsstatistics

•Principal sourcesPrincipal sources

• A snapshot of US women’s healthA snapshot of US women’s health

•The The impactimpact of data of data

• The importance of “triangulation”The importance of “triangulation”

The “System” of Health The “System” of Health StatisticsStatistics

in the United Statesin the United States

MonitorMonitor the nation’s health the nation’s health by by collectingcollecting, analyzing and , analyzing and disseminating health datadisseminating health data

•AnalyzeAnalyze across time, populations, across time, populations, providers and geographic areasproviders and geographic areas

• IdentifyIdentify health problems, risk health problems, risk factors, and disease patternsfactors, and disease patterns

• InformInform actions and policies to improve actions and policies to improve the health of the American peoplethe health of the American people

DiscoveryDiscovery and and EvaluationEvaluation

National Center for Health National Center for Health Statistics Statistics What We Do What We Do

How We Monitor ….How We Monitor ….

•Vital Statistics … data collected Vital Statistics … data collected by States and Territoriesby States and Territories

•Health Status Health Status •National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)•National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

•Health Care SurveysHealth Care Surveys

Federal Statistical Agency Federal Statistical Agency Operating GuidelinesOperating Guidelines

Snapshot of US Women’s Snapshot of US Women’s HealthHealth

… … with an emphasis on how with an emphasis on how statistics have helped improve statistics have helped improve women’s health women’s health

December 9, 1985

December 9, 1985

Teen Pregnancy by Race/Ethnicity: Teen Pregnancy by Race/Ethnicity: United States, 1990-2008United States, 1990-2008

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics SystemSOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System

Births per 1,000 femalesBirths per 1,000 females

Non-Hispanic blackNon-Hispanic black

Non-Hispanic whiteNon-Hispanic white

HispanicHispanicAmerican Indian/Alaska NativeAmerican Indian/Alaska Native

Asian or Pacific IslanderAsian or Pacific Islander

Heart disease mortality and hospitalization rates by sex: United

States, 1990-2007

Source: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System and National Hospital Discharge Survey.

Mortality rate per 100,000 Hospitalization rate per 10,000

Hospitalization rate

Mortality rate

CVD Death Rates for Women CVD Death Rates for Women as a Percent of Male Rates as a Percent of Male Rates

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System.SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System.

WHO on Hypertension using WHO on Hypertension using NHANES Data NHANES Data

Hypertension and MedicationHypertension and MedicationUnited States, 2005-2008United States, 2005-2008

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

------ Women ------ Women ------------

Percent

------- Men ------------- Men ------

Factors in Longevity/SurvivalFactors in Longevity/Survival

• A New Article: “What Changes A New Article: “What Changes In Survival Rates Tell Us About In Survival Rates Tell Us About US Health Care” by Peter A. US Health Care” by Peter A. Muennig and Sherry A. Glied Muennig and Sherry A. Glied

• Published in Published in Health AffairsHealth Affairs, , October 7, 2010October 7, 2010

Health Spending and 15-Yr Survival Health Spending and 15-Yr Survival 45-Year-Old Women, 1975 And 2005 45-Year-Old Women, 1975 And 2005

No Health InsuranceNo Health InsuranceAges 18-64Ages 18-64

United States, 2009United States, 2009

Percent

No Usual Source of Health No Usual Source of Health CareCare

United States, 2009United States, 2009

TriangulationTriangulation

Example: Teen pregnancyExample: Teen pregnancy

•Teen educationTeen education

•Teen housingTeen housing

•Substance abuseSubstance abuse

•Other factors Other factors

Sections onSections on

•DemographicsDemographics

•HealthHealth

•EducationEducation

•EnvironmentEnvironment

•HousingHousing

•Criminal justiceCriminal justice

•and moreand more

Summing Up …Summing Up …

In the US … In the US …

• Collecting and disseminating Gender Collecting and disseminating Gender Statistics takes a large village – lots Statistics takes a large village – lots of partnersof partners

• The Federal Statistical System leads The Federal Statistical System leads in data production, definitions and in data production, definitions and methods, but methods, but

• Analysis and use is a broad field Analysis and use is a broad field

•Agencies, Academics and AnalystsAgencies, Academics and Analysts

Summing Up …Summing Up …

In the US … In the US …

• Informing policy-makers is a Informing policy-makers is a challenge … challenge …

•But the impact has been greatBut the impact has been great

• For NCHS … we sound alarms For NCHS … we sound alarms and evaluate progressand evaluate progress

• Independence as a Federal Independence as a Federal Statistical Agency is critical Statistical Agency is critical