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Lebanon

Acknowledgments

The (I)NDC Content Briefs were produced by the Climate Policy

Team of the World Bank Climate Change Group. The team was led

by Sebastian Wienges and Ana Bucher under the supervision of

Stephen Alan Hammer. Detail analysis of country (I)NDC was

provided by Tom Witt, Jiawei Song, Karan Chouksey (mitigation

components), Yin Qiu, Yunziyi Lang, and Prajwal Baral (adaptation

components). The team is grateful for all comments and

suggestions received from regional and sector specialists

regarding the presentation and synthesis of relevant information.

© 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433, U.S.A. Internet: www.worldbank.org

Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group

MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution

Introduction In response to a growing interest in understanding (Intended) Nationally DeterminedContributions ((I)NDCs) and with regard to the ultimate goal of supporting countries'implementation of their national climate targets, the World Bank Climate Policy Team (WBCPT) has

reviewed all developing countries (I)NDCs' submitted to the UNFCCC. The (I)NDC Content Brief

aims to provide a summary analysis of existing and instead country mitigation and adaptation

policies and plans, commitments and targets, implementation strategies and sector priorities,

associated costs and conditionalities, and stated gaps and needs, among other issues.

The (I)NDC content briefs are created solely on the basis of information from submitted(I)NDCs and makes no inferences about robustness, quality, or viability of intended policiesor actions.

The (I)NDCs review will help implementing organizations like the World Bank Group (WBG) identify

and familiarize with a range of country priorities in terms of sectoral engagement, and needs in

terms of capacity building, technology transfer, and financing. Based on this comprehensive

mapping exercise, the WBG will develop a useful, easytouse, and interactive database and briefs

of all (I)NDCs to inform a wide range of WBG initiatives and client engagement processes, including

the development of Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) and Country Partnership Frameworks

(CPFs), and at a later stage respond to the more specific requests from all WBG Global Practices

(GPs), regions, and country units for the identification of potential development opportunities,

analytical studies and technical assistance to support countries' implementation of planned policies

and actions. Indepth summaries of (I)NDCs by sectors and regions will be prepared at a later stage.

In regards to Adaptation, although no global adaptation mechanism is established, the ParisAgreement parties are required to engage in adaptation planning and implementation of actions

which include preparation of adaptation plans. The Adaptation section of a large number of

submitted (I)NDCs, aims to increase development planning and scale the ability of countries to

adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse

gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten sustainable development. In

addition to requested finance, the implementation of country commitments is largely tied to

significant amounts of external assistance to support development and execution of adaptation

plans. Although subsequent (I)NDCs are not explicitly required to have an adaptation component,

the process will ensure increased resilience is recognized under the UNFCCC and climate finance

mobilization is enhanced with an aim to achieve a balance between adaptation and mitigation flows.



Table of Contents

I Overall Planning and Preparation Process

II Mitigation

Economywide Targets

Economywide Policies

Mitigation Actions and Policies

III Adaptation

Adaptation Targets

Adaptation Context

Adaptation Actions and Policies

Acronyms

BAU Business as Usual NAMA Nationally Appropriate MitigationActions

CIFPPCR Climate Investment Funds PilotProgram for Climate Resilience

NAP National Adaptation Plan

DRM Disaster Risk Management NAPA National Adaptation Programmesof Action

INDC Intended Nationally DeterminedContributions

REDD+ Reducing emissions fromdeforestation and forestdegradation and the role ofconservation, sustainablemanagement of forests andenhancement of forest carbonstocks in developing countries

LEDS Low Emission DevelopmentStrategy

LULUCF Land Use and Land Use Changeand Forestry

|

|

|



Overall Planning and

Preparation Process

How reliable is the prioritization of the (I)NDC? How serious is thegovernment about implementing policies and actions to achieve the (I)NDCtargets?

Political decision of adoption of INDC at:Head of state level

Interministerial level

Parliament

Ministry Level

Technical development of INDC through a participatory processStakeholder involvement

Multisector commision YES

Have development benefits been assessed and considered in the planningprocess?

Are there climate policies and actions already in place/under development?

LEDS

NAMAS

NAPA


$N/A

(in Billion USD)

TOTAL COST OF

IMPLEMENTATION (mitigation and adaptation)


Existing policies:National Sustainable Development Strategy

Second National Communication

Has the INDC development been supported by a development partner?Technical support

Financial support

Implementation Plans and Needs

Specific requests for international provision of means of implementation:

Technology Transfer YES

Financial support YES

Capacity Building YES

Does the INDC intend the private sector to be involved in theimplementation of the NDC?

Are carbon pricing/international market mechanisms intended?YES

Are there any barriers identified?

Link list:• Lebanon INDC Factsheet (projected per capita emissions): http://www.climateenergycollege.net/files/site1/factsheets/Lebanon_INDCFactsheet_UoMPRIMAP_GWPAR4.pdf


http://www.climate-energy-college.net/files/site1/factsheets/Lebanon_INDCFactsheet_UoM-PRIMAP_GWPAR4.pdf

-15%

n/a

additional -15%

n/a


Mitigation

ECONOMY-WIDE TARGETS

Conditionality: INDC page link

Unconditional part of mitigation target:Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:Estimated costs for implementation:

Coverage of Gases: CO , CH , N O

Other Targets:

POLICIES:

TARGET YEAR

2030TARGET TYPE

-30%Relative Emission Reduction

Compared to BAU (%)

N/A(in Billion USD)

COST OFIMPLEMENTATION

2 4 2


n/a

n/a

n/a

15% of the power and heat demand fromrenewables by 2030

n/a

Additional 5% of the power and heat demandfrom renewables by 2030

n/a

n/a


MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

RENEWABLE

ENERGYTargets: INDC page link

20% of the power and heat demand from renewables by 2030 P. 8

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:

Estimated costs for implementation:

Conditional part of mitigation target:


Emission reduction potential:


http://www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/Lebanon/1/Republic%20of%20Lebanon%20-%20INDC%20-%20September%202015.pdf#page=8

n/a

n/a

n/a

3% reduction in power demand throughenergy-efficiency measures in 2030 belowBAU

n/a

Additional 7% reduction in power demandthrough energy-efficiency measures in 2030below BAU

n/a

n/a


MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

ENERGY

EFFICIENCYTargets: INDC page link

-10% in power demand through energy-efficiency measures in 2030 belowBAU

P. 8

Estimated total costs for implementation:

Capacity building needs:

Technology needs:

Unconditional part of mitigation target:


Conditional part of mitigation target:


Emission reduction potential:




MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESINDUSTRIES Plans:

Industries: General P. 9




MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESWASTE Plans:

Waste: General



MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESAGRICULTURE Plans:

Agriculture: General P. 9




MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESLULUCF/FORESTRY Plans:

LULUCF/Forestry: General P. 9



N/A

N/A


Adaptation

ADAPTATION TARGETS

ADAPTATION CONTEXT

Existing National Development/Resilience Policies and Plans

National Communications SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION

NAPs

NAPAS

CIF-PPCRs

Sectoral Strategies

Cross-cuttingNATIONAL SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Conditionality:

Unconditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional part of adaptation implementation

Conditional upon international provision of meansof implementation

YES

TARGET YEAR

2030N/A

(in Billion USD)

COST OFIMPLEMENTATION


n/a

n/a

Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a

Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a

Technology Transfer:

Capacity Building: n/a


ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES

ENVIRONMENT

ECOSYSTEM AND

BIODIVERSITY

Policy: INDC page link

National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, 2015 (Draft)

Actions:

CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link

Conducting needs assessment and defining pilot national monitoringsites and species. Coastal zones are considered a priority;

Designing and implementing pilot action plans.P. 4

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation

Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:

Implementation Needs:



n/a

n/a







LULUCF/FORESTRY

SUSTAINABLE

FOREST

MANAGEMENT

Target: INDC page link

P. 4

Lebanon aims to reach land degradation neutrality by 2030.


National Forest Plan, 2015Ministry of Agriculture Strategy, 2015

Actions:


National Forest Programme: raising tree nurseries’ productivity, planting oftrees, implementing the forest fire fighting strategy, applying forestintegrated pest management.

P. 4

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation






n/a

n/a







AGRICULTURE

FOOD SECURITY


National Forest Plan, NFP, 2015 and Ministry of Agriculture Strategy, 2015

Actions:


Promoting Good Agricultural Practices through the support of organicfarming and obtaining quality certificates.

P. 4

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a







IRRIGATIONActions:


Rehabilitating irrigation canals.

P. 4

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a







CLIMATE SMART

AGRICULTUREActions:


Developing an early warning system for agricultural pests and climaticconditions.

P. 4

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a







WATER

WATER

MANAGEMENT


National Water Sector Strategy, 2012

Actions:


Improving water security such as through increasing artificial recharge ofgroundwater aquifers and increasing surface storage dams and hill lakes;Optimizing the use of the current water resources through therehabilitation of the existing network and the installation of water meters.

P. 4

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a







WATER EFFICIENCY Policy: INDC page link


Actions:


Improving water efficiency and decrease water loss in irrigation.

P. 4

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a







WASTEWATER

TREATMENT



Actions:


Increasing wastewater collection and treatment.

P. 4

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





n/a

n/a







WATER

CONSERVATION

AND REUSE



Actions:


Increasing water reuse.

P. 4

Funder

Implementing Agency

Cost Estimation





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