Matter

• Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Mass

• How much matter is in an object.

Volume

• How much space an object takes up.

What is an element?• An element is a pure substance made of a

single kind of atom. Examples of elements are gold, silver, copper, oxygen, and carbon.

(You can’t see oxygen….)

Chemical Symbolsrepresent ELEMENTS

• Oxygen – O• Hydrogen- H• Carbon – C• Nitrogen – N• Calcium – Ca• Silicon – Si• Iron - Fe

Compounds

• More than one element combined such as • H20 (water)• CO2 (carbon dioxide)

LITHOSPHERE-• The solid part of Earth. It contains

rocks and minerals. Oxygen and silicon are the most abundant elements in this sphere.

• Litho = rock

Biosphere

• Contains Earth’s living matter. All plants and animals are part of the biosphere. Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus are the most abundant elements in living things.

• Bio = Life

Hydrosphere• All of the water on Earth is part of the

hydrosphere. The main component of the hydrosphere, the oceans, makes up more than 70% of Earth’s surface. The most common elements in the hydrosphere are oxygen and hydrogen because these two elements make up water or H2O.

• Hydro = water

Atmosphere

• The atmosphere includes the air that surround Earth. Weather happens in the atmosphere. The most abundant gases in the air are nitrogen, oxygen, and argon.

• Atmos = air

Inference

• An explanation based on observation and experience. If a statement contains the word “like”, it is an inference!

• The kids are running around like a bunch of chickens! (Inference)

• The kids are running across the playground. (observation)

Types of DATA (observations)

Quantitative Examples Qualitative Examples

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 NUMBERS

seven

•Colors!!!!! •SMELLs!!!! •TEXTURE!!! (rough, smooth…)•Taste (strong, sour…)•Sounds

• Use your senses!

Charts and Graphs