Microwave Observations of Microwave Observations of the Atmosphere at Merida, the Atmosphere at Merida, Venezuela Venezuela G. Hochschild G. Hochschild 1 , E. Diez y Riega , E. Diez y Riega 2 , S. Golchert , S. Golchert 3 , J. , J. Gross Gross 1 , , P. Hoffmann P. Hoffmann 2 , G. Kopp , G. Kopp 1 , K. Künzi , K. Künzi 3 , J. Notholt , J. Notholt 3 1 Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe 2 Universidad de los Andes, Merida, Venezuela 3 Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität Bremen The station on Pico The station on Pico Espejo Espejo MW radiometer and MW radiometer and results results H H 2 2 O radiometer O radiometer development development Extension of the Extension of the Outline: Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Transcript
Microwave Observations of the Microwave Observations of the Atmosphere at Merida, VenezuelaAtmosphere at Merida, Venezuela
G. HochschildG. Hochschild11, E. Diez y Riega, E. Diez y Riega22, S. Golchert, S. Golchert33, J. Gross, J. Gross11, , P. HoffmannP. Hoffmann22, G. Kopp, G. Kopp11, K. Künzi, K. Künzi33, J. Notholt, J. Notholt33
1Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe und Universität Karlsruhe
22Universidad de los Andes, Merida, Venezuela3Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität Bremen
The station on Pico EspejoThe station on Pico EspejoMW radiometer and resultsMW radiometer and resultsHH22O radiometer developmentO radiometer developmentExtension of the Merida stationExtension of the Merida station
Outline:
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Mérida
Geographical Location of MéridaGeographical Location of Mérida
Universität Karlsruhe (TH)Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Microwave Radiometers deployed Microwave Radiometers deployed on Pico Espejo on Pico Espejo
MIRA2:MIRA2: 268 – 280 GHz; 800 K268 – 280 GHz; 800 K– ClO, O3, HNO3, N2OClO, O3, HNO3, N2O– 1996 – 2001 Kiruna and Ny Alesund1996 – 2001 Kiruna and Ny Alesund– 2003 Zugspitze2003 Zugspitze– Since 2004 in long-therm operationSince 2004 in long-therm operation
WARAM2: 22,235 WARAM2: 22,235 ± 0,5 GHz; 400 K (IUP)± 0,5 GHz; 400 K (IUP)– H2O vap. in the stratosphereH2O vap. in the stratosphere– 2003 Zugspitze2003 Zugspitze– Operational since 2004Operational since 2004
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Brig
htne
ss [K
]
Frequency [GHz]0 100 200 300 400 500
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MIRA2O3
ClOHNO3
N2O
The Spectral Range 0-500 GHz as Seen From GroundThe Spectral Range 0-500 GHz as Seen From Ground
H2O + O2
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
WARAMH2O
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Estación Alejandro de Humboldt de Investigación Ambiental de Mérida
Pico Espejo, 8.58°N, 71.15°W, 4765 m asl Pico Bolivar
Ozone monitor
Weather station
GPS
DOAS
The MARS building at Pico EspejoThe MARS building at Pico Espejo
MIRA periscope
Weather station
PyranometerDOAS telescope
WebcamWindow WARAM 2
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Universität Karlsruhe (TH)Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
The MIRA2 Radiometer inside the MARS BuildingThe MIRA2 Radiometer inside the MARS Building
Universität Karlsruhe (TH)Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Tropospheric Transmission Between 31 March 2004 andTropospheric Transmission Between 31 March 2004 and08 May 2006 measured by MIRA 2 at Mérida08 May 2006 measured by MIRA 2 at Mérida
Universität Karlsruhe (TH)Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Ozone Between 27 May 2004 and 08 May 2006 Ozone Between 27 May 2004 and 08 May 2006 as Measured by MIRA 2 at Méridaas Measured by MIRA 2 at Mérida
Universität Karlsruhe (TH)Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Water Vapor Columns at Merida estimated from MIRA2 Water Vapor Columns at Merida estimated from MIRA2 measurements between 31 March 2004 and08 May 2006measurements between 31 March 2004 and08 May 2006
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700
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KASIMA MIRA TOMS (8.93°N, 79.55°W)
ozon
e co
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U]
day of the year 2004
Ozone Column Densities over Mérida in 2004 and 2005 as Ozone Column Densities over Mérida in 2004 and 2005 as modelled by KASIMA and measured by MIRA and TOMSmodelled by KASIMA and measured by MIRA and TOMS
Universität Karlsruhe (TH)Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
KASIMA data courtesy ofRoland Ruhnke et al.TOMS data courtesy of NASA
Universität Karlsruhe (TH)Forschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Gerhard Kopp, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe PEP Annual Meeting, 08.-09. June 2006, Karlsruhe
Diurnal Variation of Ozone in the Mesosphere on Diurnal Variation of Ozone in the Mesosphere on 26 January 2005 as Measured by MIRA 226 January 2005 as Measured by MIRA 2
HH22O Radiometer DevelopmentO Radiometer Development
MIRA5W: MIRA5W: 22.235 22.235 ± 0.5 GHz± 0.5 GHz Future alternative for WARAMFuture alternative for WARAM
HH22O vap. in stratosphere and mesosphereO vap. in stratosphere and mesosphere 250 K HEMT at 293 K250 K HEMT at 293 K Cold load cooled by refrigeratorCold load cooled by refrigerator Dewar restrictions demand a Q.O.Beam designDewar restrictions demand a Q.O.Beam design Spectra resolved by a digital FFT analyzer Spectra resolved by a digital FFT analyzer under constructionunder construction Test operation at Kiruna or ZugspitzeTest operation at Kiruna or Zugspitze Validation ???Validation ??? Hope for input from this workshopHope for input from this workshop
MIRA5W: HardwareMIRA5W: Hardware
Future extension of Future extension of the Merida-Stationthe Merida-Station
FTIR (Uni Bremen, AWI)FTIR (Uni Bremen, AWI) Mobile Aerosol Raman Lidar MARL (AWI)Mobile Aerosol Raman Lidar MARL (AWI) Sun-Photometer (AWI)Sun-Photometer (AWI) UV-A and -B Radiometer (AWI)UV-A and -B Radiometer (AWI) Biometer (UV-Dosimeter) (AWI)Biometer (UV-Dosimeter) (AWI) Weather station (AWI)Weather station (AWI) Telemetry for SondesTelemetry for Sondes
– Equipment based at Paramaribo, Suriname (5°N, 55°W) Equipment based at Paramaribo, Suriname (5°N, 55°W) since 9/2004since 9/2004
– Instruments installed in 3 containersInstruments installed in 3 containers– Import clearence still pendingImport clearence still pending
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
Lago Maracaibo
Sierra Nevada di Merida
Pico Espejo x
Llamo del Hato xMerida
Observatorio National Llamo del Hato, 8,79°N, 70,88°W, 3600m asl
AWIAWI
Pico Espejo
Centro de Investigaciones de Astronomía
„Francisco J. Duarte" (CIDA)
Projects and CollaborationsProjects and Collaborations Present:Present:
– PEP (PEP (Pole-Equator-Pole)Pole-Equator-Pole)– Virtual Institute– Virtual InstituteHelmholtz Association of German Research CentresHelmholtz Association of German Research Centres
– CAWSES (CCAWSES (Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth limate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System)System) DFG Priority ProgrammeDFG Priority Programme
Future:Future:– NDACCNDACC
Tropical stationTropical station– GAWGAW
Gerd Hochschild, IMK, Forschungszentrum und Universität Karlsruhe NDACC-H2O Workshop, 5.-7. July 2006, Bern
