Open Scholarship & Responsible Innovation

An Agenda for transformationalchange

IMAGES OF SCIENCE-SCIENCE MODES

1.KNOWLEDGE SHARING AND DISCOURSE(early 1900's arguments among geniuses')

2. COMPETITIVE SCIENCE: MONEY -VALUE DRIVEN (1990's onwards- notably biomedical fields)

3.OPEN COLLABORATION AND SHARING (2016- Open Science Framework)

2017: SCIENCE MODES ARE IN SERIOUS DISBALANCE

Knowledge Sharing and Discourse

Competitive Science vs Open Collaboration

Real-time Open Science saves Lives: Ebola and Zikka

!

Developing global norms for sharing data and results during public health emergencies

• WHO (2015) seeks a paradigm shift in the approach to information

sharing in emergencies, from one limited by embargoes set for

publication timelines, to open sharing using modern fit-for-purpose

pre-publication platforms. Researchers, journals and funders will

need to engage fully for this paradigm shift to occur

• Patents on natural genome sequences could be inhibitory for further

research and product development. Research entities should

exercise discretion in patenting and licensing genome-related

inventions so as not to inhibit product development and to ensure

appropriate benefit sharing.

• Journals should not penalize, and, indeed, should encourage or

mandate public sharing of relevant data

A general model for open access/ open source in early stage drug discovery

Public-PrivatePartnership

Public Domain Commercial

Tools & Basic KnowledgeNOVEL Proteins only!

• Structure• Chemistry• Antibodies• Screening• Cell Assays

Discovery and Exploration

• No patent• No restriction on use• Open access to tools and data.• Target identification &

validation

Drug Discovery and Development

Facilitated by access to increased amount of information in the public domain

- (re)Screening- Lead Optimisation- Pharmacology- Metabolism- Pharmacokinetics- Toxicology- Chemical development- Clinical development- Etc.

CREATIVE COMMONS PROPRIETARY

Don’t ignore the internal 'machinery' of science

Technical methodology

Verifica-tions

Negative results

Global Open Science as a remedy for

• "Productivity" paradox in Science

Reliability and Re-useability of Data: reproduceability of results

Efficiency

Open Science (vs) Resp Innovation

Good Science anywhere is good for Science everywhere":

• Credible Science:

-scientific integrity,codes of conduct

-open, reproduceable

Responsive Science:

-Open, networked collaborative Science: Responsive to societal challenges/Issue-mission oriented.

Responsible Science

-Anticipatory on impacts and outcomes

New institutions/extending :

Global Research Council:

New mandate for UNESCO?

• Good innovation anywhere, might be beneficial for many,

somewhere"

Credible Innovation:

-agreement on standards,

International agreement on codes of conduct/ethical

standards/

Responsive Innovation:

• 'Open' innovation, networked "knowledge coalitions

among diverse set of knowledge producers"

Responsible Innovation:

Joint tackling of Societal Challenges-"right outcomes of

R&I"

Mutual responsiveness, shared commitments

Innovation vs. Responsible Innovation

MARKET-BASED INNOVATION RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION

• State responsibility for risks

• Macro-economic assessment: 'infinite growth'

• steer less, inherently good

• 'the faster, the better'

• Technology-oriented R&D

• State responsibility for `right' impacts of R&I

• Economic and societal impact of 'knowledge'': 'sustained growth'

• responsive to basic needs, reflect basic values

• Innovation is 'managed'

• Issue-oriented R&I

From 'Responsible Development of Tech' towards 'Open Responsible Innovation'

Responsible Development Responsible Innovation Identification and management of

ethical, legal, and societal implications

Incorporation of safety evaluation of nanomaterial into the product life cycle and allocation of

Budgets for identification and study of risks

Identification of knowledge gaps and regulatory needs

Involvement of stakeholders and engagement in international dialogue

Key-tech focussed

Anticipatory Governance

Deliberative Governance: Early policy responsive and stakeholder commitment

Ethics of Co-Responsibility

Ethics as a driving force ('privacy by design' etc)

Mid-stream modulation

Driving innovation 'societal desirable ends'- Innovation partnerships

Societal objective focussed: whatever it takes as 'means': multitech-social innovation etc

What is Responsible Innovation?

• Responsible Research and Innovation is a transparent, interactive process by which societal actors and innovators become mutually responsive to each other with a view to the (ethical) acceptability, sustainability and societal desirability of the innovation process and its (marketable) outcomes and impacts

- Process and Product dimension

- Stakeholder commitment to socially desirable objectives

- Economic Paradigm: there is a market-defict; Regulation beyond state and market

Irresponsible Innovation

• Technology Push

• Policy Pull

• Neglectance of fundamental ethical/governance principles

• Lack of Foresight and Precaution

• Forgot to "shape" the technology

From pursuit of happiness to pursuit of sustainability

Give a man a fishand he has food for a day;

Teach a man to fishand he has food for a life-time

‘pursuit of happiness

Infinite rescources

Anybody has access to rescources

Privatisation & state –regulation

have demonstrated their limits: loss

of ‘meaning’ of souvereignity.

‘pursuit of ‘sustainability’

‘societal challenges’: innovation for

sustainability

Mission oriented research: providing the‘right’ impacts with open science.

• Address (global) societal challenge- chose a social objective not a technological objective, e.g.

• Stakeholder-innovation partners-committment on societalobjective, reflected in a commonly adopted research-innovationagenda

• Stakeholders should be a broad knowledge coalition of a diverse nature (academic, industry, civil society actors etc)

• Stakeholder should committ to open science: open data sharingprior to publishing among each other and preferably withextended open networks

Frugal Innovation: The 28 dollar foot

renevonschomberg.wordpress.com

On Responsible Innovation, open science and ethics:

please send me your comments!

Thanks for your attention