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THE ROYAL COMMISSION ON TUBERCULOSIS.-Mr. Shaw-Lefevre had a private interview at the House ofCommons with the National Federation of Batchers andothers on Tuesday night last with reference to the report ofthe Commission. Mr. Field, M.P., introduced the deputa-tion, and urged the importance of having the report of theCommission issued at once. Mr. Shaw-Lefevre said that hewas anxious to have the report published. but the delay hadarisen from the death of Lord Basing. The secretary of theCommission reported that the greater portion was in type.

BIRMINGHAM GENERAL HOSPITAL.-The annualmeeting of the governors of this hospital was held on

March 20th. Mr. William Kenrick, M.P., who presided, saidthat it was the 115th annual report which was before themeeting, and that the progress made during a century wouldappear from the fact that the building was at the time of itserection " outside the village of Birmingham, being generallydescribed as near Sutton Coldfield." The original numberof beds was only 37 ; at present there are 270, andthe premises now in course of construction will accommo-date 340 patients. During 1894 there were 4336 in-patientsand 49,835 out-patients, the average length of residence ofthe in-patients being twenty-four days; at the Jaffray BranchHospital 237 patients were admitted.THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY.-The annual meetirg

of this society was held in Burlington House on Wednesdayafternoon last, Professor Arrr:rong presiding. The FaradayMedal was bestowed by the council upon Lord Rayleigh inrecognition of his services to physics generally and of thediscovery of argon. Lord Rayleigh, in returning thanks forthe honour that bad been done him, made a graceful allusionto the prominent share in the discovery enjoyed by ProfessorRamsay. Professor Ramsay contributed the sensation of themeeting by announcing the discovery of helium, a discoveryupon which we comment in another column. The annualdinner of the society was held on the same evening in theWhitehall Rooms of the Hotel Metropole, when the companyhad the pleasure of listening to a brilliant speech fromMr. A. J. Balfour.

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE HOSPITAL.-The annualmeeting of the governors of this hospital was held in theboard-room on March 22nd, Mr. Henry Lucas presiding.During 1894 there were 3035 in-patients, the average dailynumber resident being 181, and the average duration of staybeing 213/4 days. The expenditure had exceeded the incomeby about 1000, and funds are urgently needed. Last year’sfestival dinner resulted in contributions amounting to about4850, and the award of the Hospital Sunday Fund was .E1288.Mrs. Nathaniel Montefiore had endowed a bed by a donationof .62000, and friends of the late Professor Marcus Beck,surgeon to the hospital, had partially endowed another. The

arrangements for the rebuilding of the hospital were pro-gressing satisfactorily, and the efforts of the medical and

surgical staff had been successful in raising about £3000 forthe building fund.MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF GREAT

BRITAIN AND IRELAND.-A meeting of the Scottish Divisionof this association was held in the Hall of the Faculty ofPhysicians and Sargeons, Glasgow, on March 14th. Afterthe preliminary business had been transacted a resolutionexpressing the sense of the great loss which the associationhas sustained in the death of Dr. Hack Tuke was submittedby Dr. Ireland and unanimously adopted. Dr. G. M.Robertson read a paper, Sane or Insane? ", which wasfollowed by considerable discussion ; and Dr. Tarnbullshowed the plans of an addition, in the shape of a "hospitalblock, " which has recently been made to the Fife and KinrossDistrict Asylum.-A meeting of the South-Western Divisionof the association will be held at the City Asylum, Fishponds,Bristol, on Thursday next, April 4th, at 2 30 P.M. The

City Asylum is half-an-hour’s drive from Bristol and onemile from Fishponds Station. Dr. H. Bristowe will contributea further note on the Relationship between General Paralysisand Chronic Renal Disease. Dr. J. V. Blachford will readnotes on a case of Ataxic Insanity. Dr. Law Wade willmove the following resolution and initiate a discussionthereon: " That it is desirable that power be given to thevisiting committees of asylums and hospitals for the insaneto grant gratuities to the widows or orphans of officials whomay die after long service or be fatally injured in the dis-charge of their duties."

THE HOSPITALS FOOTBALL CHALLENGE CUPS.-On Monday last the final ties were played in these challengecompetitions under both rules. St. Bartholomew’s com-

peted with Guy’s under the Association code, and came

off victorious by one goal to nothing. St. Thomas’s metSt. George’s in the final tie under Rugby Union rules andsecured a substantial victory by three goals and three tries tonothing.THE one hundred and fifty-ninth annual meet-

ing of the governors of the Bristol Royal Infirmary was heldon Tuesday last The report showed that 1000 more patientshad been treated in 1894 than in 1893, whilst the cost per bedhad sensibly decreased. The resignation of Dr. Shekleton ofthe secretaryship to the institution, on the ground of failinghealth, was accepted with the greatest regret by the meeting,the words of commendation which Mr. C. D. Cave, thepre.sident of the hospital, bestowed upon Dr. Shekleton’s workbeing received with general applause.HOSPITAL SATURDAY FUND.-The annual meet-

ing of this fund was held at the Mansion House on the 23rdinst. Mr. Reginald B. D. Acland, who, in the absence of theLord Mayor, presided, stated that E17,609 had been dis.tributed among London medical charities during the pastyear. The street collection had again fallen off, but theworkshop collection showed an increase, the former amountingto only £4820, while the latter had reached the sum of £14,614,nearly the whole of which was contributed in pennies. Oathe motion of Canon Scott Holland a resolution approving ofthe principle of soliciting weekly subscriptions from workingmen was agreed to. The street collection for 1895 was fixedfor July 13th. For our part we should be glad to know thatthe street collection was to be abandoned. It is not pleasantto see ladies touting for money in the streets, even in thedivine cause of charity, and it affords an example of whichother less worthy institutions are too apt to take advantage.The " man in the street " is notoriously wanting in discrimi-nation in such matters.

BRITISH ORTHOPÆDIC SOCIETY.-A meeting orthis society was held on Jan. 31st. There were about

twenty members present. Mr. Ewens of Bristol was votedinto the chair and made a few introductory remarks,Mr. Muirhead Little then showed a case of inveterate TalipesEq itino-varas in both feet successfully treated by removal ofwedges of bone from the astragalus and os edicts. Messrs.KeetJey, Reeves, Noble Smith, Brodhurst, Walsham, Freer,and Ewens discussed the case and Mr. Little replied.Mr. To 1Jby presented a case of Ccntracted Elbow, Wrist, andFingers due to pressure on the median nerve by scar tissue.The nerve was freed by operation and the flexortendonsof thewrist were subi-eqaently divided, with complete restoration ofthe functions of the hand. Messrs. Keetley, D’Aicy Power,Reevea, and Walsharn dh cussed the case and Mr. Tabbyreplied. Mr. Luke Freer brought forward a specimen, theamputated left leg of a case of congenital Talipes Varus due todeficiency of the left tibia,. A paper was read by Mr. Keetleyon the Causes of Rotation in Scoliosis. An animateddiscussion followed. The society adjourned after arrangingfor the next meeting at Liverpool in May.

Parliamentary Intelligence.NOTES ON CURRENT TOPICS.

The Shops Early Closing Bill.THE Select Committee appointed by the House of Commons to

inquire into the subject of this Bill is now engaged examining witnesses.Apart from the adjustment of details the only point at issue seems to bewhether further trial should be given to voluntary effort in the matterof early closing, or whether the time has now arrived for the inter-ferencc of the Legislature. So far the evidence taken tends to the,latter conclusion and is consequently in favour of the Bill.

Acconaneodletion for the Insane in Dublin.In the House of Lor(ls on Monday, March 25th, a question was put to

the Government with reference to the Richmond Asylum in Dublin,and Lord Ribblesdale, in the course of his reply, said that the ChiefPublic Health Officer of Dublin recently reported favourably on thehealthiness of the site of he Asylum. He found that some limitedportions of the soil had been contaminated by sewage in the vicinity ofold drains, but that he considered could be remedied. The inspectorsof lunatics had advised that, with certain alterations which were about

847

to be made, the Richmond Asylum could be continued with advantageas an institution for the care and treatment of the insane poor of the

City of Dublin. The Resident Medical Superintendent had stated thatin his opinion the site was not a suitable one for an asylum. Much had,however, been done to improve it, by the execution of a complete systemof drainage and the purchase of some additional land and alterations,and additions were now in contemplation for the improvement of thebuildings.buildhigs.

Reformatory and Indnstrial Schools.The Government have introduced into the House of Commons a Bill

for enabling children to be sent from the Channel Islands to refor-matory or industrial schools in Great Britain. In this connexion it

maybe added that the Government intend to appoint a committee toinquire into the whole question of the managemcnt of reformatory andndustrial schools.

Imbecile and Epileptic Children in Workhouses.Early in February a motion was made by Sir Walter Foster for It

return showing the number on Sept. lst, 1894, of imbecile and epilept ie,children under sixteen years of age in each workhouse, separate infir-mary, school, or other similar establishment belonging to the guardiansof unions in England and Wales (excluding the metropolis), distin-

gnisliing the number of such children who were of dirty habits andthe number who would, in the opinion of the medical officer,be likely to be improved by special training. This return has

been prepared and is now before Parliament. It is prefacedwith a summary note which explains that there are 61s8 extra-

metropolitan unions in England and Wales, that the particulars inthe return are drawn from 175 unions, and that the remainder of theunions have no such children in their workhouses. The number ofchildren who were imbecile only was 294 (male 174, female 120), thenumber epileptic only was 93 (male 55, female 38), and the numberboth imbecile and epileptic was 98 (male 52, female 46): total, 485(mie 281, female 204). The number of these children of dirty habitswas 229 (male 142, female 87), and the number who, in the opinion ofthe medical officer, would be likely to be improved by special trainingwas 178 (male 95, female 83).

HOUSE OF COMMONS.

THURSDAY, MARCH 21ST.Potato Disease.

Mr, John Morley, answering a question put by Mr. W. Johnston, ,aidthat field experiments for testing the value of applications of coppersulphate and lime to the potato plant as a preventive of potato diseasewerecarried out by the Agricultural Department of the Irish Land Com-mission in 1891,1892, and 1893. The results obtained from the experi-ments conducted in 1892 and 1893 proved conclusively that a properapplication of the mixture used was of great value as a preventive. Itwas not therefore considered necessary to continue the field experimentsin 1894, but field demonstrations were given in a small district of thecounties of Derry and Antrim, the same mixture being used.

The Accommodation for Members.Mr. Cremer asked the First Commissioner of Works w hether, in view of

the evidence laid before the Committee on the Accommodation of theHouse of Commons during last session, he would endeavour to makearrangements for increasing the accommodation for members.-Mr.Herbert Gladstone replied that he was afraid lie could not give thisundertaking.-Mr. Cremer then asked whether he would consider a pro-posal to reappoint the Committee, and to this Mr. Gladstone repliedthat no practical advantagewould come from the reappointment of theCommittee.

FRIDAY, MARCH 22XD.The Vaccination Commission.

Mr. Hopwood asked the Parliamentary Secretary to the LocalGovernment Board why neither Sir George Buchanan nor Dr. Ballard,formerly chief medical officer and medical inspector of the LocalGovernment Board, offered themselves for examination in defence ofvaccination before the Royal Commission, whether both suffered fromindisposition when their attendance was required, and whether,seeing that Sir George Buchanan had since recovered sufficientlyto undertake the chairmanship of the Royal Commission on Tuber-culosis, there was any obstacle present to prevent either of those gentle-men from being examined if the Hoyal Commission on Vac-cination desired it. - Sir Walter Foster replied that it was

aot the practice of officers of the Local Government Board to offerthemselves for examination before a Royal Commission. Some inquirywas made as to the attendance of Sir George Buchanan and Dr. Ballardbefore the Royal Commission on Vaccination, and it was the fact thatboth these gentlemen were then prevented by indisposition fromattending. He regretted to state that Sir George Buchanan was stillont of health, and on this account he undertook the chairmanship ofthe Royal Commission on Tuberculosis with great reluctance.

MONDAY, MARCH 25TH.Pleuro-Pneumonia.

In answer to a question Mr. Herbert Gardner, President of the Boardoi Agriculture, said that a veterinary inspector had no power to orderslaughter either in pleuro-pneumonia or glanders. In pleuro-pneumoniathe power to slaughter rested absolutely with the Board of Agriculturethe compensation paid where the auimal was not diseased being itffalue immediately before it was slaughtered. In glanders the power tcslaughter rested with the local authority.

Substitutes for Butter.Mr. W. O’BriEn asked the Chief Secretary to the Lord-Lieutenant oi

Ireland whether he had yEt come to any conclusion as to the introduction of a till this session for remedying the defects of the existing lawfor the detecticn of fraudulent substitutes for butter. Mr. John lvlorle3in reply, said he was well aware of the importance of this matter, but

at the present, moment there was a committee at work with regard toit, and immediately upon the receipt of the committee’s report thequestion of amending legislation would be carefully considered.

Female Factory Inspectors.Mr. Asquith, replying to a question on this subject by Mr. Sexton,

said there were now four female inspectors of factories. They were notassigned to any particular locality, but travelled to every part of theUnited Kingdom where their services were required. Notices wereexhibited in all factories and workshops in Ireland where women wereemployed stating that complaints might be sent to the female inspec-tors, and all such complaints were promptly inquired into by one of thefemale inspectors. With the staff and resources which were at presentat his disposal he thought that the female inspectors were more usefullyemployed in peripatetic visits than if they were stationed in particulardistricts.

TUESDAY, MARCH 26TH.The New Factory Legislation.

Mr. Asquith answered a question put by Mr. Woods with reference towoolsorters and the Bill of the Government amending and extendingthe Factory and Workshops Act. He said that an amendment would beproposed by the Government when the Bill was in committee to extendto their workshops the power given to the Secretary of State bySection 8 of the Act of 1891 to make special rules for industriescertified to he dangerous or injurious. An inquiry, he added, hadfor some time been in process by the Factory Department into certainindustries which involve the risk of injury to the persons employed,among them being woolsorting, where there was a possibility thatanthrax might be contracted, and this inquiry was nearly completed.On its completion the question where special rules were desirable forthe occupation of woolsorting would be considered.

WEDNESDAY, MARCH 27TH.Better Houses for Farva Servants in Scotland.

The House engaged in a debate of some length on the motion madeby Mr. Seymour Keay for the second reading of a Bill to provide for thebetter housing of farm servants in Scotland. The special object of theBill, as Mr. Seymour Keay explained, is to strike at abuses in con-nexion with what is known in Scotland as the " bothy system." Itpro-vides that every building on a farm used as a dwelling or sleepingplace for farm servants shall be provided with siifficic-iit and suit-able accommodation in the way of cubic contents, fireplaces,sanitary arrangements, and 1ixtures, having regard to the numberof inmates. It also provides that when persons of both sexes

inhabit the same bothy" there shall be proper separate accom-

modation for each sex. Power is given to the local authority to makeand enforce by-laws and, when its medical oflicer of health reports thatthe provisions of the Act’are not complied with, to order the landlord ofthe premises to make such alterations and additions as may be requiredto give sufficient suitable and proper accommodation. Objection wastaken to the Bill on the ground of its limited application, one memberdescribing it as " a scrap of piecemeal legislation." Dr. Farquharsonstrongly supported the Bill and predicted that the local authorities inScotland would carry out its provisions with prudence and discretion.In the end the Bill was read a second time.

IX COMMITTEE.

Food Products Adulteration.

A Defence of Margarine.The Select Committee of the House of Commons on this subject

resumed jits inquiry on Tuesday, March 26th, Sir Walter Foster pre-siding.Mr. Hickey, a wholesale butter merchant in Manchester and a repre

sentatin of the Chamber of Commerce of that city, gave evidence ingreat detail as to the presence of water in butter. The trade in Man-chester, he said, had given this matter the most careful attention andtaken great pains to acquire information with regard to it, and hadcome to the conclusion that any standard under 20 per cent. wouldlie unfair to the producer of Irish salt butter. The result of overwork-ing butter in order to get the water out of it was to make italtogether unsaleable. An analysis of 350 samples of Irish saltbutter taken in 1893 sliowed that 80 per cent. of them con-

tained above 15 per cent. of moisture. If they established a 15 percent. standard they would shut out 36 per cent. of Danish butter, 22 percent. of English butter, and 50 or 60 per cent. of Irish salt butter. ThisIrisn salt butter was scarcely sold in London, the great markets for itbeing Lancashire, Yorkshire, and Wales. As to margarine, the witnesssaid he would prohibit colouring, because the object of colouring was to

. facilitate fraud. He admitted that according to the present law a man

. mixing 50 per cent. of butter with margarine must call it margarine,which it was not. It was only because mixtures conduced to fraud that

he would prohibit them. He did not think that anymethod of labelingwould be a sufficient protection against fraud. The great grievance the’ trade had was that the present law was not stringently administered-that, in fact, it had hopelessly broken down.; Mr. J. J. Thompson, another Manchester butter merchant, examinedL by the Chairman, said lie imported margarine, most of it coming fromHolland, and all of it being marked "margarine." He considered mar-

garine and mixtures of margarine and butter most useful as articles offood. They were quite wholesome, and there was little difference betwcenthem and butter in the matter of nutrition. He could quote no scien-tific authority in support of this-it was merely his own opinion.He regarded margarine as quite as legitimate an article of commerce

i as butter, and to interfere with its pale would be wrong and veryinjurious. He did not think the working classes were defrauded,

because they bought margin ine for its value, which was lower thanthe price of butter. It was true that margarine came into competition

with the cheap butters now sent from the colonies; that might beinjurious to the butter ’makers, but not to the public. Whether he

preferred a pound of New Zealand butter to a pound of margarinemixture would depend on the quality of the former, because it oftenwent stale and was very inferior to the latter. In Lancashire mar-

E garine would sell in preference to all except the very finest qualityof Australian butter. Q. Margarine is largely sold, is it not, to public

institutions?-A. Yes; but always under the name of margarine. Q. Andr suppliud to the inmates as butter?-4. Yes, that is so. Margarine was, packed in shapes and sizes in accordance with the desire of the

848

customer and to suit the requirements of the district. Ile didnot think that any interference with the shapes or makes ofmargarine mixtures would tend to diminish fraud upon the public,but he was sure that if the present law were properly enforcedit would prevent fraud. He would not object to travelling inspectorsgoing about to see that the Act was carried out and that local autho-rities did their duty. He did not know of any adulterated buttercoming into the country now. People were afraid now because of theaction taken here and in foreign countries. In his opinion all thebutter now received in this country was pure butter and contained nopercentage whatsoever of margarine. He made this statement in spiteof the assertion that Brittany butter was sold cheaper here than in thecountry where it was made. Prosecutions, in his opinion, should betaken under the Margarine Act and not under the Sale of Food andDrugs Act. To license dealers in margarine would do no good becausealmost every retailer sold margarine nowadays. The public knew this,and a licence would tell them no more. There could not be a doubt thatthe introduction of these cheap Colonial butters had reduced the priceof margarine very much.By Sir Charles Cameron: One advantage possessed by margarine was

that it contained much less water than butter. For instance, he hadnever heard of margarine that contained 15 per cent. of water, althoughthis seemed to be common in the case of butter. He would not interferewith the colouring of margarine any more than of butter, and hethought that it would be an injustice to the work ing classes to say thatthey must take their margarine white. Another thing he wishedwas that butter mixtures should be permitted to be sold as such, andnot branded " margarine."By Mr. Whiteley: The people of Lancashire were very shrewd, and

knew perfectly well that if they went into a shop and asked for butterat 6d. or 8d. per pound, they could not get genuine English freshbutter, no matter how the retailer might describe the article he offered.Some New Zealand butter could be sold at 6d. per pound, and he hadno hesitation in saying that margarine at the same price would befound infinitely superior to it.The Committee then adjourned.The Committee met again on Wednesday, March 27tli, with Sir

Walter Foster in the chair.Mr. James Hudson, engaged in the butter and provision trade in

London, and a member of the London Chamber of Commerce, said he ’’was not opposed to the sale of margarine as such, but he objected to themixing of margarine and butter, because it was the cause of all thefraud and did a great deal of injury to butter makers in this country. IVery large quantities of butter were coming here from our colonies at a I

very small price, and he believed that this new trade would interfere ’,for a time at least with the sale of margarine. The colonial butter didnot contain so much water as Irish butter and up to the present Ihad proved good and sound and free from any trace of margarine.The large profits made by makers and retailers of spurious butterrendered them indifferent to the fines imposed on conviction. Hewould therefore increase the ti,’les and send offenders to gaol on thethird and subsequent convictions. Great quantities of margarine weresold in all the towns of Scotland, but especially in Edinburgh andGlasgow. He could only account for this by the Scotch people notcaring to pay ls. per lb. for butter when they could get margarine athalf toat price, which satisfied them. He should say that the margarinesold in Scotland contained no more butter than what came from themilk used in the process of manufacture. He recommended thatbutter and margarine should not be sold in the same shop, that alldealers in the latter should be licensed, and that they should be com-pelled to sell it in a particular shape and with a particular package. Hewas in favour of having margarine coloured, because in its natural colourit would look nasty and would be unsaleable. He also recommendedthe appointment of travelling inspectors. Ile had no hesitation in

saying that many of the inspectors under the present Act were"squared." Cases were known where inspectors went into a shop and,on asking for a pound of margarine, were either supplied with freshbutter, wnich had cost, perhaps, 1s. 4d., or had found half a sovereignin the scales. He favoured the prohihition of mixtures, thinking thatmargarine was quite good enough to be sold upon its merits.Mr. Harald Faber, Commissioner for the Agricultural Department of

the Danish Government, said his duties in this country were to lookafter the interests of the agricultural products of Denmark. Fromtime to time he received information from different parts of thecountry as to the sale of other butter and butter substitutes under thename of Danish butter, and he made inquiry into the circumstances ofeach case. He also kept under his observation improvements effectedin this country and elsewhere in the making of butter and other farmproducts. The law of Denmark required that margarine should alwaysbe kept in certain shaped packages marked in a certain way. This pro-vision was found most effective for its purpose of preventing imposition.They had inspectors appointed with no other duty than to look after theadministration of the Margarine Acts, who inspected butter and mar-garine where they were manufactured, or kept for sale, or stored. Allthe expense was borne by the Central Government, not by the localauthorities. They put a limit upon mixtures. By Act it was prohibitedto add more than 50 per cent. of butter fat, but on account of the coloursection of the Act it was impossible to have as much butter as 50 percent. in the mixture. This section provided that the colour of mar-garine must not exceed a certain yellow tint, and if more than 20 percent., or even 20 per cent., of butter was added the mixture woulclexceed in colour that pale tint. Therefore, as matter of practice,they never had more than say 25 per cent. of butter in the mix-tures. It might be that certain conditions of weather bafliedthe colour test, but there were other tests that could be ap-plied. The witness showed to the Committee a number ofcolour-plates used for this test. He admitted that it was a delicateand difficult test, but in Denmark, he said, the margarine inspectorsperformed it so well that they were agreed among themselves and pro-duced excellent results with it. The penalties in Denmark for theminor offences ranged from L2 10.’.’. to :K10, while for the more seriousoffences imprisonment was awarded. From the experience of Denmarkand what he had seen in this country he had no hesitation in sayingthat even high fines were not sufficient to put down fraud altogether.His view with regard to mixtures was that they should be prohibitedby law, because they gave rise to unfair competition and swindling,He also thought that in this country, as in Denmark, margarine shouldbe sold in a particular shape and with a particular mark upon it.The Committee then adjourned for a week.

BOOKS ETC. RECEIVED.

ADLART) & SON, Bartholomew-close, London, E.C.King’s College Hospital Reports. Vol. i. (Oct. Lt, 1893-Sept. 30th,

1894). 1895. Price 7s. 6d.

ALCAN, FÉLIX. Paris.Rapport ft Mémoires sur 1’Edncation des Enfants Normaux etAnormaux. Par E. Seguin. 1895. pp. 376.

BAILLIÈRE, J. B. NT FII,S, Paris.La Pratique de la Sérothèrapie et les Nouveaux Traitements de laDiphterie. Par le Dr. H. Gillet. 1895. pp. 293.

CIIeTUO & WtNDPS, Piccadilly, London.The Golden Butterfly. By W. Besant and James Rice. A New

Edition. 1895. pp. 175. Price 6d.GRIFFIN, CHAS., & Co., Exeter-street, Strand, London.

Infancy and Infant Rearing: an Introductory Manual. By JohnB. Hellier. M.D. Lond.. Al.1t.C.S. 1895. pp. 121.

A Handbook of Hygiene. By A. M. Davies, M.R.C.S., D.P.H.Camb.Illustrated. 1895. pp.590.

LEWIS, H. li., Gower-street, London, W.C.Text-book of Diseases of the Kidneys and Urinary Organs. By

Professor Dr. Paul Furbringer. Translated from the German withAnnotations by W. H. Gilbert, M.D., with Commendatory Letterfrom Sir Thos. G. Stewart, M.D., F.R.S.E. In two volumes.Vol.. 1895. Price 7s. 6d.

LIPPINCOTT, J. B., & Co., Henrietta-street, Covent-garden, London.International Clinics. Vol. iv. Fourth Series. 1895. pp.365.

MASSON, G., Paris.Lecons de Chirurgie (La Pitie, 1893-94). Par le Dr. Felix Lejars

1895. pp, 629.MOR’roN, G., Burgate-street, Canterbury.

An Anatomical Dissertation upon the Movement of the Heart andBlood in Animals: being a Statement of the Discovery of theCirculation of the Blood. By William Harvey, M.D. Privatelyreproduced in facsimile from the Original Edition printed in theyear 1628. 1894.

OBSTETRICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, 20, Hanover-square, London, W,Transactions of the Obstetrical Society of London. Vol. xxxvi. forthe year 1894. Part 4 for October, November, and December.Price 10s.

REBMAN, F. J., Adam-street, Strand, London, W.C.Surgical Pathology and Therapeutics. By J. C. Warren, M,D,

Illustrated. 1895. pp. 832.Notes on the Newer Remedies : their Therapeutic Applications and

, Modes of Administration. By David Cerna, M.D., Ph.D, SecondEdition. 1895. pp.253.

’

Laboratory Guide for the Bacteriologist. By L. Frothingham,VI.D. &c. Illustrated. 1895.

Syllahus of Gynecology based on the American Text-book ofGynecology. By J. W. Long, M.D. 1895. pp. 133.

ROXBl’RGHE PRESS, Victoria-street, Westminster.The Money Lender Unmasked. By Thos. Farrow. pip. 240.

ST. BRII)I,.’S PRESS, Bride-lane, Fleet-street, London, E.C.Drainage Work and Sanitary Fittings. By William H. Maxwell

Reprint. 1895. Price ls. net.

SMITH, ELDER, & Co., Waterloo-place, London.Dictionary of National Biography. Edited by:Sidney Lee. YoLxIii.O’Duinn-Owen. 1895. pp. 464.

SWAN SONNENSCHEIN & Co., London.A Handbook of Systematic Botany. By Dr. E. Warming. With aRevision of the Fungi by Dr. E. Knoblauch. Translated andEdited by M. C. Potter, M.A., F.L.S. Illustrated. 1895. pp.620.Price 15s.

TUTTLE, MOREHOUSE, & TAYLOR, New Haven, Conn.On Digestive Proteolysis : being the Cartwright Lectures for 1894,By li. H. Chittenden, Ph.D., Yale University. 1895. pp. 137.

WHITTAKER & Co., London.Dissections Illustrated: a Graphic Handbook for Students ofHuman Anatomy. By C. G. Brodie, F.R.C.S. Part 4: TheAbdomen. Illustrated. 1895. Price lOs.

Hoematherapy, or the Treatment of Diseases by the Administration ofAnimal Blood, with references to Electrotherapy ; byG. AdolphAbrath;1895 (" Herald and Daily Post" General Printing Works, Sunder-land); price 5s.-The Royal Natural History, vol. iii., Part 11(F. Warne and Co., Bedford-street. Strand, London’; price 1s. net.-The Reorganisation of the Royal Engineers, 1895; Colburn’s UnitedService Magazine.-Extrait de La Flandre Médicale (LibrairieGénérale de Ad.Hoste; Gand, 1894) -Die Bewegungsstorungen imKelilkopfe bei Hysterischen; von Dr. med. Gustav Treupel (GustavFischer, Jena, 1895).-Archiv fiir Dermatologie und Syphilis;30. Band, 3. Heft (W. Braumiiller, Wien und Leipzig, 1895),-The Outbreak of Typhoid Fever at Wesleyan University; byH,W,Conn. Professor of Biology, Middletown, Conn. (from the Report oft.lie State Board of Health for 1894).-Perforating Typhoid Uleer,Peritonitis, Operation, Recovery; by R. Abbe, M.D., New York(reprint from the Medical Record, January, 1895).-IllustratedModern Art and Literature, vol. i., No. 5 (published at 68, Fl2zt-street, London) ; price Is.-The Precedent Cause of Rickets; byDr. Robert J. Lee, F.R.C.P. ; 1889 (T. W. Danks and Co., Dean.street,Soho-square, London, W.).-La Distomatose Pulmonaire par hDouve du Foie ; contribution a 1’etude des Hemoptysies parasitairespar Hilano de Gouvea, Paris (L Battaille et Cie, Paris 1895),-DiePraxis des Chemikers ; von Dr. Fritz Etmer; Lieferungeni 2 2, und 3’(Leopold Voss, Hamburg und Leipzig, 1895).-The Dentist’s Register’.1895 (bpottiswoode and Co., London).-Dermatologie’ Dematoics

849

microbiennes et Neoplasies; par L. Brocq et L. Jacquet; Maladies t’nparticulier, II. (G. Masson, Paris).-Some Itemarks on the Treatment,of Diphtheria by Mercurial Salts; by P. B. Bennie, M.A., M.D.;reprint (Stillwell and Co., Melbourne, Auatralia).-Beiträge xur

Pathologie und Therapie der (aallensteittlcrankheit ; von Dr. J. Kraus,sen., Karlsbad; zweite Auflage (August Hirschwald, Berlin, 1895).-De la Pubert4 dans I’Hémlplégie spasmoflique infantile ; par le Dr. H.Leblais (F. Alean, Paris, 1895).-Die Entstehungsweise der ver-schiedenen Formen von Peritonitis; von K. Biesalski (August Hirsch-waldo Berlin. 1895).-The Practical Examination of Railway Em-ptoyesas to Colour-blindness, Acuteness of Vision, and Hearing; byWilliam Thomson, M.D., Philadelphia (Queen and Co., Chestnut-street, Philadelpbia).-A New Wool-test for the Detection of Colour-blindness ; by W. Thomson, M.D., Philadelphia, 1894 (Queen andCo., Philadelphia).-Magazines for April : Englishwoman, Pall MallMagazine, Sunday at Home, Leisure Hour, Boy’s Own Paper, Girl’sOwn Paper, English Illustrated, Strand, Friendly Greetings, TheLondon Itoine,

Appointments .Seccesaful applicants for Vacancies, Secretaries of Public Institutions,and others possessing information suitable for this column, are

invited to forward it to THE LANCET Office, directed to the Sub-Editor, not later than 9 o’clock on the Thur8da’V morning of eachweek, for publication in the next number.

:lt.Exartnatt, S. R., M.D. Lond., M.R.C.S., has been appointed MedicalOfficer for the Firkt Sanitary District of the Faversham Union.

BROOKS, CHAS., L.R.C.P.Lond., M.R.C.S., has been appointed MedicalOfficer for the Gerrard’s Cross Sanitary District of the Eton Union.

BROMET, EDWARD, ILA., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., has been appointedHouse Surgeon to the West London Hospital, Hammersmith, W.

COLWELL, J. K., has been appointed Public Analyst by the CierkenwellVestry.

CL’TFimD, A., B.Sc. Lond., M.R.C.S., has been appointed Medical Officrfor the Man of Ross Lodge of Oddfellows, Manchester Unity, viceKnapp, resigned.

DRAGE, LOVELL, M.D. Oxon., B.Ch., M.R.C.S., has been reappointedMedical Officer of Health for the Hatfield Rural Sanitary District.

FLAVIN, F. J., L.R.C.P., L.It.C.S.Edin., L.F.P.S. Glasg., has beenappointed Medical Officer for the Seventh Sanitary District of theAshtan-under-Lyne Union, vice Kishys.

GAULT, EDWARD LtsUE, M.A., M.B., B.S. Melb., has been appointedOphthalmic Surgeon to the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne.

HARSTON, L. na C. E., L.R C.P., L.M. Edin., M.RC.S., has beenappointed Medical Officer for the Pirbright Sanitary District of theGuildford Union, vice Brown, resigned.

IsGt,ts,A. M.,M.D. Edin., L.R.C.S. Edin., M.R.C.S., has been appointedConsulting Physician to the Cheltenham General Hospital.

LORIMER, J. A, L.R.C.P.Lond., M.R.C.S., has been reappointedMedical Officer of Health for the Farnham Rural Sanitary District.

MITCHELL, R., M.D., M.Ch. Irel., has been appointed Medical Officerfor the Hooton Pagnell Sanitary District of the Doncaster Union.

MURDOCH, MARY C., L.R.C.P., L.R.C.S.Ed.. L.F.P.S G., has been

appointed Assistant Medical Officer to the North-Eastern FeverHospital, Tottenham.

heiT. OWEN T., M.B., B.C. Cantab., has been appointed ResidentMedical Officer to the St. George’s and St. James’s Dispensary. W.

PALMER, EDWIN C., M.B., B.C. 6amb., L.R.C.P. Lond., M.R.C.S., liasbeen appointed Surgeon to the Lincoln General Dispensary, viceDalton, resigned.

RUSSELL, W. A. G., M.B., C.M.Aberd., has been appointed MedicalOfficer for the Wingage Sanitary District of the Easington Union.

SHAW, CECIL EDWARD, M.A.. M.D., M.Ch. R.U.I., has been appointedAssistant Surgeon to the Belfast Ophthalmic Hospital.

STILL, GEo. F., M.A.. M.B.Cantab., has been appointed MedicalRegistrar and Pathologbt to the Hospital for Sick Children, GreatOrmond-street, Bloomsburv, London.

SvCttt,mG, C. W., M.D.Lond., lVLk.C.P., M R.C.S., has been reappointedConsulting Physician to the Hockley Provident Dispensary.

TAIT, Lawsor,, M.D.N.Y., F.R.C.S.Edin., F.R.C.S.Eng., has beenappointed Consulting Surgeon to the Hockley Provident Dis-

pensary.TAYNTON, W., L.R.C.P.Edin., M.R.C.S., has been appointed Medical

Officer for the Linton Sanitary District and the Workhouse of theLinton Union.

WEBBER, W. W., L.R.C.P. Edin., M.R.C.S.. has been appointed MedicalOfficer of Health for the Crewkerne Urban Sanitary District.

Vacancies.For further information regarding each vacancy reference should I c

made to the adverti8enient (see Index).

BLOOMSBURY DISPENSARY.-Physician. An honorarium of :EI05 isannually voted to the physician. Applications to Mr. C. E. Baker,12, Bloomsbury-street, W.C.

COUNTY ASYLUM, Dorchester.- Second Assistant Medical Officer,unmarried. Salary to commence at :E130, rising :E1O annuallytoB160.. j

CouxTY ASYLUM, Rainhill, near Liverpool.-Assistant Medical Officer,unmarned. Salary to commence at £100 a year, with prospect ofan annual rise of 225 up to £200, and further increase according topromotion, together with furnished apartments, board, attendance,and washing. :

EAST LONDON HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN, Glamies-road, Shadwell, E - IHouse Physician. Board, lodging, &c. provided.

HOLHORN UNION.-Medical Officer for the Union Schools at Mitcham,Surrey. Salary £100 per annum, non-resident. Applications to,ihe Clerk: to the Gunr’tians. liulborn Guardians’ Office, Clerkenwell.-road, E.C.

HOLLOWAY Avn NORTH ISLINGTON DISPENSARY.-Two HonoraryMedical Oilicers for the Rupert-road Branch of the Institution.Applications to the Hon. Secretary, 68, Aldermanhurp, 14,.C.

LEICIESTERSHIRE AND RUTLAND ASYLUM.-Assistant Medical Officer,.unmarried. Salary :C150, increasing :CIO yearly to :C200, with hoard,lodging. and washing. Applications to the Clerk to the Visitors,10, New-st reet, Leicester.

LINCOLN COUNTY HOSPITAL., Lincoln.-House Surgeon, unmarriedSalary £100 per annum, with hoard, lodging, and washing.

LONDON COUNTY ASYLUM, Hanwell. W.-Fifth Assistant Medical Officer.Salary,e120 per anntun, rising by R5 a year to £150, with board,furnished apartments, and washing. Applications to Clerk of theAsylums Committee Office. 21, Whitehall-place. S.W.

MILLER HOSPITAL AN]) RoYAL KENT DispRxsARY, Greenwich-road,I S.E.-Junior Resident Medical Officer, for six months. Salary at.

the rate of :C30 per annum, with board, attendance, and washing.NATIONAL HOSPITAL FOR I)ISLtA9t,,’S OF THE HEART AND PARALYSIS,

32, Soho-square, London. Clinical Assistants for the Electrical’Department.

NORTH-EASTERN HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN, Hackney-road, Shoreditch,N.E. - Physician. Applications to the Secretary, Office, 27,.Clement’s-lane, E.C.

NORTHUMBERLAND COVNTY AsYLUM, Morpeth.-Clinical Assistant,Board and residence provided.

NoTTixuHAM GENERAL DISPENSARY.-Junior Assistant Resident.Surgeon, for six months. Salary at the rate of £120 per annumdwith rooms, fire, and light.

ROYAL HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN, Glasgow.-House Surgeon.Salary C60, with board and washing. Also Assistant House Surgeon.

, Salary :C30. with board and washiug.WEST RinxG ASYLUM, Menston. near Leeds.-Third Assistant Medical, Officer. Salary to commence at :C130 a year, rising £10 annually to.

£L60, witt board and apartments.

Births, Marriages, and Deaths.BIRTH S.

ADAMI.-On March 24th, at Durocher-street, Montreal. Canada, the-wife ot J. George Adami, M.A., M.D. Cantab., of a daughter.

BALL.-On ’March 26th. at Upper Wimpole-street, the wife nf Dr. J. B..Ball. of a daughter.

COLLINS -On March 23rd, at Waveney-mansions, Fairhazel-gardens,.South Ilampstead, the wife of E. Treacher Collins, F.R.C.S., of a.daul;limr.

COWEN.-On March 23rd, at Walpole Lodge, New Malden, Surrey, the-wife of George Cowen. M.D., of a daughter.

CUTCLIFFE.-ON March 20th, at North Tawton, North Devon, the wifeof Montagu Cutcliffe, L.R C.P.Lond., M.R C.S., of a daughter.

DIXEY.-On March 18th, at Oxford, the wife of Frederick A. DixeyvM.D., Fellow of Wadham College, of a son.

LANCASTER.-On March 8th, at Rockdale, Clitheroe, the wife of LewisT Lancaster, DLB. Edin., of a daughter.

MACKAY -On March 16th, at The Cloisters, Kllaresboro’, the wife ofIan D. Mackay, B.A., M.B.. of a daughter.

MORTON.-On March 21st, at Church-green-east, Itedditch, the wife ofFdnin Morton, M.D., of a son.

RAMSAY.-On March 24th, at Jesmond Dene, Bournemouth, the wife orF. Winsome Ramsay, M.S., F.R.C S. E., of a son.

MARRIAGES.CARTER-JUST.-On March 26tb, at Westbury-on-Trym, by the Rev.

S. Baker-Penoyre, Thomas Moravian Carter, M.It.C.S., L.R.C.P., toAdelbeid Clara, youngest daughter of H. W. Just, Esq.. Bristol.

SANDIFER-LEE.-On March 20th, at St. Augustine’s Church, High-bury, Henry Stephen Sandifer, M.D., F.R.C.S., son of the late-Jabez Sandifer, Esq., of Highbury-hill, to Evelyn, youngestdaughter of Henry Lee, Esq., J.P.,of Earlham, Highbury-quadrant-

DEATHS.CAREY.-On March 17th, at Hirzel House, Guernsey, Basil de Beauvoir-

Carey, M.A., M.B. Camb., aged 32.CHATER.-On Feb. 14th, at Hanuans, Western Australia, Arthur

Reginald Chater, M.R.C.S., aged 28.HILLER.-On March 22nd, at Beccles, Susan Hillier, widow of the late-

Thomas Hilher, M.D. Lond., F.R.C.P., Physician to the Hospitalfor Sick Childten and to University College Hospital, London, ofcardiac syncope in her sleep, aged 66.

JESSETT.-On March 23rd, at Glenthorne, The Avenue, Surbiton, theresidence of his sister, George I homas Lee. M.R.C.S., L.S.A., sonof Fred. Bowreman Jessett, F.R.C.S., aged 34. For eight yearssenior assistant medical officer of the Stafford County LunaticAsylum.

LEEDs.--On March 9th, suddenly, at the Europa Hotel, Gibraltar,Thomas Leeds, M.R.C.S.Eng., aged 55.

SMITH.—On March 20th, at 111, Blackfriars-road, S.E., Walter StephenSmith, L.S.A., aged 67 yeqrs, late of Sheffield.

STRUTHERS.—At Hill End, New South Wales, on Feb. 17th, JamesStruthers, M.D., aged 35 years, second son of Emeritus-ProfessorStruthers, M D., 24, Buckingham-terrace, Edinburgh.

TOWERS-SMITH.—On March 16th, at Harley-street, Cavendish-square.’

W, Towers-Smith, M.R.C S., aged 59.WICKHAM.-On March 13th, at Polmont, N.B., Walter Wickham,

M.R.C.S., Barrister-at-law, aged 38.

N.B.-A fee of 5s. is charged lor the Insertion of Notices of Births,Atarriagc8. and Death8.