Ricerca SviluppoFrancesco Sylos Labini

Centro Enrico Fermi &

Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, CNR

Presidential Address: What's So Special About Science And How Much Should We Spend on It?William H. Press (Science 15 November 2013)

Ricerca Sviluppo

Durante la crescita esponenziale, qualcosa di

prodotto deve essere stato un fattore di produzione ...

Presidential Address: What's So Special About Science And How Much Should We Spend on It?William H. Press (Science 15 November 2013)

Ricerca Sviluppo

Presidential Address: What's So Special About Science And How Much Should We Spend on It?William H. Press (Science 15 November 2013)

Presidential Address: What's So Special About Science And How Much Should We Spend on It?William H. Press (Science 15 November 2013)

Ricerca SviluppoCristelli M, Tacchella A, Pietronero L (2015) The Heterogeneous Dynamics of Economic Complexity. PLoS ONE 10(2): e0117174.

Ricerca SviluppoCristelli M, Tacchella A, Pietronero L (2015) The Heterogeneous Dynamics of Economic Complexity. PLoS ONE 10(2): e0117174.

Ricerca Sviluppo

Ricerca Sviluppo

Ricerca Sviluppo

Ricerca Sviluppo

Correlation vs causation

Presidential Address: What's So Special About Science And How Much Should We Spend on It?William H. Press (Science 15 November 2013)

Public expenditure on university % GDP [Eurostat]

Exp

endi

ture

on

un

ive

rsity

% G

DP

Ottiene più citazioni chi più spende per R&D accademica (= HERD)

Pae

seDominio scientifico

Pae

seDominio scientifico

• Technological leading countries, beyond having the largest production of scientific papers and the largest number of citations, do not specialize in few scientific domains. Rather, they diversify as much as possible their research system

• Diversification thus represents the key element that correlates with scientific and technological competitiveness

Public expenditure on university % GDP [Eurostat]

Exp

endi

ture

on

un

ive

rsity

% G

DP

Variazione personale dipendente

Roma 21 febbraio 2014 Paolo Rossi 25

Number of professors+ researchers:

-20%

Roma 21 febbraio 2014 Paolo Rossi 26

Recruitments 2006-2013: -90%

27

PrecariatoRicercatori a tempo determinato

Italia: 7° per citazioni di articoli scientifici

Produttività: Italia batte Stati Uniti Francia e Germania ed è seconda solo ad UK

Spesa in R&S delle imprese/ %PIL

Disoccupazione giovanile

> 45% 30%-45% 20%-30%

<10% NonEU

10%-20%

Public expenditure on university % GDP [Eurostat]

Exp

endi

ture

on

un

ive

rsity

% G

DP

Risk and Innovation

“The important thing for government is not to do things which individuals are doing already, and to do them a little better or a little worse; but to do those things which at present are not

done at all.”

John Maynard Keynes, The End of Laissez-Faire (1926)

The visible hand at work W

illia

m H

. Pre

ss

(Sci

ence

15

Nov

embe

r 20

13)

Starting supporting grants

Micro HD (Nobel phys. 2007, EU+US)

Micro integrated circuits (US airforce, Nasa)

Multi touch (NSF, US)

Internet (NSF, Darpa, CERN, …)

GPS (US airforce)

Siri (Darpa, Univ.)

LCD Screen (Darpa)

Litium Batteries (DoE, NSF,…)

California garages

There is no effort to cure the R&D lag neither at the national level nor at the European level

There is a net transfer of human and financial resources from South to North

Austerity measures make things worst both on the short and long term

Human resources

Infrastructures

Solo un’azione coordinata tra i governi nazionali e l’EU può invertire la rotta

•Diversificazione dei sistemi della ricerca

•Risorse umane

•Infrastrutture

•Ricerca di base

•Applicazioni della ricerca di base

http://openletter.euroscience.org/