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u '? -k ' / f ] lxt_x?sf ] k lgpkl:ylt lyof ] . td'x?sf];+:yf Kx] Fn' s]Gb|Lo ljefusfk|d'v SofK6]g OGb|axfb'/ td'sf]pkl:ylt klg /x]sf] lyof] .OGb |axfb ' /sf cg';f/ of ]Nxf ];f/ aTtL;xhf/ b 'O {;ozt;¶Lof}+ gof jif{ xf] . o;n]g]kfndf u'?ªx?sf] Oltxf;#@ xhf/ @ ;o ^& jif{ k'/fgf]5 eGg] s'/f k'li6 x'g cfpF5 .

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:yfgdf x'g] ePsf] cyf{t u'?ª/fli6«o kl/ifbsf] lgdGq0ffdfbxrf}/d} x'g] ePsf]n ] ToxfF;flxTo ;h{sx?sf] pkl:yltx'g] g} eof] . ;|i6f rf}tf/Lsfo{qmd ;dfkg ePkl5 ;|i6f;fy Lx? lnafªlt/ kms {g ];'/;f/df b]lvg' eof] . o:t}dfu'?ª /fli6«o kl/ifbsf lx/f3n ]n ] cfh ot } dtnju'?ªufpFd} a:g] cfu|x ug'{eof]. c? ;fyLx?n] dnfO{ ToxfFyftL /fv]/ kms{g] x'g'eof] .d}n] klg x'G5 elglbPF, lsgeg]lnafªd} klg dnfO{ gkms]{sf]dfsxfF uof] s] vfof] eg]/ lrGtfug]{ sf] g} kf] 5 / <

/]l8of]sdL{ b]jL u'?ªsf]pb\3f]if0fdf ;~rflnt sfo{qmdcf;gu |x0 f nufotsfcf}krfl/s efif0f eLif0f x'g]qmdd} bxrf }/sf ] Ps5]pdfd=lb=;]=sfo{qmd klg e}/x]sf]/x]5 . dfG5]x?sf] r'/Lkm'/Ln]

of] sfo{qmd rn]sf] yfxf eof]. c?sf] t s'/} 5f]8f}F tf/fdfljdf cWoog ug]{ b[li6xLgelgg] Pshgf dx/f y/sfljBfyL { klg o f ] d f =k =;] =sfo{qmddf ;xefuL eP5g\ .r'/Lkm'/L lgs} pTsif{df k'u]/ klgcf]n{b} lyof] . sfo{qmd :ynbxrf }/d} cWof/f] e};s]sf ]cj:yfdf xfdLn] 6r{ afn]/ufpFlt/ cf]n{g' kg]{ ePsf] lyof]. lt b [li6xLg elgg] dx/fs;/L cfpg] xf ]nfg \, yf]/ }lrGtfsf] ljifo ePsf] eP klgxf ]d:6 ] ;~rfng ePsf ]3/;Dd pgL cfO k'u]sf] b]v]/d}n] Elen's Mountain eGg]syf :d/0f u/]F .

xf]d:6] ;~rfng ePsf]3/df al;of ], o:tf xf]d:6];~rfng k f Frcf ]6f 3/dfePsf 5g\ eGg] ;'g]sf] xf] .c? lecfOkLx? cg]qsfxf]d:6] lt/ nfUg' eP5 . xfdL

a;]sf ] Pp6fdf d nufots]xL ;fyLx? a:of} + . of]/]l8of] hnhnfsL /]l8of]sdL{b ]jL u'?ªsf] 3/ /x]5 .xf]d:6]df a;]/ dgn] /f]h]sf]vfgf vfOof] t/ krfpg wf}x'g] sL eGg] cfz+sfn] dgel/8]/f hdfof] . lsgeg] vfPsfhlt ;a}yf]s kfrgsf b[li6n]alnof dWo]sf lyP, ds}sf]l9F8f], tf]/Lsf] ;fu, l;:gf]sf]t/sf/L, e6df;sf] r6gL /nf]sn s'v'/fsf] ;fydf g9fF6]/eGg' kbf{ Nxf];f/ kfgL klg .

vfgf vfO ;s]kl5 ca;'tf} +sL eGg] ;dodf gfr x]g{hfg] eGg] k|:tfj cfof] .b]jLhLn] 8fo/L / snd lnP/hfg eGg'eof], sf/0f ;f]WbflbpF;f ] 5'6 ]sf] Psn g[Tok|ltof]lutf clxn] x'g;Sg] /;f] df lg0ff{ossf] e"ldsflgefpg' kg]{ ;Defjgf /x]5 .

afFsL k[i7 & df

;xsfo{ / Pstf g} ;a}sf] ;femf ;jfn xf] . xfdLPstf / ;xsfo{sf] 7"nf gf/f nufP/ lxFl8/x]sf x'G5f}+ t/ha ;xsfo{sf] vfFrf] x'G5 ta af6f] abNg] xfd|f] k|j[lQ/x]sf] 5 . of] k|j[lQsf] cGTo gx'Gh]n;Dd ;fdflhs ljsf;of /fli6«o ljsf;df xfdL slxNo} h'6\g] 5}gf}+ . s'g} s'/fsf]hfgsf/L lagf xnf] x8\sfpg' xfd|f] afgL g} k/]sf] 5 . g tcfkm"n] s'g} gofF cjwf/0ff NofpF5f}+ gt csf{n] NofPsf]gofFkgdf ;xeflu x'g k'U5f}+ . xfdL g]kfnLx?sf] oxL afgL /;f]+rsf sf/0f kl5 k/]sf] lttf] oyf{ttf ljlbt} 5 . t/ yfxfkfP/ klg xfdLn] cfkm\gf] afgL, ;f]+rnfO{ ;sf/fTds lbzftkm{pGd'v u/fpg eg] ;ls/x]sf 5}gf}+ .

oxL k|;+u / ;f]+rsf] s'/f xf], /f]Nkfsf] df3L dxf]T;j. a'x;+Vos du/ hfltsf] afx'Notf ePsf] /f]Nkfdf x/]skIfaf6 cfcfkm\g} tj/n] ljsf; / ko{6sLo k|rf/k|;f/ x'gcfjZos 5 . ;+:sf/ ;+s[ltsf] hu]{gf;Fu} lhNnfnfO{ ko{6sLoynf]sf] ?kdf lrgfpg' dxTjk"0f{ ljifo xf] t/ xfdL /f]NkfnLx?n]du/ ;d'bfosf] kj{dfq} geP/ lhNnfsf] klxrfgsf s'/fnfO{cfTd;fy ug'{ h?/L 5 . gofF cjwf/0ff / gofF kl/j]zsf;fy df3L dxf]T;j x'g nfu]sf] 5 . o;df xfdL ;a}sf] ;fy/ ;xof]u x'g cfjZos 5 . s;}n] u/]sf] sfo{qmddf xfdL;xeflu gx'g] xf] eg] csf]{ vfn] k|;+uaf6 xfdL lhNnfnfO{lrgfpg] k|of; lsg ub}{gf}+ < k"j{ b]lv klZrd / pQ/ b]lvblIf0f /f]Nkfsf] ;a} e"efudf du/ ;d'bfosf] a;f]af; 5 t/dxf]T;jsf ?kdf olt 7"nf] /fzLsf] cfly{s /sd vr]{/lhNnfnfO{ klxrfg lbnfpg] dfWod dfq} df8Lrf}/ dxf]T;jn]ug]{ ePsf] 5 . s] oxfF c? If]qsf afl;Gbfsf] kx'Fr 5}g t< olb o;df ;xeflutf / ;dy{g gug]{ xf] eg] cGo If]qsf;d'bfo s]Gb|df kx' Fr ePsfx?n] cfkm\g} k|sf/n] dxf]T;ju/] t eO{xfNYof] lg t/ lhNnfnfO{ klxrfg lbnfpg ;s]cfkm" cl3 ;/f}+ g;s] ;g]{nfO{ ;fy lbcf}+ cfhsf] cfjZstfg} oxL xf] ls <

ax'eflifs, ax'wfld{s ;+:sf/, ;+:s[ltsf] hu]{gf ug]{/f]NkfnLx?n] cfcfkm\g} tj/n] kj{ dgfpg' cfjZos 5 eg]kj{;Fu} lhNnfsf] klxrfg agfpg' 7"nf] s'/f xf] . cfh ;a}sf]cfjZostf xf] lhNnfsf] klxrfg u/fpg' . ;z:q o'4sf]pb\ud :yn /f]Nkf eg]/ lgs} lrlgof] t/ ko{6sLo If]qn]el/k"0f{ /f]Nkf eg]/ lrgfpg] kf6f]df xfdL nfUg' h?/L 5 .t;y{ dgsf ;a} lttf / :jfy{k"0f{ s'/fx?nfO{ yfFtL /fVb};fdflhsLs/0f tkm{ pGd'v x'g] ls <

@)&! kf}if @( ut] d+unaf/ ax;÷cGt/jftf{

crDdsf] b'lgofF

/f]Nkf lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfdaf6 tkl;nsf 7fpFx?df lbjf ;]jf a; tyfhLk ;~rfng eO/x]sf] Joxf]/f ;Dk"0f{ dxfg'efjx?df hfgsf/L u/fpgrfxG5f}+ .;'kf{nsf nflu a; 5'6\g] ;dolnafªaf6 ;'kf{nsf nflu lbpF;f] # ah];'kf{naf6 lnafªsf nflu laxfg ^M#) ah]v'ª\u|Lsf nflu a; 5'6\g] ;dolnafªaf6 v'ª\u|Lsf nflu lbp;f] #M$% ah]v'ª\u|Laf6 lnafªsf nflu laxfg & ah]hLk 5'6\g] ;do3tL{ufpFaf6 tfnfafªsf nflu lbpF;f] $M#) ah]tfnfafªaf6 3tL{ufpFsf nflu laxfg &M#) ah]

ofq' dxfg'efjx?df v'zLsf] va/

yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu hnhnf oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldltsf]k|wfg sfof{no lnafª /f]Nkf .

/f]Nkfaf/] s] eG5g\ xfF:o snfsf/ch'{g l3ld/] kfF8] <

/f]Nkfdf klxnf] k6s cfO{of] .;f]+r]sf] eGbf lgs} leGg clg w]/}km/s nfUof] . xfdLn] ;f]+r]sf] eGbfw]/} ;sf/fTds /x]5 /f]Nkf . /f]NkfnfO{x fn;Dd a 'emg ]x?n] !) ji f ] {hgo'4sf] pb\ud :yn eg]/ dfq}lrg]sf 5g\ ca /f]NkfnfO{ To;/L xf]O{gko{6sLo ?kdf lrgfpg' cfjZos5 . /f]NkfnfO{ lrgfpgsf nflu h;/Lgf/fx? sf]l/Psf 5g\ ;'Gb/ /f]Nkfjf:tjd} /f]Nkf clt g} ;'Gb/ 5 .

xfdL sf7df8 f } + a f6cfpg]a ]nfdf w]/} :yfgdf oxfFsf]k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfsf] cjnf]sg u/]sflyof} + . jf:tjd} /f]Nkf olt w]/} ;'Gb// wgL 5 sL oxf Fsf] k |s [ ltsf ]k|rf/k|;f/ ug'{ clt cfjZos 5 .ko{6sLo ?kdf oxfFsf ] k| fs[ltssnfTds ;'Gb/tfnfO{ lrgfpg' k5{ .xfdLn ] / f ]N k fdf cfP/ oxf Fs f/f]NkfnLx?;Fu s]xL ;do glhs} /x]/latfof}+ .

h ] xf ]; cfo f ]hs l6dn ]sfo{qmdnfO{ 6'l8v]ndf /fv]sf] eP

cem}+ ;'gdf ;'uGw nfUg] lyof] . o:t};fp08 l;:6dsf ] k | f lj lws;d:ofnfO{ xn ug'{kg] { cfjZostfb]lvPsf] lyof ] . xfd|f] l6d lgs}sl7gfO{sf ;fy k "j {a f6 / f ] Nk fcfO{k'u]sf] 5 . xfdL l56\6} csf] {sfo{qmdsf] tof/Lsf nflu hfg'kg]{ 5To;}n] /f]Nkfdf w]/} ;do latfpg;s]gf} + . ca cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf]uf]i7L /f]Nkfdf x'Fb}5 . ;f]xL uf]i7Lsf];dodf xfdL w]/} snfsf/x? /f]Nkfsf]k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tf;Fu /Dg cfpg]5f}+ .oxfFsf] cGt/j:t';Fu 3'nd]n x'g]5f}+. Ps;ftfsf ] nflu x'g yfn ]sf ]sfo{qmddf ;xeflu x'g cfpg] 5f}+ .

s8f kl/>d u/]sf] /OdfGbf/ ag]sf] eGb} Ps g]tfn]b'Oj6f uwfnfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf 5g\. tL g]tfn] ljz]if sfo{qmd g} u/]/tL uwfnfO{ kbs ;d]t k|bfg ul/;Ddfg u/]sf x'g\ . 36gf ef/tsf]xf] . ef/tsf] a}+unf]/l:yt sGgfbfrfn'efnL ef6n kIf gfds If]qLobnsf cWoIf ef6n gfu/fhn]uPsf] d+unaf/ uwfnfO{ ;Ddfgu/]sf] ef/tLo ;+rf/dfWodn]hgfPsf 5g\ . cfkm"n] uwf,s's'/, e}F;L, ufO tyf uf]?nufotnfO{ ;Ddfg ug]{ lg0f{ou/]sf] eGb} pgn] oL hGt'x?dflg;eGbf al9 kl/>dL,cg'zfl;t / cf1fsf/L ePsf]bfaL u/] .

l;6L ;]G6/l:yt a;6ld{gndf Ps sfo{qmd ul/ pgn]

b'O uwfnfO{/fHof]T;j gfdskbs k|bfg u/] .e'tk"j{;f+;b ;d]t/x]sf ^% jifL{ogfu/fhn] s0ff{s;/sf/n] uGodfGodflg;x?nfO{ lbg]jflif{s dfgkbjLs}gfpF /fv]/ uwfnfO{kbs k|bfg u/]sfx'g\ .

uwf ;Ddfg sfo{qmddfb'Oj6f uwfnfO{ g'xfO w'jfO{ ;kmfu/]/ NofOPsf] lyof] . To;kl5 tLg]tfn] uwfnfO{ /ftf] /+u tyf dfnfnufOlbP, bf];Nnf cf]9fOlbP,u'nfasf] km"n r9fP . pgsf;dy{x?n] hf]8bf/ tfnL lk6] . pQmsfo{qmd x]g{ 7"nf] ;+Vofdf dflg;

hDdf ePsf lyP . cfkm"n] x/]sdlxgf hgfj/ ;Ddfg ug]{ atfpFb}pgn] csf]{ dlxgf csf]{hgfj/nfO{ ;Ddfg ug]{ 3f]if0ff;d]t u/] . 3/kfn'jf hgfj/nfO{;Ddfg ug]{ cfkm"x?sf] ;Dj[l4,k/Dk/f tyf ;+:sf/ /x]sf] klgpgn] atfP .

lnafª–^, /f]Nkfk|f]= lj/]Gb| >]i7,(*$&*%)$)$

xfd|f ;]jfx?MsDKo'6/ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx? ljqmL,8]:s6k sDKo'6/, Nofk6k ljqmL tyf dd{t,lk|G6/, kmf]6f]skL ljqmL tyf dd{t,lk|G6/ 6f]g/ l;kmlnª,g]6jls{ª ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfdx? ul/G5 .

cgnfOg ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfdsf nflu

oxL ldlt @)&! ;fn kf}if #) ut] lalxaf/sf lbg o;/f]Nkf lhNnfsf] k|yd gu/kflnsf lnafªsf] gu/ kl/ifb\lgDg ldlt / :yfgdf x'g] ePsfn] ;Dk"0f{ /fhg}lts bn,;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L sfof{no k|d'v, j8f gful/s dGr,cfdf ;d"x, o'jf Sna, ;dfh;]jL, :jf:YosdL{, a'l4hLjL,lzIfs, ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo ;a}nfO{ pkl:yt e}lbg'x'gxflb{s cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

gu/kl/ifb\ x'g]af/] h?/L ;"rgf

ldltM @)&! ;fn kf}if #)ut] lalxaf/;doM laxfg !! ah]:yfgM lhlj;sf] gofF xnlnafª /f]Nkf

tkl;n

x't/fh kf}8]nlgldQ sfo{sf/L clws[tlnafª gu/kflnsfsf]

sfof{no /f]Nkf

dxf]T;j pb3f6g ldlt glhlsFb}5tof/L sxfF;Dd k 'Uof ] <

tof/ Lx? nueu;lsPsf ] 5 . xfdLn ] ef } ltslgdf { 0 fsf s ' / fnfO { :6nx?lgdf{0fnfO{ clGtd r/0fdf k'¥ofPsf5f}+ . lhNnfsf bh{g a9L ;/sf/Ltyf u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?n]hgr]tgf d'ns sfo{qmd NofpFb}x'g'x'G5 pxfFx?n] cfcfkmgf] If]qaf6k|rf/k|;f/ ug'{efsf] 5 eg] ;a}sf]tof/L nueu clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf]5 . df3sf] Ps ut]af6 & ut];DdnfUg] of] dxf]T;jsf] ;Dk"0f{ tof/LclGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 .dxf ]T;jsf] d'Vo cfsif {0 f s'gs'/fnfO{ dfGg ;lsG5 <

x]lnsK6/ p8fg / klxnf]k6s ¥ofkm\l6ªnfO{ d'Vo cfsif{0fsf?kdf lnO{Ps]f 5 . ;f]daf/ xfdLcfkm}+n] x]lnsK6/ r9]/ kl/If0f u/]sf5f} + . :yfgLox?sf] ;xeflutfdf:yfgLox?af6 g} kl/If0f u/]sf xf}+. o:t} ¥ofkml6ªsf] klg kl/If0f ePsf]5 . l6s6 sf6\g] sfd wdfwdeO{/x]sf ] 5 . eg] csf ] { s'/ fo'jfx?sf nflu d'Vo cfsif {0 fkm '6an sfo{qmd 5 . cfbLjf;Lhghflt, Sna, dhb'/ Sna,nlntk'/ km'6an 6Ld sf7df8f}+af6/ b]jLbQ u0f Aof/]s /f]Nkfsf] l6d/ :yfgLo v]nf8Lx? klg ;xeflux'g]5g\ . o:t} :jf:Yosf] k|efjsf/Lsfo{qmd klg 5 . g;f /f]u ;DaGwL,afn/f]u;DaGwL laz]if1 8fS6/x?cfpFb}5g\ o:t} uf]vf{ u|'kaf6 klg8fS6/x? cfpFb }5g\ . ;fydflhNnf :j f:Yo sfo f {non ];xhLs/0f ub}{5 . eg] cfFvf lzlj/klg /]8qm;sf] cfof]hgfdf x'g]5 .

df3] ;+qmflGt ko{6g, s[lif tyf v]ns'b dxf]T;a @)&! sf] tof/L lta| ?kdf eO/x]sf] cfof]hs ;ldltn]hgfPsf] 5 . s]xL lbgcl3 lhNnfsf kqsf/x?nfO{ dxf]T;a :ynd} kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ul/ tof/Laf/] cfof]hs;ldltsf ;+of]hs lbk]Gb| s'df/ k'gdu/ l;hnn] s]lx ef}lts ;+/rgfx? lgdf{0fdf sl7gfO{ eO/x]sf] eP klg;a} lgsfosf] ;fy / ;xof]usf sf/0f sfd ug{ ;xh eO/x]sf] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] . dxf]T;j cfpg cas]xLlbg dfq afFsL 5 . dxf]T;j:yndf eO{/x]sf cGo ultljlw / tof/Laf/] d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf ;+of]hslbk]Gb| s'df/ k'g l;hn;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If]k =======

bh{g a9L hgr]tgfd'ns sfo{qmd;Fu}rlr{t snfsf/x?sf] a]hf]8 k|:t'ltklg cfsif{0fdf /xg]5 . s[lif :6nx?klg 5g\ .dx f ] T ; j ;Da Gw Ls f l j le Ggs'/fnfO{ hf]8]/ cGo * /fhgLltsbnx?n ] c f k m \g f ] ;xe f l ut fghgfpg ] lg0 f {o ;lxt lj1KtLklg hf/L u/] ;xsfo{sf] kl5Nnf]cj:yf s] 5 <

;a} ;/sf/L sfof{nox?n]sfo {qmdx? lnP/ uPsf 5g\ .l8sf];, lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, s[lifsfof{no, :jf:Yo sfof{no, ;a}n]cfcfkmgf] tkm{af6 ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\t/ /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] cfkm\gf] a'emfO{unt x'Fbf /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] la1KtLlgsfNg k'u]sf x'g\ . xfdL vf;u/Lkf6L{ut ?kdf geP/ hª\sf]6, efafª,Xjfdf, sf]6ufpF $ j6f uflj;sf]cfof]hgfdf of] sfo{qmd u/]sf] xf] .cfof ]hs leqsf] /Dhfa ];L o 'jfSnasf] ;+/Ifs d ePsf] sf/0fn] d;+of]hs ePsf] x' F . d /fhgLltsbnsf] lhDd]jf/ kf6L{ k|ltlglw ePsf]s f/0fn ] pxf Fx?n] unt ?kdfa'em\g'ePsf] /x]5 t/ xfdLn] lg0f{osf]dfO{g6 pxfFx?nfO{ k7fPsf 5f}+ . o;sf/0fn] klg cln k|i6 x'g'eof] xf]nfvf;u/]/ pxfFx? ;xeflu gx'g] eGg]s'/f a'emfO{sf] sdLn] ePsf] lyof] caeg] xfdLn] xfd|f] tkm{af6 ;a}s'/f a'emfO{;s]kl5 km/skg cfpF5 xf]nf g} .s ]x L ; do c l3 / fh g L l tsbnx?sf sf/0fn] ;dfrf/ a ]Un}cfpFbf s]xL k |efj k/ ]sf ] va/cfPsf ] lyof] clxn] s] 5 cj:yf/ s ] G b | L o :t /a f6 c fpg ]ko {6sx?s f ] / f ] N k f e |d 0 fkmnbfoL xf ]nf t <

v/fa ;dfrf/ cuf l8uof] eg] t ;a} k|efj k5{ g} . xfd|f]o;cl3sf] va/n] ljb]zL ko{6sx?¥ofkm\l6ªsf nflu cfpg] eg]sf] t/Tof ] ;dfrf/sf sf/0 f pxf Fx?/f]lsg'ePsf] s'/f k|i6} xf] . e|d0fsf]lglDt ko{6sx? g]kfn cfpF5g\ t/s]xL k|efj eg] cjZo klg k/]sf] xf]. t/ kl5 xfdLn ] ;dfrf/ csf] {k|sfzg u/ ]kl5 s]xL ;sf/fTdsk|efj k/]sf] 5 . slQsf] /fd|f] x'G5eGg] s'/f t x]g{ afFsL 5 . csf]{s'/fko{6sLo If]qdf lrgfpgsf nflu xfd|f]o; dxf]T;jsf] 7"nf] of]ubfg /xg]5. /f]Nkf e|d0fdf cfPkl5 ko{6sx?sf]e|d0f kmnbfoL x'g'sf ;fy} xfd|f]lhNnfsf] klg /fd|f] k|rf/ x'g]5 / /fd|f];Gb]z hfg]5 .cGtdf eGg} kg] { s '/ fx? s]xL5g\ ls <

dxf]T;j glhlsFb}5 . o;lhNnf aflx/sf ;a}sf ] cfsif{0fdxf]T;j ePs} 5 . ;fy ;fydflhNnf leqsf ;a} hg;d 'b foPsk6s df8Lrf}/df cfP/ Psk6s6]G6df a;f}+ g . d ;a}nfO{ cg'/f]wub{5' . xfd|f] dxf]T;jdf cfdGq0fub {5' . oxfF lhNnf du/ ;+3n];f+:s[lts sfo{qmd ub}{5 . Pla;Ll6lesf s[i0f sF8]nsf] O{Gb|]0fL u|'ksf;d"x ;a} cfpFb}5g\ . o:t} /fli6«o:t/sf snfsf/x? klg cfpFb}5g\ .pxf Fx?sf] k |:t'tL;Fu} dxf ]T;jsf ]ljleGg cfsif {0 fnfO{ glhs}af6lgofn ]/ ko{6g k |j {4gsf] If]qdfxft]dfnf] ul/lbgsf nflu ;Dk"0f{hg;d'bfox?df xflb{s lgdGq0ff lbgrfxG5' / of] klqsfnfO{ klg cfef/AoQm ug{ rfxG5' .

k|:t 'tLM b ]jL

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7fpFcg';f/ cf–cfkm\g}vfnsf 5g\ . k|foM ;a} 7fpF/ ;Dk|bfon] df3 ;+qmflGtdgfpF5g\ vfnL ljlwdf dfqkm/s 5 . df3;+qmflGtdgfpg] s]xL dxTjk"0f{ljlwx¿M

r]nLx?sf] efu lvFr/L-lvr8L_ / t?n;lxtsf]kl/sf/x? afFl8G5 . lvFr/L5f]/L dfG5]n] dfq kfpg]ePsfn] 5f]/fnfO{ lbOFb}g .t?nhftsf vfBj:t'sf]km;n leq\ofpg] / o;nfO{lvFr/Lsf] ?kdf df3dlxgfel/ r]nLx?nfO{ lbOG5. lvFr/L k'?ifx?sf nflux'Fb}g of] cljjflxt jfljjflxt 5f]/L alxgLnfO{ dfqlbOG5 . 5f]/L, alxgLsf]lvFr/L k'?ifx?n] vfOlbPdfcsf]{ hGddf 3f]8fsf] h'gLkfOg] k/Dk/fut ljZjf; 5 .t/ kTgL / cfdfsf] lvFr/LvfFbf of] lgod nfu' x'Fb}g .lvFr/Ldf t?n, rfdn, bfn/ gub k};f x'G5 . ljjflxt5f]/L alxgL dfOtL gcfPdfOtLn] lvFr/L 3/d}k'¥ofOlbg'k5{ .

laxfgel/ lvFr/LafFl8G5 / lbpF;f] ufpFel/sfs]6fs]6L hDdf eO{ JofpnLkf]Ng hfG5g\ . df3;+qmflGtsf lbg JofpnL kf]Ng]rng x'G5, vf;u/L

s]6fs]6Lx?dfem . JofpnLkf]Nbf d[To';+:sf/sf] k'0f{k|of]ux'G5 / o;n] du/ ;dfhdfd[To';+:sf/sf] cEof;nfO{s]6fs]6Ldf cyf{t\ gofFk':tfdf x:tfGt/0f x'G5 .JofpnL aRrfx?sf]jif{el/sf] v]nf}gfsf] ;ª\u|xxf] / o;sf] cf}krfl/s cGTodflg; dbf{ ul/g] d[To';+sf/s} ljlwdf x'G5 .

laxfg} cljjflxt sGof5f]/Lx?n] 3/sf] dogvDafdf uf]j/ nufO{ bxLrfdn / hd/fsf] 6LsfnufpF5g\ . dog vDafdflkqx?nfO{ bxLrfdnsf] 6Lsf/ hd/f nufOlbPkl5 c?;a} 3/ kl/jf/sf;b:ox?n] tL sGofs]6Lx?af6 bxL, rfdn /hd/fsf] 6Lsf nufpF5g\ .cljjflxt 5f]/L gePsf]3/df cGo bfh'efOsf 5f]/Ln]klg of] sfo{ ug{ ;S5g\ .6Lsf / hd/fsf] sfd ;DkGgePkl5 ufpFel/sf sGof5f]/Lx? hDdf x'G5g\ / lk7f],rfdn / ds} dfU5g\ .ufpFel/ dfu]/ hDdf ePsftL ;fdu|LnfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf/fv]/ hfF8 agfpF5g\ . hfF8vfgnfO{ tof/ ePkl5 df3!% jf df3sf] d;fGt jfcGo lbgsf] efsf /fvLufpFd} ;s/flt -;Í\/flGt_sf]

;dfkg sfo{qmd to ul/G5. ufpFsf bfh'efO cfpF5g\. c? ufpFsf s]6fx?nfO{af]nfOG5 . bfh'efO / cGocfdlGqt s]6fx?nfO{ hfF8/ /f]6L lbG5g\ . bfh'efOn]cfkm\gf] uR5]cg';f/sf]/sd hDdf u/L tL 5f]/La}gLx?nfO{ lbG5g\ . ;fFemy/L 3/df hDdf eP/s]6Lx? XofDkL -XofDkO{_gfR5g\ . RofDkL eg]sf]5fFr'/] 8f]sf]nfO{ xft 6fpsf]agfO{ u'lgof]rf]nL klx/fO{8f]sf]leq dfG5] k;]/dfbnsf] tfndf gflrg] gfrxf] . of] gfr vf;u/Ls]6Lx? 8f]sf]leq k;L;f]nf] efsfdf gfR5g\ .

df3L ;Í\/flGtsf] lbgtf/f] xfGg] ljz]if rng klg5 . kfsf dfG5]x? aGb'sn]/ s]6fx? wg'sfF8n] tf/f]xfGg] u5{g\ . tf/f] xfGbfafhL 7f]lsG5 . afhL7f]Sbf h;n] tf/f] xfGbfxf¥of] p;n] tf]lsPsf] afhL/sd ltg'{k5{ . ;Í\/flGtdftf/f] xfGgnfO{ agfOPsf]wg'sfF8sf] 6'Kkf] h;nfO{sf]7n] elgG5 Tof] 6f]D6fn]agfpF5g\ . sf]7\n]agfOlbPafkt Pp6f ;'Fu'/sf];k]6f lbg] k/Dk/f klg 5 .

5f]/L,alxgLsf] lv Fr/Lk'?ifx?n]vfOlbPdf csf]{hGddf 3f]8fsf]h'gL kfOg]k/Dk/fut ljZjf;5 . t/ kTgL /cfdfsf] lv Fr/LvfFbf of] lgodnfu' x' Fb}g .lv Fr/Ldf t?n,rfdn, bfn / gubk};f x'G5 . ljjflxt5f]/L alxgL dfOtLgcfP dfOtLn]lv Fr/L 3/d}k'¥ofOlbg'k5{ .

/fdaxfb'/Ps tdf;n] cfkm\gf] 3/d'lglgw{Ss eP/hldg vlg/x]5–Pp6f /fd|f] km"n km'nfpglxDdt / d]xgt ul//x]5 .

lsglsp;n] ;kmntfdf kl;gf r''d]sf] 5/ut au]sf] 5/, /fd|f] km"n km'nfpgpm cxf]/fq vl6/x]sf] 5sl:;Psf] 5 lg/Gt/ .

p;n] ;'g]sf] 5–km"n km'nfpg / kl;gfdf /dfpgs;}sf] k|]/0ff 5p;nfO{ s;}n] xf};fPsf] 5dgdg} ;f]W5– sf] xf] Tof] <

k|]/0ff / cglj1tfdf pmdfq d':s'/fpF5 / km"n /f]K5kl;gf aufpF5 //ut ttfpF5 .

;'Gg t ;'g]sf] xf] p;n]s;}sf] d[To'j/0fdf km"n km'n]sf 5g\dflg;x? cl3 a9]sf 5g\/ :jtGqtfsf gf/f af]s]sf 5g\To;}n] p;n] klg ofqf /f]h]sf] xf]–cl3 a9\g]:jtGq x'g]/, Gofosf km"nx? /f]Kg] .

s] xf] alnbfgL <s] xf] k|f0f cfx'lt <s;}n] efif0fdf af]n]sf] ;DemG5 pm/ k9\5 ;lxb ;fyLsf] kq .

lgisif{ 5 p;sf]–alnbfgLaf6 :jtGqtf kfOG5lk|o x'G5 :jtGqtflge{o / cu|ufdL x'G5 :jtGqtfcljrlnt agfpFb} p;n] dglg:sG5 ofqfdf/ e]6fpF5 ;8sdf c? ;fyLx?af]S5 d;fn b'a} xftn]/ ldnfpF5 cfjfh–:jtGqtf lhGbfjfbOGSnfa lhGbfjfb .

pm cyf{t\ /fdaxfb'/lg:s]sf] 5 ;8sdf r'Dg :jtGqtfkm"nx? klg 5}gg\ :jtGqlgisif{ 5 p;sf] of] cfh/, cem} tft]sf] 5 ;8srs]{sf 5g\ cfjfhuf]naGb 5 ;8sdf h'n';/, vf]lh/x]5 lk|o :jtGqtf .

sxfF 5 :jtGqtf <s:tf] x'G5 :jtGqtf <p;sf] ;lxb ;fyL ;DemG5/ eG5 –cfhfbL xf] :jtGqtfd'lQm xf] :jtGqtfk|ult xf] :jtGqtfGofo xf] :jtGqtf/ dfu{ xf] :jtGqtf .

km"nx? km'nfpg' /;lxb ;fyLsf] ljrf/ /f]Kg'Pp6} 7fG5 /fdaxfb'/cyf{t\ Pp6f :jtGqtfk|]dLGofok| ]dL / kl/jt{gk|]dLoL x'g\ p;sf kl5Nnf kl/ro .

cfsfz r'Dg] ;kgf 5p;sf]alnbfgL af6f] xf] p;sf]]d'¶Ldf k|f0f af]s]/;u/dfyf pSnb}5 pmPp6f :jtGqtfsf] ;u/dfyf/, 3/sf leQfdf cg'xf/sf]R5b]V5 lk|o ;fyLsf cg'xf/dfnf / /ª\ kf]ltPsf:s]rx?pleG5g\ p;sf] cl3cl3/ s/fpF5 pm–;lxb eof] d]/f] ;fyLp;sf] cfjfh emg rs{b}5/, pm eG5–d klg aG5'ca ;lxb Û

kqsfl/tf If]qdf rlr{tgfd sfzL/fd 8fFuLn] zlgaf/rfª lr/fusf] gfdaf6 km6fkm6sljtf ;'gfpFbf w]/} cfZro{rlst ag] . nlnt ;flxTokl/ifb \ /f ]Nkfn ] slj rfªlr/fusf] /rgf jfrg s'/faflx/ cfPnuQ} ;'? ePsf]rrf{ kl/rrf{ zlgaf/ d]l6Psf]5 . zlgaf/ afrgfnodfcfof ]lht sfo{qmddf pgn]/rgf cfkm\gf /rgf ;'gfPsfx'g \ . sfo {qmddf lr/fun]cfk m \gf ( j6f sljtfx?jfrg u/]sf lyP . dfl;s?kdf dlxgfsf] clGtd zlgaf/;~rfng x ' F b } cfPsf ]o;k6ssf] sfo {qmd cf7f} +z[ª\vnf xf] .

lr/fusf] JolQmTjdflyslj Pjd\ kqsf/ v]d a'9fdu/n]k|sfz kf/]sf lyP . …ufpFdf x'Fbflr/ fun] ufp F3/, o 'ua f ]wnufotdf cfkm \gf /rgfx?k|sfzg u/]sf lyP .Ú lr/fusf]JolQmTjdfly af]Nb} a'9fdu/n]eg], …ufpFdf x'Fbf ;'? ;'?df;flxTodf nfu]sf lr/fu kl5kl5 kqsfl/tfdf nfu]sf x'g\ .Úpgn] lr/fu ;'?df s]= ql;tTo;kl5 sfzL/fd 8fFuL / clxn]rfª lr/fusf] ?kdf kl/lrtePsf] a'9fdu/n] atfP .

sfo {q mddf lr/ fun ]jfrg u/]sf sljtfx?dfly;dLIff ;flxTosf/ 6 ]s]Gb |hL=Pd=n] u/]sf lyP . h'uf/–@ lgjf;L lr/fu kqsfl/tfk]zfdf sfzL/fd 8fFuLsf ?kdf

kl/lrt 5g\ . pgL sflGtk'/b}lgssf] /f]Nkf ;Djfbbftfsf?kdf sfo{/t 5g\ .

sfo {q mddf k l/i fb \sfcWoIf cf]d kG5Ln] Psn /rgfjfrg ;DkGg ePsf]df k|df0fkq/ cfhLjg ;b:otf k|df0fkq

k|bfg u/]sf lyP . kG5Lsf]cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmdsf];~rfng kl/ifb\sf dxf;lrjgjLg nf]rgdu/n] u/]sf lyP .:yfgLo  /]l8of] /f]Nkf / /]l8of]hnhnfaf6 sfo{qmdsf] k|ToIfk|zf/0f ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] .

à ;sd du/

-;;_ /f]Nkf . k|jf;df/x]sf g]kfnLx?sf] ;fd'lxsuhn;ª\u |x …;fd' lb |s5NsfÚsf] cfOtaf/ /f]Nkfsf]lnafªdf nf]sfk{0f ul/Psf] 5. k|ultzLn n]vs ;+3, lhNnfzfvf / f ] N k fn ] n f ]s fk { 0 fsfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] xf]. sfo{qmddf ;flxTosf/ 8L=aL=6 'x '/ f ]n ] uhn;ªu |xsf ]nf]sfk{0f u/] .

k|jf;L snd dn]l;ofn]!)^ hgf uhnsf/sfuhnx? ; +sng u/ L…;fd'lb|s 5NsfÚ uhn;ª\u|xk|sfzg u/]sf] xf] . sfo{qmddfuhnsf/ gf/fo0f lh1f;'n]uhn;ª\u|xsf] ;dLIff u/]sflyP . ;ª\u |xleq a;Gt3tL{du/ …cleif]sÚ / sdnljjz du/sf kfFr kfFr j6fuhnx? /x]sf] atfP .

k|n]; /f ]Nkfsf ;b:oczf]ss'df/ jnLsf] :jfutdGtJoaf6 ; '? ePsf ]sfo{qmddf 8L=jL= 6'x'/f], /d]z;'j ]bL, uf ]s0f { k 'g , 8Da/a'9fdu/, slj rfª lr/fu,df};d /f]sfdu/, O{Zj/L hL=Pd=,dfg l; +x lj=s=nufotn ]z'esfdgf dGtJo /fv]sf lyP. g]kfnsf w]/}h;f] lhNnfsfuhnsf/x? s [ ltleq

;d]l6Psf]n] Ps 7fpFsf] l;h{gfcsf ] { 7fp Fdf k 'Ug ] ;lhnf ]dfWod o; s[lt ePsf] ljrf/JoQm u/]sf lyP .

k|n];, /f]Nkfsf ;lrj b]jLu'?ªsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGgsfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf gjLgnf]rgdu/n] u/]sf lyP . pQms[lt dn]l;ofdf klg cfOtaf/g} ljdf]rg ul/Psf] cfof]hsn]hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

t:jL/÷dlxnfsf s'/f@)&! kf}if @( ut] d+unaf/

eb|uf]n M 6]lnlehg l;l/on eb|uf]n l6dn] /f]Nkfdf cfkm\gf] k|:t'lt b]vfPsf] 5 .k|:t'lt lbFb} eb|uf]n l6dsf snfsf/x? . tl:j/M gjLg nf]rgdu/

Ps 3/, Ps rkL{ /f]Nkfjf;Lsf] ;fg,;/;kmfO{o'Qm lhNnf xfd|f] klxrfg

rkL{ :jf:Yosf nflu, rkL{ ljsf;sf nflurkL{ OHht, k|lti7f, cfTd;Ddfg / >i7fsf nflu

To;}n],

of] cj:yfaf6 d'Qm eO{ :j:y, zfGt, ;d[4 / k|ltli7t hLjglhpg 3/–3/df rkL{ lgdf{0f u/L To;sf] ;b'kof]u u/f}+ .

;g\ @)!% leq /f]NkflhNnfnfO{ v'nf lb;fd'Qm

lhNnf 3f]if0ff u/f}+ .

/d]z ;'j]bL -;j–l8lehg k|d'v_

Pjd\ vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{;j–l8lehg sfof{no /f]Nkf

;+ljwfgdf xfd|f] d'2fnfO{ :yflktu/fpg bjfj lbO/x]sf 5f}+

; + l jw f g l gd f { 0 fs f ];do; L d f g lh ls Ps f ]a ]n f bnx? s f ]x L;8sdf sf ]x L ;/sf/df5g\, du/ ljBfyL { ;+3n];/sf/ of ;8s s;sf];dy{g u5{ <

du/ ljBfyL { ;+3dfcfj4 ;fyLx? s'g} g s'g}bnsf eft[ ;+u7gdf klgcfj4 5g \ . ; +ljw fglgdf { 0 fsf ;jfndf xfd| f ]dfunfO{ s;/L ;Daf]wg ug{;lsG5, ;+ljwfgdf xfd| f ]cl:yTj sxfFg]/ x'G5 eGg];jfndf bjfj tyf kxnul//x]sf 5f} + . l;+uf] du/ljBfyL{ ;+3g} Tof] bjfjd"nssfddf nflu/x]sf] 5 eg]kf6L{df cfj4 ;fyLx?n] klgkf6L{dfkm{t\ Tof] bjfj lbO/x]sf5f} + . jf:tljs s'/f hf ]hxf Fa f6 ePklg du/sf ]Oltxf; :yflkt u/fpgsf

nflu cfGbf]ng hf/L 5 .; +3 Lotfsf ;jfndf s ]xLbnx?df sdhf]/ OR5fzlQmb]lvPsf]n] To;sf] bjfjsfnflu xfdL clxn] ;8sdf5f}+ . x/ ]s I f ]qdf dlxnfn fO {k l5 k f l / Ps f ] cj:y fd fdu/ l jB fy L { ; +3d fdl xnfx?sf ] pk l :y lt /lqmofzLntf w]/} b]lvG5, of]lqmofzLntfnfO{ lb3{sflng

?kd} :yflkt agfP/ n}hfgs] kxn ul//xg'ePsf] 5 <

clxn] du/ ljBfyL {n]dfq } dlxnfnfO{ lqmofzLntf

agfsf] x}g . xfd|f] Oltxf;b]lvg} dlxnfnfO{ a9L ;xeflutfagfpFb} cfPsf] Oltxf; 5,cGo hf ltsf ] ;d 'bfosf;jfndf xfd|f] ;d'bfo k/fk"j{ssfnb]lvg} km/flsnf] 5 .k"vf{b]lv g} xfd|f a'jfcfdfx?a/fa/ ?kdf rlncfPsf x'g\. To;sf/0f, xfd|f] ;+3n] klglg/Gt/tf lbPsf] dfq} xf] .dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] of] k|lqmofa9\g ;S5 t/ 36\g] 5}g .

dlxnfnfO{ x/]s s'/fdf cu|;/agfpg] / a9 L eGbf a9Lk|fyldstf lbg] xfd|f] lb3{sflngp2]Zo xf] .

du/ ; +3 leq } k lgdlxnfx?nfO{ g ]t [TjbfoLe"ldsfdf k'¥ofpgsf nflu;+3sf] kxn s] 5 < tkfO{sf]cfkm\gf] k|of; s] 5 <

d 'Vo s '/ f du/;+3leq dlxnf / k'?if eg]/5'6\ofPsf] 5}g . ljwfgd}+] %)k| ltzt dlxnf k'?if eg]//flvPsf ] 5 . ljut b 'O{jif{b]lv dlxnfx?n] g]t[TjlnPsf] ;j{lal4t} 5 . d]/f]JolQmut k|of; eg]sf] dlxnf/ k'?if ;dfg g} xf] . casf]Ps jif{kl5 s]Gb|Lo e]nf x'g]5. o;kl5 d}n] dfq} xf]O{g dkl5 cfpg] dlxnfn] klgg ]t [Tjb fo L e " ldsf lng;S5g\ . Tof] k|of; d}n] klgu/]sf] 5' eg] c?n] klg u/]sf5g\ . c?sf] ;+u7gh:tf]xfd|f]df x'Fb}g . Psn] csf]{nfO{;xof]u ug]{ s'/fdf v'n]/} u5f}+{. Toxf F d lxnf / k '?i feGg];Fu ;/f]sf/ x' Fb}g . du/ l jB fy L { ; +3s f ]lj:tfl/t e ]nf x' Fb }5 s]5 of] e]nfsf] Ph]08f <

xf], df3sf] !^ / !&ut] bfªdf xfd|f] lj:tfl/te]nf x'Fb}5 . vf; u/]/ xfdLn]p7fPsf Ph]08f eg]sf] du/ljBfyL{n] clxn] aGb} u/]sf]; + ljwfgdf cfkm \g f ]c l:yTjsf ;fy } ; +3 Lo;+ljwfg xfd|f] klxrfg eg]/gf/f g} lnP/ cl3 al9/x]sf5f } + . To;sf ] ;Daf]wgsfnflu /fHo / bnx?nfO{bjfj lbg] g} xfd|f] Ph]08f x'G5. / cfGt l/s ; +u7g; 'b [ l9s/0 fsf ] s' / f k lga}7sdf p7 \g ]5 . ;+3LolzIff nfu' ug'{kg]{, ax' eflifs

du/ ljBfyL{;+3 / o;sfcfufdL sfo{sf;fy} JolQmuthLjg;Fu;DalGwt /x]/xfd|f k|ltlglw ;'sddu/n] g]kfn du/ljBfyL{ ;+3 s]Gb|Lodlxnf pkfWoIf3gL 3tL{du/;Fuug'{ePsf]s'/fsfgL====

d f3 ]; +q m f l G t g lhscfO;Sof ], s;/L dgfpg]Knfgdf x'g 'x 'G5 <

of ] ;+q m f l Gt xfd | f ]k'Vof} {nL kj{ xf] . ljz]ifu/Lo;a]nf vfglkgb]lv gfrufg/dfOnf] u/L dgfOG5 . d]/f]klg ToxL ;f]+r 5 .xh'/sf ] pd]/ k 'u ]sf ] 5}gls, k'u]/ klg ljx] gefsf] <

xf==xf== ;fob, ljx]s}nflu pd]/ ;f]Rg'ef xf]nf, of]t cfheGbf kfFrjif{ klxn] g}k'/} k'u]sf] xf] .cfkm\g} pd]/sf ;fyLx?n]aRrf b f ] ¥o fp Fb } lx8 ]s f ]b]Vbf tkfO{nfO{ cfdf aGg]/x/ nfUb}g <

xf = =xf = = d vf;u/ LgxfF:g] dfG5] x' F . t/ lg k|Zgn]x;fof] . of] pQ/df ;a}nfO{/x/ x'Gg t elGbg .

ljx] ug]{ pd]/ t % jif{klxNo} k'u]sf] xf]

tkfO { slta]n f v'zLsf ]dxz'; ug '{x 'G5 <

hlta ]nf r fx ]s f ] /p2]Zocg'?ksf] sfd ;kmnx'G5 .olb df3 * leq ;+ljwfgcfPg eg] <

cfPklg ;a}sf ]cl:yTj / clwsf/ aRg]cfpFb}g xf]nf . cfPg eg]emg\ b]zsf ;a} pTkLl8t ju{,;d 'b fon ] Psk6s gof Flz/af6 pTs[i6 cfGbf]ng u5{Tof] klg g]kfn du/ ljBfyL{;+3 s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] g]t[TjNofpg] p2]Zo lnPsf 5f}+ .clwsf/sf] nflu n8\5f}+ .hLjgdf e'Ng} gx'g ] s'/fs]xL 5g\ sL <

afO{s b'3{6gf / b'O{k6s uf8Lsf] b'3{6gfdf k/]sf]5' .

3gL 3tL{du/ dlxnf pkfWoIf, g]kfn du/ ljBfyL{ ;+3 s]=;=o; sfof{nosf] ;xsf/L v]tL, ;fgf l;rfO{ tyf dn aLp9'jfgL sfo{qmdsf] cf=j= @)&!÷&@ sf] jflif{s l:js[tsfo{qmdcg';f/ ;xsf/L v]tLdf cfwfl/t ;fgf l;rfO{, ;xsf/Ll:sd ;~rfng tyf ;fgf l;rfO{ lgdf{0f tyf dd{t / Knfli6skf]v/L lgdf{0f ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf]dfKnfli6s kf]v/L lgdf{0f ;DaGwL s'g} klg s[ifs ;d"x, s[lif;xsf/Lx?af6 pQm cfof]hgf dfu eO{ gcfPsf] xF'bf of];"rgf k|sflzt ldltn] yk !% lbgsf nflu k'gM of] ;"rgf;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no /f]Nkfsf]h?/L ;"rgf

lgj]bg ;fy ;+nUg x'g'kg]{ sfuhftx?

!= s[ifs ;d"x tyf ;xsf/Lsf] btf{ k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL@= k|lt cfof]hgf ? !)) b/n] /fhZj hDdf ug'{kg]{#= cfof]hgfsf] df]6fdf]6L nfut O{li6d]6 s[ifs ;d"x, s[lif;xsf/Ln] / lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] Aoxf]g]{ /sdsf]5'6\6f 5'6\6} ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg]{$= s[ifs ;d"x, s[lif ;xsf/Lsf] sfo{qmd dfu ;DaGwL lg0f{osf]k|ltlnlk%= ;xsf/Lsf] ;Gbe{df s[lif If]qdf sfo{ u/]sf] k|df0fkq k]zug'{kg]{^= ;DalGwt s[lif ;]jf s]Gb| tyf uflj;sf] l;kmfl/z kqcGo lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nfluM glhssf] s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|

jf lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodf jf 6f]n lk|m g++=!^^)*^$$$$$ df ;Dks{ /fVgx'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

lszf]/ k|;fb kGt al/i7 s[lif ljsf; clws[tlhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no /f]Nkf

afFsL k[i7 & df

dhb'/ ;/f ]sf/ ;dfh/f]Nkf cGt{utsf] b]p;Le}nf];d"xn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] a[xt;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd ;DkGgePsf] 5 . xfF:o snfsf/x?ch'{g l3ld/] kfF8] Pjd\ s'df/s6\6 ]n lhu|L a | f ] nufoteb|uf]n 6]ln>[ª\vnfsf cGosnfsf/x? afx 'g 8g /atf; ]sf ] ;d ]t ;xef lutf/x]sf] ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmddflhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgaf6bz{sx?sf] cf ]O {/ f] nfu]sf]lyof] .

pBf ]u a f l0 fHo ; +3/ f ] Nk fsf ] xndf ePsf ]s fo {q mddf k |d 'v cltlydhb '/ ;/ f ]s f/ ;dfhsfcu'jf k|;fb a'9f Pjd\ s]Gb|Lo

cfdlGqt snfsf/x?n] ;+o"Qm?kdf Aofg/ vf]n]/ pb\3f6gu/]sf x'g\ . sfo{qmddf g]kfnLsf Fu | ];sf lhNnf ;efk lts [ i0faxfb '/ 3tL {du/n ]z'esfdgf dgtAo lbg'eof] .o:t} ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/Lsfo f {nosf k |d 'v Pjd \k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf lyof]eg] ;flxTosf/, snfsf/ Pjd\kqsf/x?sf] ;d]t ;xeflutflyof] . xndf ufpF ufpFaf6

cfPsf ;of}+ bz{sx?sf] le8nfu]sf] lyof] . cfof]hssfcg';f/ l6s6 z'Ns cg';f/leqofO{Psf bz{sx?nfO{ xnck'u ePsf] eGb} lkmtf{ ;d]tuPsf 5g \ . sfo {q mdsf ]; +o f ]hg dhb ' / ;/ f ]s f/;dfhsf ltns k'gn] ug'{ePsf]lyof] . eg] sfo{qmddf :yfgLoPjd \ s ] Gb | Lo :t/sfsnfsf/x?sf ] ;f + :s[ ltsk|b{zg /x]sf] lyof] .

à ;g:6f/ ;dfrf/bftf

Pp6f 3/df /ftL rf]/L eP5 . ef]lnkN6 k|x/Ln] rf]/klqmP5g\ / 3/wgLnfO{ va/ ul/lbP5g\ . 3/d'nLnf]Ug]dfG5] xtf/ xtf/ cfP5 / cfkm\gf ;fdfg klxrfgug{ eGbf klg rf]/nfO{ e]6\g cft'/ eP5 .k|x/LM tkfOF cflQg' kb}{g . rf]/nfO{ xfdL s8f eGbf s8fsf/afxL ug]{5f}+ .3/d'nLM sf/afxLsf] s'/f xf]Og, dnfO{ t of] s'/f yfxfkfpg dg nfUof] ls d]/L :jf:gLn] ;'O{+s} gkfpg] u/L 3/leq s;/L l5¥of] olQsf jif{ e};Sof] d}n] sf]lz; u/]sf] .

ljljw @)&! kf}if @( ut] d+unaf/

à s]=jL= 8fFuL

afnljjfxsf] kl/efiff M c7f/jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sf afns jf aflnsfjLr x'g] ljjfxnfO{ afnljjfx elgG5. c7f/ jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sf afns /aflnsf cfkm}n] /fhLv'zLn] cyjfcfdfa'jf jf cleefjssf] l:js[ltdfljjfx u/] eg] klg To:tf] ljjfxnfO{afnljjfx g} dflgG5 .

afnljjfxn] zfl//Ls cj:yfkl/kSj geO{ of}g ;Dks{df ;l/sx'Fbf ;fg} pd]/df cfkm\gf] OR5f /rfxfgf ljkl/t ;Gtfg pTkfbg ug]{kl/l:ylt ;[hgf x'g'n] aflnsfsf]zfl//Ls dfgl;s Pj+ dgf];fdflhscj:yf k|lts'n eO{ afNofj:yf g}u'dfpg'kg]{ cj:yf cfpF5 .

jfNoj:yfd} ljjfx u/L kltkTgL ePsf s]6fs]6Lsf] pd]/ a9\b}uPkl5 kl5Nnf] ;dodf dg gldNg;S5 . rfxfgf / ;f]r km/s x'g;S5g\ . ;f]lx sf/0f ax'ljjfx ug]{;Defjgf a9]/ hfG5 . s]6fsf] lzIff,wg, ;DklQ cflbsf ] nf ]edf sdpd]/sf] aflnsfnfO{ lgs} al9 pd]/sf]

k'?if;Fu ljjfx ul/lbPsf] pbfx/0fb]Vg ;lsG5, al9 pd]/sf] k'?ifn]k lxNo } o f }g ;Dks {df ;xefuLe};s]sf] x'g;Sg] ePsf]n] of}g /f]uaflnsfdf ;g{;S5 . sd pd]/ dfof}g ;Dks{df ;xefuL x'g', aRrfv]/ hfg', w]/} aRrfsf] hGdlbg', of}g/f]u nfUg' cflb sf/0fn] dlxnfsf]:jf:Yo l:ylt lju|g'sf ;fy} kf7]3/sf]SofG;/ ;d]t x'g;Sg] cWoogn]b]vfPsf] 5 .

afnljjfxsf ] k |ToIf c;/aflnsfx?sf] :jf:Yodf kb{5 .sltko cj:yfdf pgLx?sf ]csfndf g} d[To' klg x'g ;S5 .UNFPA n] u/]sf] Pp6f cWoogn]!% b]lv !( jif{ pd]/sf lszf]/Lx?sf]d[To'sf] Pp6f k|d'v sf/0f ;fg} pd]/dfue{jtL x'g' xf] eGg] tYo k|:t't u/]sf]5 . o:t} @) jif{df ljjfx ePsfdlxnf eGbf !%jif{ pd]/ gk'Ub} ljjfxePsf lszf]/Lx? uef{j:yfdf jfaRrf hGdfpFbf dg]{ ;Defjgf kfFru'0ff al9 x'G5 .

UNFPA sf] csf] { cWoog;g\ -@))$_ n] ;fg} pd]/df of}g;Dks{/fVg' / aRrf hGdfPsf sf/0fdlxnfx?sf ] cfª v:g] u/ ]s f ]b]vfPsf] 5 .

hg;+Vof tyf :jf:Yo ;j]{If0f@))^ cg';f/ @) jif{ pd]/ k'u]sLcfdfn] hGdfPsf] aRrf hlGdgf;fy/ % jif{ gk'Ub} dg]{ ;Defjgf sl/jbf ]Jj/ a9L x'G5 . @) jif{eGbfcl3sf] pd]/sf] ue{wf/0fn] aflnsfsf]:jf:Yodf ulDe/ hf] lvd cfpg;S5 . ljjfx k"j {sf ] ue{ePdfgsf/fTds ;fdflhs kl/0ffdx? j]xf]g'{k5{ . o;sf ;fy} @) jif{ klxn]ue{jtL ePdf OSnfDkl;of -uef{j:yf/ ;'Ts]/Ldf d'5f{kg]{ ;d:of_, sdtf }nsf ] lzz' hlGdg], ;doeGbfcufl8 lzz' hlGdg] x'g;S5 . @)jif {;Dd aflnsfsf ] j [l4 ljsf;eO/xg] ePsf] ]n] k'¶fsf] xf8 k'/fljsf; eO{ g;Sg] ePsf]n] aRrfhlGdbf k'¶fsf] xf8df lzz'sf] 6fpsf]l5g{ ;Sb}g . o;a]nf aRrfsf]6fpsf]n] cfdfsf] d'qy}nL cfGb|fcflbdf lyr]/ of}gLdfu{df Kjfn -lk:r'nf_ eP/ of]gL dfu{af6 lb;flk;fj aflx/ cfpg] x'g;S5 .afnljjfxnfO{ afnaflnsf dfly ul/g]

lx+;f tyf zf ]if0fsf ?kdf lng;lsG5 . t/ xfd|f] ufpF ;dfhdfafnljjfx klg ;dfhsf k |yf jfk/Dk/fsf ?kdf /lx cfPsf] 5 .o;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg'k5{ eGg] ;f]rfO{cem} klg sfod /x]sf] kfOG5 . o:tf];f]rfO{ / Jojxf/ ;+ljwfg tyf sfg'gljkl/t x'G5 .

d'n'sL P]g @)@) -ljjfxjf/Lsf]dxn_ df afnljjfx u/] u/fPdf ;f]ug] { u/fpg] dWo] pd]/ k'u]sfnfO{;hfo x'g] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . !)jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sL aflnsfsf] ljjfxu/] u/fPdf ^ dlxgfb]lv # jif{;Dds}b / ! xhf/ ?lkof b]lv !) xhf/?k}of;Dd hl/jfgf . !) jif{ eGbfdfly / !$ jif{ gk'u]sL aflnsfsf]ljjfx u/] u/fPdf # dlxgfb]lv !jif{;Dd s}b / % xhf/ ?k}of hl/jfgf. !$ jif{ eGbf dfly !* jif{ gk'u]sLlszf ]/Lsf] ljjfx u/ ] u/fPdf ^dlxgf;Dd s }b j f !) xhf/?k}of;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo .;+/Ifssf] dGh'/Lljgf @) jif{ pd]/gk'u]sf k'?if jf dlxnfsf] ljjfx u/]u/fPdf ^ dlxgf;Dd s}b jf !) xhf/?k}of ;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfox'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

Ps cWoogcg';f/ ljZjdf!%–!( jif{ ;d"xsf % s/f]8 !)nfveGbf a9L lszf]/Lx?sf] ljjfxePsf] cg'dfg ul/G5 . ;g @))%df blIf0f Pl;ofdf dfq $* k|ltzt -sl/j !) nfv_ lszf]/Lx?sf] ljjfx!* jif{ eGbf sd pd]/d} ePsf] lyof]. g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lj=;= @)^$ sf]Ps cWoogcg';f/ g]kfndf sl/j#$ k|ltzt ljjfx !% jif{ gk'u]sfafnjflnsfsf] ePsf] tYofÍ 5 .

;g\ @)!! sf] hgu0fgfcg';f//f]Nkfdf %( k|ltzt afnljjfx ePsf]kfOPsf] 5 . To;dWo] &$ k|ltztcfkm} afnljjfx u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

a fn ljjfxj f6 pTkGg;d:ofsf] lb3{sflng ;dfwfg ug]{p2 ] Zosf ;fy dlxnf tyf

;dfhdf afnljjfxePsf ljleGg uflj;dWo]/fª\sf]6 uflj;df @ b]lv %xhf/ ;Dd hl/jfgf /Xjfdf uflj;df !% xhf/;Dd hl/jfgf u/L s]zldnfOPsf] j'lemG5 .sf]rf{afªdf afnljjfx ug]{hf]l8nfO{ ljBfnodflgisflzt ug]{ lg0f{oePsf] a'lemG5 . xfn}lnafª g=kf=df ePsf] afnljjfxdf cfdf ;d"xn] afnaflnsfsf] pd]/ !* jif{gk'Ubf;Dd aflnsfdfOtdf / afns cfkm\g}3/df /xg] / cWoogsfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg'kg]{lg0f{o ul/Psf] a'lemG5 .

lbk]z k'g

d}n] w]/} g]tfb]lv sfo{stf{;Dd b]v]sf] 5' cfGbf]ngdf xfdL OdfGbf/ sfo{stf{x?nfO{;8sdf em08f af]Sg k7fpF5g\ cfkm" kl/jf/ ;fyLefOx?;Fu sf]7fdf l6eL x]b}{ kmf]g ub}{s] 5 eg]/ ;f]W5g\ < o:tf k|j[lt ePsf ;a}nfO{ lrlg/fVg'k5{ . cfpg'xf]; xfdL;a}Psk6s ;8sdf nfn em08f af]s]/ p7f}+ . xfd|f] ljhosf] ofqfnfO{ b'lgofFsf] s'g}zlQmn] /f]Sg ;Sb}g .

;fjwfgM km];a'ss} sf/0f s}of}+ dfG5] h]ndf k'u]sf 5g\ To;}n] km];a'sdf cl:nnkmf]6f] /fVg], ufnL a]OHhtL ug]{ tyf o;sf] b'?kof]u tkfO{ klg ul//xg'ePsf] t 5}g< ofb ug'{xf];\, olb To;f] ul//xg'ePsf] 5 eg] tkfO{ u}/sfg'gL sfd ub}{ x'g'x'G5 .

afnaflnsf sfof{no, lhNnf afnsNof0f ;ldlt, lh=:jf=sf, lhlj;,uflj;, o'PgPkmlkP, x]Nykm/ nfOkmcflb sfof{no / ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?n]……xfdL ;j} ldnL jgfpF, afnljfx d'Qmufp F Æ eGg ] g f/ f ;u} cleofg;~rfng ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 .

afnljjfx Go"lgs/0fsf nflulhNnfn] lg0f{o u/]tf klg ufpF ufpFdfcleofg ;~rfng Jojl:yt ?kdfx'g ;s]sf] 5}g eg] afnljjfx ePsfhf]l8sf] ljjfx btf{ klg uflj;n] ub}{cfPsf] b]lvG5 . To:t} afnljjfxePdf d]nldnfk u/L ljjfxnfO{j}wflgs agfPsf] kfOG5 .

;dfhdf afn ljjfx ePsflj leGg uflj; dWo ] / fªsf ]6uflj;df @ b]lv % xhf/;Dd hl/jfgf/ Xjfdf uflj;df !% xhf/;Ddhl/jfgf u/L s]z ldnfOPsf] j'lemG5. sf]rf{afª uflj;df afnljjfx ug]{hf]l8nfO{ ljBfnodf cWoog ug{jf6jl~rt u/L ljBfnoaf6 lg:sflztug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] a'lemG5 . xfn}lnafª g=kf=df ePsf] afn ljjfxdfcfdf ;d"xn] afn aflnsfsf] pd]/!* jif{ gk'Ubf;Dd aflnsf dfOtdf/ afns cfkm\g} 3/df /xg] / cWoogsfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg'kg] { lg0f{oul/Psf] a'lemG5 .

afnljjfx Go"lgs/0f ;DaGwLcGt/ lqmo fx? x/ ]s uf lj;sfufpFx?df :s'nx?df ;~rfng x'gcfjZos b]lvG5 afn ljjfx ePdf

ul/g] ;hfodf Ps ?ktf cfpg klgTolts} h?/L 5 . uflj; lhlj;,;+3;+:yfx?sf] jh]6 ufpF ufp Fdfsfo{qmd ;~rfng x'g] u/L ljlgof]lhtx'g ;Sg'kb{5 . afn ;d"xsf] u7g6f]n 6f ]ndf / ljBfnox?df ug{;Sg'kb{5 . sfo{qmdx? sfuhL?kdfdfq ;~rfng gxf];\ eGgsf nflULufpFdf afn ;d"x / o'jf SnjnfO{kl/rfng u/L lhDd]jf/L lbg] /;xhLs/0fsf nflu :jf:Yo, lzIff,uflj;, ;+3;+:yfsf tflnd k| fKtsd{rf/L jf lj1 JolQmx?åf/f tflndlbg] jf ;xhLs/0f ug]{ Joj:yfldnfpg cfjZos 5 . o:tf] k2ltn]sfuhL ?kdf x'g] sfdnfO{ lgoGq0fug'{sf ;fy} ufpFsf >f]t ;fwg ljlxgo'jf Snj, jfn ;d"xnfO{ lbOPsf]lhDd]jf/Ln] pgLx?sf] sfd ug]{ 1fgl;kdf clej[l4 x'b} hfG5 . o;n]r]s P08 Jofn ]G;sf] ;fy } afnaflnsfsf] ljsf; / ;zlQms/0fdf;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;S5 .

afnljjfxnfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug{]sfo{qmdsf ;fy} afnjflnsfdf w'd|kfgdWokfg ;]jgnfO{ lg?T;flxt u/L k"0f{tlgif]w ug]{ cleofg ;Fu;u}F n}hfg]sfo{qmdx? to x'g'kb{5 . @) jif{;Ddsf afnjflnsfnfO{ clgjfo{ lzIffcfh{g ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/ ug{ ;Sg'kb{5. ;fy} afnjflnsfnfO{ >ddf nufpggkfOg] Joj:yf ug{;s] afnjflnsfsf]eljio pHjn x' 'g 'sf ] ;fy } afnclwsf/sf] ;+/If0f x'g ;S5 .

xflb{s >4f~hnL

/f]Nkf lhNnf lnafªgu/kflnsf j8f g+ ( ltlqsf]6 lgjf;L t'sdfg lai6sf] oxLldlt @)&! ;fn kf}if @* ut] ljxfg & ah]sf] ;dodf %* jif{sf] cNkcfo'd}ePsf] b'vb\ lgwgn] xfd|f] kl/jf/ zf]sdUg ePsf] 5 . b'Mvsf] o;38Ldf lbj+utcfTdfn] :ju{df af; kfcf];\ eGb} xflb{s >4fGhnL ck0f{ ub{5f} + . ;fy} pxfFsf]clGtd sfhlqmof olx ldlt @)&! ;fn df3 !) ut]sf lbg x'g] ePsfn];Dk"0f{ cfkmGthg, efO{aGw', O{i6ldq, gftfuf]tf ;a}nfO{ ;xeflu e}lbg'x'gljgd| cfu|x ub{5f}+ .

cfof] 6Kk l6Kof] nUof] ldlt k'Uof] 6f/]/ 6b}{g Tof],O{Gb|} laGtL u?g em's]/ kydf t/ Tof] laGtL dfGb}g Tof] .

bfh'x? nId0f lai6, s[tdg lai6>LdtL s[i0ffb]jL lai65f]/f÷a'xf/L lrqaxfb'/ lai6÷t[i0ff lai6u0f]z lai6÷s[i0ff lai65f]/L÷h'jfO{ lkªdfnL /fjt÷s'df/ /fjtozf]bf s];L÷Clif/fd s];Ll6sf yfkf÷lrqaxfb'/ yfkfclDasf lai6

5f]/f tkm{sf gflt gfltgfx?sdn lai6, lbln;f lai65f]/Ltkm{sf gflt gfltgfx?k|sfz /fjt, kfj{tL /fjt, efjgf/fjt, ;Gtf]if s];L, lbks s];L,cla/n yfkf / lgzf yfkf

Pjd\ ;Dk"0f{ lai6 kl/jf/ ltlqsf]6 ( /f]Nkf

km]; 6s÷ljljw@)&! kf}if @( ut] d+unaf/

qm= ;+= b]z sDkgLsf] gfd sfdbf/sf] kb dfu ;+Vof sfd ug]{ ;do dfl;s tna vfgf a:g

!= dn]l;of On]S6«f]lgS; sDkgL hg/n js{/ !%) !! 3= !$)^ RM 5}g 5

@= Æ 6s r]Gb} kmf];{ ;]So'l/6L uf8{ (! !@ 3= !*)) RM 5}g 5

#= Æ PgP;s] ;'k/dfs]{6 hg/n js{/ !)% !! 3= !$)) RM 5}g 5

$= Æ /]i6'/]06 af/ j]6/ %) !! 3= !$)) RM 5 5

%= Æ Ujfn]s sG6«S;g x]Nk/ %) !! 3= !$)) RM 5}g 5

^= Æ kmlg{r/ x]Nk/ %) !! 3= !$)) RM 5}g 5

&= ;fpbL cn c/a n]a/ !%) !) 3= !$)) SR 5}g 5

*= Æ o"lg6 6«fG;kmd{/ x]Nk/ %) !) 3= !!)) SR 5 5

(= stf/ OG8f] c/a d]zg !%) * 3= !@)) QR 5}g 5

a}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu ;'j0f{ cj;/o; 6«i6 g]kfn cf]e/l;h k|f=ln= zfvf sfof{no bfªdf ljleGg b]zsf sDkgLx?af6g]kfnL sfdbf/sf] dfu eO{ cfPsf]n] ;SsnL /fxbfgL ;lxt ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf .

k'gZrM xfdLsxfF sfk]{G6/, d]zg, On]S6«Ll;og, knDa/, j]N8/, O:6Ln lkGr/sf] klgdfu eO{ cfPsfn] OR5's JolQmn] ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf .;Dks{M 6«i6 g]kfn cf]e/l;h k|f=ln= ljlkrf]s, s6x/af]6 3f]/fxL bfªl;wf ;Dks{M ;dL/ If]qL -(*$!&&##@@_ /f]Nkfsf nflu s'lj/ v8\sf -(*)^!($(@@_;'lnrf}/sf nflu uDeL/ a'9f -(*%&*@@!^^_

lnafª lgjf;L:yfgLo eujtL sFj/;Fu

;Gr} x'g 'x 'G5 <;Gr} 5', sxfF dg'{ / s7} sfn} gcfO{sg .a]n'sLlt/ lgs} zf:q, syf, r'6\sLnfx? xfNg'x'G5 /]lgs} hfGg'efsf] 5 Sof xf] <lsg ghfGg' d To;} a'9f] efsf] x'Dnf / 3fdn] klg lbgn]klg a'9f] efsf] dfG5], hfGof 5' lg d]/f] ds} 5f]8fpg] lbgcfof] eg] d ;a} syfx? egdnf xf==xf==xf ]O{g skfn t ;]t } km'n]sf] 5 t/ ufnf Tolt rfp/Lk/ ]sf ] klg 5}g slt jif{ x'g'eof] <xf==xf== xf] Sof x'g klg d h:tf a8\8Lx? clxn] d]sckug]{ xf] eg] ev{/sf t?gL b]lvG5g\ dtf plxn] s';f/ k/]/xf] o:tf] efsf] w]/} t xO{g efgL ^! jif{ tf k'u] x} .xfd|f ] b ]zsf g ]tfx? h:t} tkfO{ klg ev{/ } o 'jf tx'g'efsf] /}5 lg x} <a[4feQf vfO{/f5' vfgnfO{ tf efgL t?gLx?;Fu ePeg]t?gL, a'9Ldfp;Fu ePeg] a'9L To:t} xf] d tf g afnv ga'9f] .dg t slxNo} a'9f] x'Gg /] x} < lrl6Ss} ;f8L nufP/sfnf] d]xGbL nufP/ lxF8 \g ';\ g <xf] s] x'g klg, lrl6Ss} kg]{ xf] eg]tf s] sf] sd b]lvdnf/ xfF;f]sf] s'/f kf] eof] / lbgtf uO{of] 8fF8f dfly .tkfO{sf ] >Ldfg laTg'efsf ] slt ;do eof ] <d]/f s]6f6L ;fgf y] plta]n} laltu] a'9f] tf clxn] !! jif{hlt eof] ls eG5' Sof/ .5f]/f5f]/ L slt 5g\ tkfO{ ;Fu} t 5}gg\ gL <d ;Fu 5}gg @ efO{gf dx]Gb|gu/ 5g\ Pp6f ljb]z 5,Pp6f 5f]/Lsf] lax] eO{of] . cfkm";Fu sf] x'G5 / cfkm"tf csf{3/df a:of 5' . o:t} tf xf] .csf{sf ] 3/df a:g'eGbf cfkm \gf ;Gtfg;Fu a:g dgnfUb }g <nfu]/ s] ug]{ cfkm"n] hGdfsf]n] x]nf u/] . csf{sf] 3/dfguP/ csf{sf] sfd gu/]/ vfg k'Ub}g . d]/f] sd{ o:t} /}reGof] lxGof] .b'Mv kbf{ s;nfO{ ;lDemg' x'G5 clg ;a} eGbf a9Lsf ]dfly l/; p7 \5 <eujfgnfO{ ;lDemg] xf] b'Mv kbf{ t . cfkm\g} sd{ o:t} /}reg]/ xfGof] o:t} tf xf] eGof] cln cln a'9f]nfO{ l/; p7\5c?tf To:t} x'g\ .plxn] hdfgf /fd|f] lyof] /] x} < s:tf ] nfU5 <xf] t plxn] slt ;:tf] Yof] clxn] t dxª\uf] s]xL 5'gklg ;lsGg ufF7] . plxn] t d}n] b'O{ ?lkofdf 9\of/L uy]{cfdfn] tLg ?lkofdf uy]{ clxn] tf slt xf] slt eGg};lsGg .cIf/ lrGg'x'G5 < k};f uGg cfpF5 ls gfO{ <s] sf] cIf/ lrGg] stf stf b]Vbfv]/L lrGof h:tf] nfU5plxn] Pp6f dfG5Ln] !@ jif{ /fdfog k9\of] l;tf s:sL hf]O{eGYof] /] To:t} xf] dnfO{ klg clg k};f tf xftdf ePtf uGg]x'GYof] geP/ kf] t xf== xf==plxn] :s'ndf k9fpb }gy ] afp cfdfn ] < ls ghfg'efsf] xf] tkfO{ <cxF sfF k9fpnfg\ xfdLnfO{ plxn]tf v/Lkf6Ldf lgufnsf]snd agfP/ n]Vy] dnfO{ tf Ujfnf rxfy]{ sfF k9\g] kl5k|f}9lzIff eGg]n] k/fsf] dnfO{tf  . g afp afh]n] k9] g d}n] .plta]nf lgs} tGg]/L a:g'x'GYof] / ] x} < cln slnnf]dfG5] vf]h]/ kf]O{n ufsf] eP cfh lgs} ;'v x'g]lyof]eGg] nfUb }g slxn]sf Flx <nfu]/ s] ug]{ nfUof xf] kf] . d]/f] sd{n] /fd|f] x]/ ]g .plta]nf hd9Nn} nf]e nfUg] kf] y] d tf sd{ klg o:t} afpcfdfn] dfu]/ lax] ul/b]sf] 7fpFdf kf]O{ dl/uf] kl5 km]/L csf]{;Fuefu]/ lax] u/]sf] Tof] klg dl/uf] b'O{6} kf]O{ dl/u] v} af] .lhGbuL s] h:tf] nfU5 <s] x'g' b'Mv tf xf]nf .lthsf ] uLt lgs} ufpg'x'G5 b'Mv s} uLt dfq} eP/ xf]ls Sof xf] <xf==xf== hfGof 5' t} cln cln t b'Mv ;'v ;Aa} 5kSs}nfpg] ;f/L a/Ln} .tkfO{ hLjgdf rfx]/ klg ug{ g;s]sf ] s] xf] <s] x'g' ;'vl;t a:g ;lsg o:t} u/]/ efUo km'6\of] lhGbuLlaTg]tf xf]nf .

!= jflif{s cfDbfgLsf] slDtdf klg #% k|ltzt /sd ljkGg -dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt_ sf nflu nlIftsfo{qmddf kl/rfng ug]{ .@= jflif{s cfDbfgLsf] slDtdf @% k|ltzt /sd jg ljsf;df vr{ ug'{kg]{ .#= ;ldltdf cfDbfgLsf] slDtdf %) k|ltzt dlxgfsf] clgjfo{ Joj:yf .$= cWoIf / ;lrj dWo] Pshgf dlxnf x'g'kg]{ .%= ;d"xsf] cWoIf jf ;lrj / sf]iffWoIf ;lxt @ hgfsf] ;+o'Qm x:tfIf/af6 a}+s vftf ;+rfng x'g'kg]{ .To;dWo] Ps dlxnf clgjfo{ x'g'kg]{ .^= ?= @%,))) eGbf sd cfDbfgL x'g] pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;d"xn] tf]s]sf] JolQm jf ;ldltaf6 u/] k'Ug] .&= u/]sf sfdsf] slDtdf jif{sf] ! k6s ;fj{hlgs n]vf k/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ / pQm sfdubf{ / lg0f{o k|lqmofdfljkGg, dlxnf, blntnfO{ ;+nUg u/fpg'kg]{ .*= n]vfk/LIfs ;d"xsf] ;fwf/0f;efaf6 tf]lsg'kg]{ .(= ;fwf/0f;efaf6 :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd cg';f/ dfq pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] sf]ifsf] /sd vr{ ug]{ Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ .!)= ;ldltsf kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] dflg cfly{s clgoldttf ug]{ kbflwsf/L pk/ sfjf{xL ul/g]5 .!!= ofb /fVg'xf];\, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ljwfg cyjf jg sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f / ;Daf]wg, kl/dfh{gu/]jfkt ;d"xn] s'g}klg z'Ns ltg'{kb}{g, olb sf]xL s;}n] To;f] u/]sf] kfOPdf l;w} jg clws[t;Fu ;Dks{ /fVg;lsg]5 .

;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xx?n] hfGg}kg]{ s'/fx?M

;g:6f/ ;fKtflxs/f]Nkf

lhNnf jg clws[tlhNnf jg sfof{no /f]Nkf

hglxtsfnflu

;+:sf/ ===

lzIff nfu' ug'{kg]{ xfd|f] k|d'vPh]08f xf ] . / clxn]sf ];+ljwfgdf xfdLn] eg] h:tf];+ljwfg ePg eg] cfGbf]ngug]{ s'/fnfO{ d'Vo Ph]08fsf?kdf p7fPsf 5f}+ .cGtdf eGg'kg] { s]xL 5g\ls <

ca aGg] ;+ljwfg xfd|f]kIfdf aGg ;Sb}g To;}n ]hghflt cfdfa 'jf tyf u}/hghflt cfdf a'jfnfO{ ;r]t/xg cfu|x u5'{ . xfd|f] kIfdf,hgtfsf] kIfdf s;/L ;+ljwfgagfpg ;lsG5 eGg] s'/fdfulDe/ agfpg bnx?nfO{bjfj lbO/fv]sf 5f } + . of]bjfj cem} cfjZos 5 .;+ljwfg ag]g / xfd|f] dfusf];Daf ]wg ePg eg] ef ] lnh'g;'s} ;+3if{df klg xf]ldg;Sg]5f}+ To;}n] To;df ;a}sf];xeflutf / ;fy clgjfo{x'g'k5{ eGg] d]/f] wf/0ff xf] .

;+ljwfgdf xfd|f] ===

g[To :ynlt/ cf]ln{of}+, ;'/;f/eGgfn] ;'? x'g ] jfnf t/k|ltof]lutfsf] rfFxL xf]Og kmfNt'/dfOnf]sf] sfo{qmd /x]5 . d}n];f]r]sf] lyPF gfrufg Nonartificial x'G5 xf]nf eGg] t/d w]/} k'/fgf] dfG5] e} ;s]5',clxn]sf] hdfgfdf sxfF kfpg'Non artificial g[To x]g{ .Artificial g} /x]5, c?g}s;}n ] ufO{ lbPsf] uLtdf /ahfO{ lbPsf] afhfdf gfRg'dfqkg]{, slt ;lhnf] . o'u};'ljwfsf] cfO;s]sf] cj:yfxf] lg t . gfr ;'/;f/ dfq

ePg hdL g} ;Sof] egf} + g,ToxfF ePsf hlt ;a} gfRg'kg]{/x]5, ;lhnf], s;sf] g[Tos:tf] egL s;L nfpg} gkg]{ .g[To gfr, gfr g[To eGbf eGb}of] t 8fG; lt/ df]l8of] kf] t .;+:sf/ km]/abndf lz3|tf ePh:tf] dnfO{ cfef; eof] .

h 'g ;+:sf/ jf:tjdfl56f] kl/jt{g x'g'kg] { xf] Tof]l9nf] e}/x]sf] / h'g l9nf] x'g'kg] {xf] Tof] l56f] kl/jt{g x'g]u/]sf] nIf0f rf/}lt/ b]lvbf] 5. pbfx/0fsf nflu dlxnfk'?ifx?n] ug]{ sfddf kf/ikl/s;xef lutfsf ] ;+ :sf/

km]/abndf lz3|tf 5}g t/lzi6tf k"j{s gfr ufg x'g'kg]{;+:sf/df eg] gofkgn] lz3|tfkfpFbf] 5 . kl/jt{gnfO{ klg;Gt'ngdf ldnfpg' k5{ lseGg] dnfO nfu]sf] xf] . dflyk |:t 't ePsf ] j ft f {n fkdfdlxnfåf/f elgPsf ] s'/fdf3/df dlxnfn] k "/f ug'{kg] {bfloTj y'k|} ePsf] / To;af/]lrGtf lnPsf] a'l´G5 k'?ifaf6elgPsf] jfSof+zn] To;k|ltjf:tf gePsf] a'l´G5 .

gfRg] 7fFp, /dfOnf] x'g]7fpFaf6 xfdL kmls{of}+, af6fdfTo:tf] jftf{ ;'Gg kfOof] . sf]7fdf

k'u]/ ;'ltof] . laxfgL eof], p7of},d hf8f]d} eP klg aflx/ lgl:sPF/ b]v]F efF8f ;kmf ug]{ h'7]Ng'dfdfl g' kg]{ efF8fsf] /f; nfu]sf]lyof] / Tof] h'7]Ng'n] / h'7fefF8fs'F8fn] s'g} dlxnfnfO{ g}kv]{sf x'g\ eGg] d}n] a' ]F, nf]Ug]dfG5]n] h'7]Ng'sf efF8fs'F8f 5'g]5fDg], ;+:sf/ slxn] cfOk'Ug] <l56f] cfP x'g] lyof], d}n] ;f]Fr]dfq . lrof cfof], lrof lkof}+ t/Tof] klg xfdL k'?ifn] lunf; ;kmfug]{ w[i6tf u/]gf}+ . xfdL o;/Llau|bf5f}+ laufl/Fbf 5f}+, b]zsfg]tfx? lalu|P laufl/P h:t} clg;'tf{pF5f}+ ;+:sf/ km]l/Pg eg]/ .

pgn] atfO{g\ . cfkm"n] kf]zfseQf ;d]t gkfPsf]]n] tTsfnpknAw u/fO{lbg cg'/f]w ul/g\ .

:jf:Yo If]q ;'wf/sf]nflu eg]/ cfkm"x?n] lgs}d]x]gt u/]sf] ePklg ufpFsf/fhg}lts bnx?sf] g} PstfgxF'bf :jf:Yo If]q k|efjsf/Lx'g g;s]sf] pgsf] c'gej 5. df l;s kfpg ] elgPsf ]eQfklg gkfpFbf emdfnL h:t}pgL klg b'lv b]lvlG5g\ .emdfnL / lbns'df/L dfq xf]Ogefafªsf ( j6} j8fdf dlxnf:jod ;]jLsfsf] u'gf;f] p:t}5 . t/ ca eg] ToxfFsfdlxnf :jod ;]jLsfn] o;/Lu'gf;f] gug]{ ePsf 5g\ . k|To]sdlxgf kfO{/x]sf dfl;s eQfca lgoldt kfpg] ePsf 5g\eg] klxn]sf] eGbf al9 klgcfpg] ePsf 5g\ . klxn]sf]eQf sxfF /f]lsPsf] xf] To;sf]klg 5gljg ug]{ / ca klxn]sf]eGbf s]lx a[ l4u/L dfl;seQf lbg :jf:Yo ;+:y f;~rfng tyf Aoj:yfkg;ldltsf cWoIf bofaxfb'/a'9fdu/n] k| lta4tf hfx]/u/]kl5 dlxnf :jod ;]jLsfxlif{t ePsf 5g\ .

klxn] :jf:Yo ;+:yfdfkm{t eQf pknAw u/fO{Psf]n]lar}df x/fpg] ;d:of lyof]t/ ca eg] cfkm\g} xftaf6dlxnf :jod ;]jLsfnfO{ eQfpknAw u/fOg] cWoIf a'9fn]atfpg' eof] . a'waf/ efafªpk:jf:Yo rf} lsdf ul/Psf]

/ ]l8of] ax;df a'9fn] o:tf]k|lta4tf hgfpg' ePsf] xf] .klxn] @ ;o ?k}of lbg] ul/Psf]dfl;s eQf ca eg] $ ;opknAw u/fpg] a'9fn] atfpg'eof] . uflj; ;lrj ;d]t/xg'ePsf a'9fn] ufla;af6pknAw x'g] eQf cfkm"n] k|bfgu/ ]sf ] ePklg sd{rf/ Lsf ]nfk/jfxLsf sf/0f dlxnf :jod;]jLsf;Dd /sd k'Ug g;s]sf]atfpg' eof] . cfufdL lbgdfkf/bzL{ tl/sfn] ljt/0f ul/g];d]t k|lta4tf hgfpg' eof] .

nfdf] ;do;Dd kf]zfseQf gkfPsf dlxnf :jod;]jLsfn] cWoIf a'9fsf] of]lg0f{oaf6 lgs} xlif{t ePsf]atfPsf 5g\ . b'Mv u/L sfd

bofaxfb'/sf] === u/ ]klg kf l/>lds gkfp FbfpT;fxdf x|f; cfpg] u/]sf]eGb} cWoIfsf] of] lg0f{ok|lteg] ;Gt'i6 b]lvG5g\ .

;fy} aly{ª ;]G6/ ejglgdf {0 fsf nf lu /fhg} + ltsbnx? Ps x'g g;Sbf hUuf;d ]t vl/b x'g g;s]sf ]:yfgLox?n] u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\. bnx?s} sf/0f :yfgLo ;]jflngaf6 alGrt ePsf ]n ]tTsfn kxn ug{ bnx?nfO{cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ .

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no/ f ]N k f , x] Nk m / n fO { k msf ];fem]bf/Ldf ;~rflnt /]l8of]s fo {qmd hLjgsf n f lu:jf:Yo sfo{qmd cGt/ut:jf:Yo ;DaGwL /]l8of] a;x

sfo{qmddf o:tf] s'/f v'NgcfPsf] xf] . aly{ª ;]G6/sf]nflu lhlj;af6 /sd ;d]tljlgof]hg eO;s]sf] ePklgbnx?sf ] cem } ;lqmotfgb]lvPsf] pgLx?sf] egfO{ 5. Ps j6 f aly {ª ;] G6/lgdf{0fsf] nflu % /f]kgL hUufclgjfo{ x'g] atfOPsf] 5 .

pgLx?n] :jf:Yo ;+:yfaf6pknAwx'g] ;]jf ;'ljwf klg ;Gtf]ifhgs gePsf] u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\ .:jf:Yo ;+:yf ;dod} gv'Ng] %ah] ;Dd ;]jf k|afx ug]{ elgPsf]ePklg @ ah] g} aGb x'g] u/]]sf]:yfgLox?sf] egfO{ 5 . ;]jf lnghfFbf sd{rf/Ln] ?vf] Aojxf/ u/]sf]cf}ifwL klg kof{Kt dfqfdf gePsf]pgLx?sf] egfO{ 5 .

…;g:6f/ o'jf SnjÚ /f]Nkfsf nflu cWoIf k"0f{ s];Låf/f k|sflzt …;g:6f/ /fli6«o ;fKtflxsÚ;Nnfxsf/ M df};d /f]sfdu/, v]d a'9fdu/, uf}/Lls/0f 8f FuL, sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/ M clwjQmf xf]daxfb'/ yfkf, ;Dkfbs M r]tnfn sj/

sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M gjLg nf]rgdu/, ;x;Dkfbs M b]jL u'?ª, ;'lnrf}/ k|ltlglw M df]xg lu/Lsfof{no M lnafª–^, /f]Nkf, kmf]g g+= (*$&*&&^&@, O{–d]n M sunstarweekly@gmail.com, d'b|0f M lxdfnog ckm;]6 k|]; lnafª–^, /f]Nkf

à laB'tLo xfp; jfOl/ªsf ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx? cfjZostf cg';f/ yf]s tyf km'6s/ ;'ky d"Nodf kfOg'sf ;fy} bIf k|fljlwsåf/fxfp; jfOl/ª klg ul/G5 .à /fO{; s's/, cfO{/g, lds;/, km\ofg nufotsf ljB'tLo pks/0fx?sf] h8fg tyf dd{t ul/G5 .à ljB'tLo ld6/sf] nflu lgMz'Ns kmf/d el/G5 .à Ps jif{sf] Uof/]G6Lsf ;fy km/skm/s jf6sf l;PkmPn aNax? ljz]if 5'6df pknAw u/fO{G5 .à bIf cg'ejL k|lzIfsaf6 # dlxg] xfp; jfOl/ª ;DaGwL k|lzIf0fsf] ;d]t\ Joj:yf ul/Psf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ .

alnof], e/kbf]{ / ljZj;lgotfsf] nflu Psk6s xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ .

ljB'tLo ;fdfg rflxPsf] xf] < xfdL u5f}{+ tkfOFsf] rfxgf k"/f

;Dks{sf nflu k|fljlwsx?M g/axfb'/ 8fFuL df]afO{n g+ (*$&(!@))&,s]z/ ;'gf/ df]= (*$&(%!^^*, s[i0f u'?ª df]= (*$&**(&@!, k|f]= k[YjL/fh dx/f df]= (*$&**(^@$

;g:6f/ On]lS6«sN;nf]stflGqs rf]s lnafª /f]Nkf

xfd|f ;]jfx?M gful/stf kmf]6f], kmf]6f]skL, kmf]6f] :Sofg, n]ldg]zg,;a} k|sf/sf lukm\6 cfO6dx?, ljleGg lsl;dsf df]afOn ;]6x?,!! / !@ sf u|fd/, ;d/L, Bead I, II & III jif{sf ;d/L, Od]nOG6/g]6sf] ;'ljwf, uLt 8fpgnf]8 ul/g'sf ;fy} MRP kmf/d;:tf] b/df el/G5 .

tkfO{n] eg]s} h:tf] ;:tf] /

(*^ (@) *%

à :jR5 tyf tfhf df;'sf] nfluà nf]sn tyf a|f]On/, sf]On/ nufot ;Dk"0f{ hftsf s'v'/fnfO{ rflxg] EoflS;g, cf}ifwL, le6fldg ;'ky d"Nodf kfpgsf] nfluà s'v'/f kmd{df cfjZos bfgfkfgL v'jfpg] efF8fsf] nflu

s] tkfOFnfO{ df;' rflxof] <

l/NofS; k|m]; xfp;xfdLsxfF, a|f]On/ s'v'/fsf] tfhf df;' kfOg'sf ;fy} bfgf, rNnf kfOG5 .

l/NofS; g} lsg <

k|f]= /fh]Gb| cfrfo{, 6]lnkmf]g )*^–$$))$& lnafª–^, /f]Nkf% s]=hL= eGbf dfly df;' n}hfg]nfO{ ljz]if 5'6sf] Joj:yf

tkfOF c8{/ ug'{xf];\xfdL 3/d} k'¥ofOlbg]5f} + .

tfhf df;' vfO{l/NofS; ug]{] xf]Og <

Ps gh/ otf klg x} <

@)&! kf}if @( ut] d+unaf//f]=lh=k|zf=sf= btf{ g+= )^–)^(÷&)clGtdk[i7

cfpg'xf];\ xfdL tkfO{s} ;]jfdf ;dlk{t 5f}+ .

xfdLsxfF g]kfn 6]lnsdåf/f :jLs[t k|fKt gd:t], :sfO{, Pgl;onsf l;dsf8{ tyf l/rfh{ sf8{x? 6]lnsds}d"Nodf lalqmljt/0f ul/G5 . ;fy} ;fbf tyf /+uLg kmf]6f]skL, lk|G6, n]ldg]zg, Pdcf/kL kf;kf]6{sf kmf/d pknAw,dlN6sn/af6 n]6/ Kof8 t'?Gt} tof/ ul/G5 . u|fkmLS; l8hfO{gåf/f agfO{Psf] nf]uf]sf lrqx? gfO{ng 5fk,;]Nkm5fk, ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf lgj]bg tyf kmf/d, s[lif tyf kz'kfng ;d"xsf kmf/dtyf ljwfgx?, clkml;onkmfO{n, kmf]6f]k|]md, :6]zg/L ;fdfu|Lx? ;"ky d"Nodf kfOG5 .

lnafª–^, /f]Nkf

ca gof F kl/j]zsf ;fydf g]kfn 6]lnsdåf/f l8n/ :jLs[t

k|f]= nfnaxfb'/ ;'gf/df]afO{n (*$$()))$@,

(&$*%^(%^( g]kfn 6]lnsdtyf lhlj; hfg] af6f]

xfdLsxf F n]l8h, h]G; P08 aRrfsf nflu cfjZos cfw'lgskm];g]an, k"/fgf tyf gof F h'g;'s} k|sf/sf sk8fx? u|fxssf]

/f]hfO{cg';f/ eg]s} ;dodf tof/ ul/G5 . l56f] 5l/tf] tl/sfn]:k]zn l;nfO{ rflxPdf xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ .

u|fxssf] /f]hfO{ xfd|f] k|ltj4tf,km];g]an l;nfO{;Fu} cfof] ;'gufef

;'gufef 6]nl/ª P08 ;l6ª ;"l6ª ;]G6/;fTtfn]vf]nf lnafª /f]Nkf

k|f]= e/t kl/of/ df]afO{n (*^*^^)()!

df3 ! ut]b]lv & ut];Dd sf]6ufpF /f]Nkfsf] df3] ;+qmflGt ko{6g, s[lif tyf v]ns'b dxf]T;j @)&! sf] cj;/df s[lif,ko{6g, hn;|f]t, hl8a'6L, vlgh k|j{4g ug{sf nflu s[lif tyf v]ns'b dxf]T;j @)&! -dfl8rf}/ dxf]T;j_ cfof]hgful/Psf] 5 . pQm dxf]T;jdf ;xeflu eOlbg'x'gsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bn, ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf, kqsf/,v]nf8L, emfFsL ;d"x nufot ;a}nfO{ pkl:yltsf nflu xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}F .dxf]T;jsf] p2]ZoM– !_ o'jfx?sf] v]ns'b, JolQmTj ljsf; ug'{ . @_ ls;fgsf s[lifhGo pTkfbgsf] k|bz{g u/L pTkfbgdfk|a4{g tyf k|]l/t ug'{ . #_ cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6snfO{ cfslif{t ug{ k|fs[lts, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s / o'4 ko{6gsf] k|rf/–k|;f/ tyf k|a4{g ug'{ . $_ k/Dk/fut s[lif pTkfbg k|0ffnLnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f u/L Joj;flos agfpg' . %_ 3/]n' tyf ;fgfpBf]uaf6 pTkflbt ;fdfu|Lsf] k|rf/, k|a4{g tyf ahf/Ls/0f ug'{ . ^_ xf ]d:6]sf] k|rf/k|;f/ tyf k|a4{g ug'{ . &_ :yfgLoefiff, ;+:s[lt, e]ife'iffsf] klxrfg, ;+/If0f / k|a4{g ug'{ . *_ cfly{s ultljlw a9fP/ cfdgful/ssf] hLjg:t/ p7fpg' .*_ dgf]/~hg k|bfg ug'{ . (_ ljzif]1 8fS6/x?sf] pkl:yltdf :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;~rfng u/L cfd gful/ssf] :jf:Yodf;'wf/ Nofpg' . !)_ ;fdflhs ?9LjfbL ;+:sf/ ;+:s[ltnfO{ lj:yflkt u/L ;Eo ;+:s[ltsf] lgdf{0f ug'{ .

df3] ;+qmflGt ko{6g, s[lif tyf v]ns'b dxf]T;j–@)&! dfl8rf}/, /f]Nkf

v]nsf lgodx?M != ;Dk"0f{ l6dn] @)&! k'; #) ut] ;fFem % jh];Dd btf{ ul/;Sg'kg{]5 . @= vfgf tyf cfjf;sf] Joj:yf ;DjlGwtl6dn] g} ug'{kg{]5 . 8«]; clgjfo{ x'g'kg{]5 . #= v]nf8L ;+Vof l6d sf]r ;lxt elnjndf ( hgf /xg]5g\ . $= v]ndf s'g} ljjfb cfPdfcfof]hssf] lg0f{o g} clGtd lg0f{o x'g]5 . %_ v]n df3 ! ut]b]lv g} ;'? x'g ]5 .v]n k|ltof]lutfsf nflu M ;f]daxfb'/ 3tL{du/ ;Dks{ g+= (*$&**(()) k|sfz k'gdu/ M (&$*%@(#!$s[li f k|bz{gLsf nflu M !_ ds} @_ wfg #_ ux'F $_ sf]bf] %_ hf} ^_ cb'jf &_ e6df; *_ l;dL (_ cfn' !)_ lkF8fn' !!_ t?n !@_;'Gtnf !#_ sfutL !$_ df};d !%_ /fof] !^_ tf]/L !&_ sfpnL !*_ aGbf !(_ km;L{ @)_ s]/fnfO{ k|bz{gLdf ;xefuL u/fOg]5 . plrtk'/:sf/sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .dxf]T;jsf] k|d'v cfsif{0fx?M !_ dfl8rf}/ dxf]T;jdf ;xeflu xf]cf}F Û x]lnxf]K6/af6 :ju{åf/L, uf}d'vL, sf]7Lw'/L, hnhnf, wf}nflu/L,l;:g]nufotsf lxdz[ª\vnfsf] b[iofjnf]sg u/f}F . df3 @ / # ut]dfq p8fg ePsf]n] tkfO{n] cfkm\gf] l;6 ;'/lIft /fVg'xf];\ . l6s6sf] cu|Lda'lsª k'; !% af6 v'nf ul/Psf]5 . l6s6 z'Ns !% ldg]6sf] Kofs]6 &,))) . / #) ldg]6sf] Kofs]h !#,))) dfq . @_ dfl8vf]nfdfklxnf]k6s /f]df~rs ¥ofkml6ª ofqf . l6s6 a'lsª k'; !% af6 v'nf /xg]5 . k|lt l6s6 ?= @)) dfq .l6ss a'lsªsf] nfluM bLk]Gb|s'df/ k'gdu/ (*%&*@)&)), ;'/]Gb| yfkf 3tL{du/ (*%&*@@*%, dfgl;+x las (*%&*@@@&%,vs{axfb'/ k'gdu/ k|sfz (&%*%)#%&&, jL/axfb'/ 3tL{ -xfjf_ (*$$(!^!(@, efgaxfb'/ 3tL{du/ ;Djfb (*$!**&!(!#_ nf]sbf]xf]/L k|ltof]lutf . -df3 @ ut]af6_ $_ dxf]T;jsf] ;ft}lbg /fli6«o :t/sf snfsf/x?sf] k|:t'tL . %_ lhNnfsf /fhgLlts kf6L{ /sd{rf/LaLrsf] d}qLk"0f{ km'6an k|ltof]lutf . -df3 # ut]_ _ d}qLk"0f{ lqms]6 k|ltof]lutf . -df3 $ ut]_ &_ ;f/+uL, k}+;]?, e"Dof, ;f]/7L, l;+uf?,jg3f/L, emf}/fnufotsf :yfgLo gfFrx? . *_ xf]6n tyf cfsif{s xf]d:6]x? . (_ :yfgLo vfgfsf kl/sf/x?, ld7fO{, kmnkm"n / k]o kbfy{sf:6nx? . !)_ g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L lhNnf zfvf /f]Nkf;lxtsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf lgMz'Ns cfFvf lzlj/ . ljzif]1 8fS6/x?af6 lgMz'Ns:jf:Yo kl/If0f . !!_ Joj;flos s[lif tyf Jofkf/ cfof]hgf (Project For Agriculture Commercialization And Trade,PACT) sf] kl/rofTds sfo{qmd .

qm=;+= k|ltof]lutf k|yd k'/:sf/ l4lto k'/:sf/ t[tLo k'/:sf/ ;fGTjgf btf{ z'Ns! df8Lsk v'Nnf

cfdGq0f km"6an%) xhf/, sk,k|df0fkq

#) xhf/ kbs/ k|df0fkq

@) xhf/,k|df0fkq

!) xhf/ @ xhf/

@ v'Nnf cfdGq0fk'?if elnan

@% xhf/ sk,kbs, k|df0fkq

!) xhf/,k|df0fkq

% xhf/ ! xhf/

# v'Nnf cfdGq0fdlxnf elnan

!% xhf/ sk,kbs, k|df0fkq

% xhf/,k|df0fkq

% ;o!) xhf/,k|df0fkq

$ dflj :t/Lo xflh/Lhjfkm k|ltof]lutf

% xhf/ @ xhf/ % ;o# xhf/

k|ltof]lutf z'? ldltM @)&! df3 ! ut]b]lv . pb\3f6g M @)&! ;fn df3 @ ut] . ;doM lbp;f] !@ ah] . :yfgM df8Lrf}/ /f]Nkf

k|d'v cltlyM k'iksdn bfxfn …k|r08Ú -cWoIf_ PsLs[t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_

k|j4 {sM g]kfn ko{6g af ]8{, ldl8of kf6{g/M / ]l8of ] hnhnf (^=)$ d]ufxh{, /f]Nkf ;dfrf/ ;fKtflxs klqsf