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Done By:
Hisham Al-Essa
Nawaf Al-Mutairi
Mohnad Al-Shrif
.. .. ..
.. .. ..
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Content:
- Introduction.- Number of causalities of Car Accidents in
KSA & Riyadh.
- The causes of car accidents.- First Aid.
- Traumas in car accidents.
- Pevention.
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Do you know Every year more than 1.17 million
people die in road crashes around
the world
Many people are killed or disabled intraffic accidents.
Saudi Arabia has one of the worlds
worst records on road safety. Our economical losses due to traffic
accidents reach about SR 21 billion a
year?!
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One person is killed and eight
are injured every two hours onSaudi roads.
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Road traffic accidents affect road
users of all ages
http://images.google.com.sa/imgres?imgurl=http://www.arabic.arabia.msn.com/pidl/2413356/fat-baby000.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.arabic.arabia.msn.com/Women/mother44/&h=169&w=200&sz=6&tbnid=OHVQ7_pzFo2HZM:&tbnh=83&tbnw=99&hl=ar&start=4&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B3%25D9%2585%25D9%2586%25D8%25A9%2B%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dar%26lr%3D%26safe%3Dactive8/12/2019 2 Road Traffic Accidents(1)
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Who are most affected by R.T.A?drivers
passengers
pedestrianscyclists
motorcyclists
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Traffic accidents are moredangerous than other types ofaccidents e.g.
Industrial accidents
holiday, as at home
At Park
SportInjuries
At Work
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Road Traffic Accidents are managed
by Emergency Vehiclese.g. TrafficPolice and Ambulance
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Risk factor that cause accident
10.71%5.25%
10.05%
34.25%
11.00%
0.03%
28.70%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
%
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A Study of number of causalities of CarAccidents in KSAYears1424H261872
Record
Year1423H223816
Record
Year1422H305649
Record
DiedInjuredDiedInjuredDiedInjured
4293
30439
4161
28372
3913
28379
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A Study of number of causalities of CarAccidents in RiyadhYears 2003
48999 record
Years 2004
44681 record
Year 2005
37607 record
DiedInjuredDiedInjuredDiedInjured
39486339019611911308
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The causes for this increase intraffic accidents Aggressive driving behavior
such as high speed and not obeying
traffic signals , drinking , young
driver, old driver, seat belt not used.
Poor car maintenance, particularly the
tires and the brakes
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The causes for this increase in trafficaccidents cont.)
Disregard for warning, regulatory andguide signs erected to facilitate the
drivers' mission and safety of road
users.
The number of cars is increasing,
leading to more congested traffic.
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The causes for this increase in trafficaccidents cont.) Road conditions, including foreign
obstacles or substances on the road
surface, rain , ice, or snow making
the roads slippery .
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the Event of a Traffic Accident
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The ims of First id Preserve Life Prevent the condition getting worse
Promote recovery
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Your responsibilities as a FirstAider at Work are: Safety for yourself and other people
To perform the recognized and
approved First Aid techniques Keeping records and reporting in
accordance with local instructions
Keeping up to date with knowledgeand training
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The contents of a Health andSafety Executive HSE) approvedFirst Aid Kit are very basic: Dressings
Bandages
Eye Pads
Pins
Plasters
Pair of disposable gloves
Guidance Sheet
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he First ExaminationYour First Examination consists of 5
stages:D = Check for and deal with any Danger
R = Check patient's Response
A = Open the AirwayB = Check Breathing
C = Check Circulation
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First Aid for bleeding is intendedto: Stop the bleeding
Prevent infection
Prevent shock
Start IV fluids if available.
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How to control bleeding?- Direct pressure on the wound
- Pressure at a pressure point (brachial
artery on the arm and femoral artery)
- Pressure bandage
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The injuries suffered in crashes can
range from :((cuts, bruises and whiplashto broken
bones, limb loss, spinal injuries, head
injuriesand internal injuries))
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These are approximations of whatis commonly awarded for similarinjuries
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Traumas in car accidents:-
- Facial injuries- Spinal injuries
- Head injuries
- Internal organ injuries
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Facial injuries These injuries are usually caused by
either assault or road crashes
Facial injuries can include cuts or
punctures to the skin, broken bones,
a dislocated jaw or eye injuries.
Windscreen glass is one of the
greatest dangers to the eyes ))can
result in permanent loss of vision((
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Spinal injuries Road traffic accidents account for the
largest cause of spinal cord injuriesworldwide.
The spinal cord runs through the
bones of the spine called thevertebrae.
The vertebral column acts like a
telephone cable - sending messagesof feeling and sensation to the brain.
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The brain converts them into
responses such as pain or movement
When the spinal cord is injured or
severed these messages areinterrupted or cannot get through at
all,
depending on the extent of the
damage a person will either be
partially or completely paralyzed from
the point of damage or lesion.
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Head injuries
Road crashes account for 40% to50% of all brain injuries and are most
commonly associated with severe
injuries. The largest group of people
with brain injury is men aged 15-29
who have been in road crashes.
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Internal organ injuries Crashes can cause massive serious
internal injuries.
The impact from road crashes can
also lead to internal bleeding.
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Limb loss
For most people, losing a leg or anarm is a difficult thing to imagine. But
it can and does happen in road
crashes
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Accident prevention
Although many accidents are causedby behavior that is difficult to alter,
by mechanical failure, or by road
conditions, some technical solutions
are becoming more widely available
to prevent accidents
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Avoiding alcohol before driving
prevents road traffic accidents.
Strategies that increase the use of
seat belts or child restraints willresult in fewer injuries
Stricter enforcement of speed limits
will result in fewer injuries
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Road Design should be improved .
Roadside guardrails (crash barriers)and crash cushions will reduce injury
severity.
Permanently switched on lights oncars can reduce daytime road traffic
accidents
Road safety education for children
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According to the new traffic rules in
KSA and regulations, the police willwithhold driving licenses when
violations accumulate to a certain
number of points. The insurance of
passports, recruitment visas and exit-re-entry visas will also be dependent
on the payment of outstanding traffic
fines.
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What are the prevention and treatment ?
1-.
2-..
3-..
4-
5.
6
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Resources:
- WHO web site.
- http://www.trafficsafety.org.sa/statistics.htm
- Ministry of Health web site.
- ALNASRYAH Traffic Department .
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THANKS FORALL