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Women
& Brain Drain
The Overlooked Side of Brain Drain
The Overlooked Solution
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What does brain drain have to do
with women?
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More women are in tertiary education
Gross Enrollment in Tertiary Education, percent
Male
Female
Source: World Bank Economic Monitor on Malaysia 2012
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But Women Labour Force Participation
Rates are Low
0 20 40 60 80 100
Male
Female 47%
Source: World Bank Economic Monitor on Malaysia 2012
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And also one of the lowest in the world
0 20 40 60 80 100
MalaysiaIndonesia
Thailand
CambodiaLao PDR
Brazil
Vietnam
47%
Source: World Bank Economic Monitor on Malaysia 2012
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Reasons for not seeking work
Total Male Female
Schooling 38.2 64.4 27.5
Housework/Family 48.2 2.0 67.1
Going for further studies 1.7 2.9 1.2
Disabled 1.9 4.6 0.9
Source: Department of Statistics, compiled by
Ministry of Women, Families and Community Development
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Women are not equally represented in the top
job positions
Source: McKinsey Proprietary Database, 2011;
government publications; Literature search
University Graduates 57%Entry-level
Professionals
53%
Mid-to-seniorManagement
11%
Executive Committee n/a
CEO 5%Board 6%
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What has already been done to tackle this?
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Efforts by Pemandu
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Address Brain
Drain by
IncreasingWomen
Representation in
the Workforce TaxDeduction
Childcare
Facilities
Overview of the policy
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Childcare facilities to be set up at
workplaces
OBJECTIVES
1. To assist women in
balancing work-family
commitments
2. To retain qualified
women in the workforce
3. To increase companyproductivity and
efficiency
DETAILS
1. Provision of
grants (RM50,000)
2. Integrateschildcare centers
within workplaces
3. Payment ofservices
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Women are not equally represented in the top
job positions
Source: McKinsey Proprietary Database, 2011;
government publications; Literature search
University Graduates 57%Entry-level
Professionals
53%
Mid-to-seniorManagement
11%
Executive Committee n/a
CEO 5%Board 6%
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Stages of Implementation:
Childcare Facilities
Stage 1
Identification of companies based on revenue andsize
Stage 2
Pilot testing commences
Provision of grants: RM50 000
Stage 3Monitoring of progress by the Economic Planning Unit
Stage 4 Analysis of pilot project findings
Stage 5Publicity
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Stages of Implementation:
Tax Deductions
Stage 1Companies fulfill stipulated criteria
Stage 2
Companies submit report to Indent Revenue Board (IRB)
Stage 3Verification of report by IRB representatives
Stage 4 Tax deductions granted
Stage 5Publicity
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Execution Cost: Child Care Facilities
Projected
Government
Expenditure:
Year 1: RM
500000
Grants: RM
500000(10 Grants
per year)
Projected
Expenditure for
10 years:
RM 4.75
Million
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Projected Tax
Reduction
Percentage:0.4% Tax
Revenue or
RM250 Million
RM 250
Million =
0.5% ofNajibs 2013
Development
Expenditure
Calculated from
1% of total
profit of 5
public listed
companies
Execution Cost: Tax Deduction
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Stakeholders
Local &Foreign
Women
GovernmentPrivateSectors
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Source: ILO Workplace Solutions for Child Care
Successful case studies
India
Brazil Kenya
ThailandSouth Africa
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Increase in female labour participation rate
causes potential gain in GDP per capita
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Korea(FLFP=55%)
Singapore(FLFP=60%)
Sweden(FLFP=76%)
PotentialGDP
Source: World Bank Economic Monitor on Malaysia 2012
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Companies with most women board
directors outperform those with the least
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
ROS ROIC ROE
Most WBD
Least WBD
Source: Corporate Performance and womens representation on the boards,
Catalyst, 2011
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Measuring Impact
Quantitative:
Statistics aboutwomen
participation inlabor market
Compare
performance withcompanies fromsimilar industries.
Qualitative:
Feedback from key
stakeholders
Surveys &
questionnaires
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3 Key Take-Aways
Identifies a
typically
overlooked,but significant
demographic
group with
relation to
brain drain
Tapping intoexisting but
unused
potential
Easier and
cheaper asopposed to
attracting
foreign talent
with similar
results