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Created By :

RAJA HAFIZI B.

RAJA JAAFAR

NASRUL

MUHAIMIN B.

JURDI

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David AusubelDavid P. Ausubel, an educational psychologist,suppported the theory that pupils form and organiseknowledge by themselves.

This knowledge is structured as a frame work which

associates specific structures.

Emphasized the importance of verbal learning orlanguage-related learning which he considers to be

very effective for pupils of the age 11 or 12 andabove.

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For Ausubel, the main factor that

influences learning is what is alreadyknown to the pupils. Thus, it isnecessary for the teacher to identifythe existing knowledge of pupils

before teaching them based onwhatever knowledge they alreadyhave.

To ensure meaningful teaching, it isnecessary to avoid rote memorisingof facts.

Pupils need to manipulate ideas

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Types of learning

1) Meaningful expositorylearning

2) Meaningful receptionlearning

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TYPE OF LEARNINGMEANINGFUL EXPOSITORY

LEARNING

The teacher is responsible to expose

learning materials meaningfully so thatpupils may follow and understand theconcepts taught.

To produce a meaningful expositorylesson for pupils, David Ausubel propose-teacher uses an advanced organizer.

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WHAT IS AN ADVANCE

ORGANISER An advance organiser is theintroductory information relevant

to the content that is to bepresented to pupils.

This organiser presents an over

view of the information to becovered in detail during theexposition that follows.

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Types of AdvanceOrganiser:

1)Exposition

2)Comparison

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Type of Advance Organiser

-Exposition While presenting new material to the

pupils, the teacher can use an

advance organiser of the expositiontype at the beginning of the lesson.

Presents several encompassing

generalisation detailed contentswill be added later.

The teacher states the matters that

will be considered and list in the

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Type of Advance Organiser

-Comparison

Useful when the knowledge isnew to pupils.

In many cases, the pupilsknowledge similar to the newinformation.

Comparative organiser compares new material withknowledge already known byemphasizing the similarities.

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TYPE OF LEARNING

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TYPE OF LEARNING2) Meaningful Reception

Learning Much teaching can take placesuccessfully through an expositoryprocess that brings about reception

learning.

Effective problem-solving anddiscovery would succeed better after

children had learnt & understoodbasic concepts.

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Discovery learning took up excessivetime as children need to learn a wide

range of science concepts in a shortperiod.

Primary School :

- should carry out as many hand-onlearning activities as possible.

Secondary School :

- he suggest increasing the useexplanation, demonstration, diagramand illustration by the teacher.

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THANK YOU