Back Matter

Back MatterSource: The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 22, No. 2 (Jun., 1978)Published by: Sage Publications, Inc.Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/173806 .

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Advertising Supplement:

Journal of Conflict

Resolution

This supplement has been prepared especially for our readers to bring them information and announcements of professional interest. By placing advertisements in the pages of this journal, our advertisers have indicated a desire to communicate with our readers. We hope our readers will acknowledge their indirect support of the journal and its purposes by mentioning the journal in correspondence with advertisers.

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WHY NATIONS ACT: Theoretical Perspectives for Comparative Foreign Policy Studies by MAURICE A. EAST, STEPHEN A. SALMORE and CHARLES F. HERMANN

This book is a product of the Comparative Research on the Events of Nations (CR EON) Project, a cross-national study of the foreign policy behaviors of 36 nations, being conducted on a cross-disciplinary and multi-university basis. Following a brief general discussion, the authors examine seven different theoret ical perspectives and explanations for foreign policy behavior. Each of these perspectives posits the importance of a specified and interrelated set of variables and provides an explanatory logic relating the variables to foreign policy behavior.

The volume is exclusively theoretical, offering no empirical investigations. It treats each perspective studied as an individual phenomenon and as a recurrent influence operative in foreign policy affairs. A concluding chapter offers multi- causal explanations involving the integration of various perspectives. It is the authors' hope that this theoretical study will establish a cornerstone for future comparative analyses of foreign policy behavior.

CONTENTS

Acknowledgements

1. Introduction 2. Foreign Policy Behavior: That Which is to be Explained 3. Effect of Personal Characteristics of Political Leaders on Foreign Policy 4. Decision Structure and Process Influences on Foreign Policy 5. Political Regimes and Foreign Policy 6. National Attributes and Foreign Policy 7. The International System Perspective and Foreign Policy 8. Prior Behavior as an Explanation of Foreign Policy 9. The Situation and Foreign Policy

10. Conclusion: Toward Integrating the Perspectives

"We believe that a comparative approach increases one's comprehension of a single actor. Cross-national and longitudinal comparisons of foreign policy behaviors will increase a person's ability to distinguish between the common and the unusual elements that contribute to a particular government's external behavior. On the one hand, comparative analysis can lead to the identification of important deviant cases, that is, those having unusual features. On the other hand, it can guard against unwarranted interpretations that suggest a particular nation's foreign policy can be explained in terms of unique features pertaining to that country when, in fact, comparison reveals those same features exist in other nations manifesting different policies."

- from the Introduction

Volume 2, Sage Focus Editions

January 1978 ISBN 0-8039-0718-4 hardcover $15.00

256 pages ISBN 0-8039-0719-2 softcover $ 7.50

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OPPORTUNITIES FOR DISARMAMENT . Jane M. O. Sharp, editor 156 pages $3.00

"The Special Session should encourage a new climate of opinion in which the prospect of arms reductions does not imply a concomitant reduction in political power and interna-

, tional prestige and in which the relationship between disarmament and development is explicitly recognized."

Opportunities for Disarmament is a survey by prominent experts of some major issues in arms control and disarmament, together with recommendations for international action, including essays on the following:

* nuclear testing limitations and proliferation, * conventional arms, * arms control verification, and * nuclear-weapon-free zones

CHEMICAL WEAPONS AND CHEMICAL ARMS CONTROL Matthew Meselson; editor 144 pages $3.00

Legal, military, and scientific experts examine current chemical warfare doctrine in Europe with a conclusion that sets out measures which could be the basis for an arms control agree- ment.

"U.S. policy for chemical weapons is now at a cross- roads ... to retire chemical weapons from the U.S. arse- nal ... or to seek procurement of a new generation of chemical weapons . . "

Chemical Weapons and Chemical Arms Control * treats the relationship of chemical munitions to conventional

and nuclear weapons, * examines the deterrent and escalatory potential of chemical

weapons, and * reviews possible measures for limiting or eliminating chemi-

cal warfare forces.

For copies write: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 11 Dupont Circle NW Washington DC 20036

C ARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR MNERNATIONAL PEACE

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DETERRENCE A Conceptual Analysis by PATR ICK M. MORGAN, Washington State University

The concept and practice of deterrence is crucial to contemporary international politics. Professor Morgan takes a critical look at-previous theories and suggests a distinction between the concepts of "immediate" or "pure deterrence" and "general deterrence." The book focuses primarily on im,. mediate deterrence which it analyzes in terms of current world events. The conclusion calls attention to elements that make deterrence somewhat un- reliable as the foundation of national security and identifies particular consequences for our national defense poli.cy.

CONTENTS

Acknowledgement Introduction 1. The Subject-examines various def initions of and attitudes toward

deterrence 2. Two K inds of Deterrence Situations-uses the distinction between im-

mediate and general deterrence to understand how and why deterrence exists.

3. Which Deterrence?-identifies the many conceptions of pure deterrence. 4. Rationality and Deterrence-analyzes the three versions of rationality

used in deterrence literature and national security policy. 5. Deterrence and Sensible Decision Making-arrives at a conception of

deterrence "as the use of threats to impress on sensible decision makers the uncertain but large, possibly grave, consequences a decision to attack will bring."

6. Politics and Deterrence I-explores the failure of deterrence 7. Politics and Deterrence Il-offers a preliminary analysis of the circum-

stances under which deterrence is likely to succeed or fail. 8. In the End-reviews the arguments of the preceding chapters and

assesses the proper place of deterrence in national security.

"It is an important book on a much-hackneyed topic. "He has mastered the literature, has synthesized it well, and not being mes- merized by the "wise men" of the field has developed and persuasively argued a point of view that is penetratingly critical of many assumptions behind contemporary deterrence policy. "

Bruce Russett

"Morgan's book is an important contribution to the current discussion of deterrence theory and the policy problem of strategic deterrence."

*- Alexander George

"With wit, logic, and a sense of proportion, Morgan has shown that there

are new and important things that not only can, but should, be said about

deterrence theory. His keen insights will be welcomed by specialists in the

field as well as by those with a general concern for international politics."

-- Robert Jervis

Volume 40 Sage Library of Social Research ISBN 0-8039-0819-9 hardcover $14.00

March 1977 216 pages ISBN 0-8039-0820-2 softcover $ 6.95


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THE LIMITS OF MILITARY INTERVENTION edited by ELLEN STERN, Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces

and Society How are the various dimensions of military intervention currently concept- ualized, particularly by those who develop theories, models, and strategies? The contributors approach this question through an examination of the interplay between technology, military organization, and the political- military consequences of this relationship. The articles in this volume assess the adequacy of existing approaches toward military intervention and suggest revised attitudes, taking into account the changing patterns of international negotiations. The various authors, experts in military technology, organizational problems, manpower problems, or issues related to the military or political process, focus on theoretical and historical perspectives, questions of manpower and professionalism and issues created by changing technology and intelligence procedures, placing them within a broader sociopolitical framework.

CONTENTS Preface: ELLEN P. STERN Prologue: ELLEN P. STERN I. Analytic Dimensions

Analytic Dimensions of Intervention Decisions RICHARD SMOKE Soviet Perspectives on Military Intervention ROGER HAMBURG

11. Technology and Control Military Alerts and Diplomatic Signals JOSEPH J. KRUZEL Communications, Command, and Control: The Nerves of Intervention DAVIS B. BOBROW New Weapons Technology and Its Impact on Intervention JAMES F. DIGBY

I11. Changing Military Operations Airlift and Military Intervention JOHN R. PICKETT Changing Naval Operations and Military Intervention MICHAEL MccGWIRE Changing Military Operations: Technology, Mobility, and Conventional Warfare LEWIS S. SORLEY

IV. Political-Military Affairs Military Demonstrations: Intervention and the Flag MAURY D. FELD U.S. Military Assistance to Non-Industrial Nations CAESAR D. SERESERES Nation-Building, Counterinsurgency, and Military Intervention, LAWRENCE E. GRINTER The United States Intelligence Community and Military Intervention PAUL W. BLACKSTOCK

V. Manpower and Professional Dilemmas Manpower, Military Intervention, and the All-Volunteer Force THOMAS A. FABYANIC Professional Problems and Adaptations SAM C. SARKESIAN

VI. Domestic Constraints Changes in American Public Attitudes toward International Involvement JOHN E. MUELLER National Decision Making and Military Intervention PAUL R. SCHRATZ

VII. Epilogue: Toward Conceptual Reformation Beyond Deterrence: Alternative Conceptual Dimensions MORRIS JANOWITZ

About the Contributors I ndex

Sage Series on Armed Forces and Society, Volume 12

September 1977 400 pages hardcover $20.00 softcover $7.95


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UNDERSTANDING CONFLICT AND WAR The UNDERSTANDING CONFLICT AND WAR series is dedicated to the development and consideration of a philosophical, empirical, and normative theory of war. After more than 15 years of quantitative research, Professor Rummel has expanded his work to include a broad-based approach which strives for a fundamental understanding of conflict and violence. Drawing on extensive study in sociology, philosophy, and psychology he examines the sociocultural, epistemological, ethical, and theoretical issues associated with nations at war. This series, projected to include five volumes, offers a thoughtful synthesis and evaluation of Professor Rummel's earlier findings within a strong and challenging new theoretical framework.

Volume 3

CONFLICT IN PERSPECTIVE by R. J. RUMMEL, University of Hawaii

Conflict In Perspective is concerned less with empirical patterns and depend- encies than with their "latents" which are more abstract and frustrating to grasp. The book's discussion is organized by three dominant social perspectives: 1) the psychological-covering man's nature, psychological processes and attributes as cause of conflict; 2) the sociological which sees man situationally and understands conflict as an aspect of cooperation and differentiation; and 3) the philosophical which views conflict as an incessant and natural clash of opposites. As in the previous volumes of the series, Professor Rummel uses the power of the field theory perspective to encompass, clarify or confront pre- vailing attitudes and studies of conflict.

CONTENTS

1. Introduction and Summary PART 1: CONFLICT IN PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

2. Aggression 3. Frustration, Deprivation and Aggression 4. Other Psychological Causes and Conditions

PART II: CONFLICT IN SOCIOCULTURAL PERSPECTIVE 5. Marxism and Class Conflict 6. Same and Other; Similarity and Difference 7. Other Sociocultural Causes and Conditions 8. And Process

PART III: CONFLICT IN PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE 9. Opposition, Determinism, and Inevitability

10. International Humanism

"The conflict helix underlines all conflict. To demonstrate that we must deal with concrete conflict as seen through man's many perspectives. To do this com- prehensively, however, requires summarizing various views and approaches within a direction. My interest is less in presenting a view of conflict, such as frustration-aggression, than in sketching the view sufficiently to show its relationship to or contradiction of the conflict helix. "

- from the Introduction

September 1977 196 pages ISBN 0-8039-0855-5 hardcover $12.95

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THE SOCIAL ECOLOGY OF CHANGE: From Equilibrium to Development edited by ZDRAVKO MLINAR, University of Ljubljana, Yugoslavia

HENRY TEUNE, University of Pennsylvania

The Contributors to this volume lay the groundwork for the transforma-

tign of social ecological research from a static description of social phenomena in space to a developmental explanation of spatio-social change. They explore new direction in social ecology, tackling questions which cut across a number of disciplines: How can we explain different dynamics of developmental change at the local and regional levels? Why do some territorial units develop relatively fast while others stagnate? In what circumstances does the unevenness in development tend to persist, increase or decrease? The articles included here represent a synthesis, of many philosophies and theories which form, in the editors' words, "a new basis for international cooperation and enrichment of social research."

Volume 15, Sage Studies in International Sociology

June 1978 ISBN 0-8039-9886-4 hardcover $14.00 296 pages ISBN 0-8039-9887-2 softcover $ 6.95

THE BREAKDOWN OF PUBLIC SECURITY: The Case of Ireland 1916-1921 and Palestine 1936-1939

by TOM BOWDEN, Manchester Polytechnic Foreword by Gabriel Almond

This book analyzes the interaction of revolutionary terrorists and British political police in order to determine cause, sequence, and effect of the breakdown of public security and governability in Ireland 1916-1921 and Palestine 1936-1939. Specifically, the study centers on the use of tactical assassination, and related forms of targeted political violence by terrorist groups seeking to first debilitate, then break, both the condition of public security, and the police forces themselves-thereby moving the political system from unstable equilibrium to disequilibrium. The author describes, in light of new materials, the violent events that occured in each country; isolates and analyzes the social, political and economic factors creating, and the resultant patterns of the breakdown; and demonstrates thie centrality of efficient police intelligence units to the short-term resolution of conflict and the maintenance of civil government.

Volume 8, Sage Studies in 20th Century History January 1978 ISBN 0-8039-9865-1 hardcover $16.50 342 pages ISBN 0-8039-9866-X softcover $ 7.95


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SAGE PAPERS on CONFLICT RESOLUTION $300each

HUMAN FACTORS IN INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIATIONS: Social-Psychological Aspects of International Conflict by Daniel Druckman (02-020)

Is it necessary to forfeit the broad view of party negotiations when using scientific methodology? This paper communicates the relevance of an experimental approach by organizing and integrating the specific aspects of negotiation.

PUBLIC GOODS AND VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS: A Multi-Stage Investigation of Collective Action in Labor Union Locals by Philip M. Burgess and Richard Conway (04-007)

Exploring the economic theory of public goods as a base for a social theory of groups, this paper concentrates on research findings from a natural setting, using survey techniques and arguing that even a minor alteration of attitude and behavior by public service groups could initiate major benefits in public goods.

THE FOREIGN POLICY OF AMERICAN LABOR by Carl Gershman (480029)

One of the most important nongovernmental institutions in American life is studied in terms of its international activities from the time of Samuel Gompers to the present.

CONFLICT: Escalation and Deescalation by Thomas V. Bonoma (02-033) This paper examines existing views on escalation and deescalation, as well as literature from small groups research. A viable theory of escalation and deescalation is proposed which views these as generic processes applicable both at the interpersonal and international level.

THE EFFICACY'OF THREATS: International Interaction Strategies by Charles Lockhart (02-023)

In international conflict, threats may produce a counterproductive impact since they cannot be implemented indiscriminately and effectively, as is here illustrated by the Agadir crisis of 1911, and the role of misperception in the escalation from rhetoric to conflict.

SAGE PULICATIONS. INC. SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD

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POLITICAL ECONOMY OF THE WORLD-SYSTEM ANNUALS Immanuel Wallerstein, Series Editor Published in cooperation with the Section on the Political Economy of the World-System of the American Sociological Association

About the Series The intent of this series of annuals is to reflect and inform the intense theoretical

and empirical debates about the "political economy of the world-system." These debates assume that the phenomena of the real world cannot be separated into three (or more) categories-political, economic, and social-which can be studied by different methods and in closed spheres. The economy is "institutionally" rooted; the polity is the expression of socioeconomic forces; and "societal" structures are a con- sequence of politico-economic pressures. The phrase "world-system" also tells us that we believe there is a working social system larger than any state whose operations are themselves a focus of social analysis. How states and parties, firms and classes, status groups and social institutions operate within the framework and constraints of the world-system is precisely what is debated.

These theme-focused annuals will be the outlet for original theoretical and empirical findings of social scientists coming from all the traditional "disciplines." The series will draw upon papers presented at meetings and conferences, as well as invited papers from those who share in these concerns.

Volume 1 1978

Social Change in the Capitalist World Economy edited by Barbara Hockey Kaplan

CONTENTS * Preface (I. Wallerstein)/lntroduction (B.H. Kaplan)/Part One: THE STATE AND THE WORLD SYSTEM * 1. Marxist Theories of the State

' an A tX in World System Analysis (F. Block)/2. Political Transformation in Germany and the United States

\ Ad Cat %o8 \ (R. Rubinson)/3. Fascism and World Economy (W. \ His En tC? \ L. Goldfrank)/Part Two: REVOLUTION AND \00?0 ken * \ THE WORLD SYSTEM * 4. Revolutions and the

World-Historical Development of Capitalism (T. \Skocpol and E.K. Trimberger)/5. State Capital-

ism and Counterrevolution in the Middle East: A Thesis (S.K. Farsoun and W.F. Carroll)/Part Three: THE WORLD SYSTEM IN THE 20TH CENTURY * 6. Core-Periphery Relations: The Effects of Core Competition (C. Case- Dunn)/7. Continuity, Change and Tension in Global Capitalism (D. Dowd)/Part Four: WORLD SYSTEM ANALYSIS: Theoretical

and Methodological Issues * 8. World- \ x - ) System Analysis: Methodological Issues

(T. Hopkins)/9. World-System Analysis: Theoretical and Interpretative Issues (1. Wallerstein)

March 1978 ISBN 0.8039-1032-0 hardcover $18.50 240 pages ISBN 0-8039-1033-9 softcover $ 7.95

SAGE Publications, Inc. SAGE Publications Ltd 275 South Beverly Drive 28 Banner Street

Beverly Hills, California 90212 London EC1Y 8QE



A NEW THEORY OF SOCIETAL EVOLUTION

by KENNETH E. BOULDING

This book will be compelling reading not only for scholars and students

but also for laymen interested in major social issues and the latest com-

nents on these issues by one of the world's most eminent social scientists. This far-reaching exploration of societal evolution tackles some of the toughest philosophical questions facing us today: what is the relationship

between physical, biological and societal evolution? are there recurring

patterns in the universe and in the social systems man has created? Why do wars occur? To answer these and other questions Boulding has imagina-

tively synthesized the principles of physical evolution and the tenets and

knowledge of all the social sciences into a challenging and important work of ideas. He has written a book which can teach us all a great deal

about our contemporary civilization and its future.

CONTENTS: Preface / Introduction / 1. The Universe as a Stereo Movie / 2. Physical Dynamics and Evolution /3. Population Dynamics /4. Ecolog- ical Dynamics / 5. Biological Evolution / 6. Societal Evolution: The General Pattern / 7. The Threat System / 8. Exchange as a Social Organizer / 9. The Integrative System / 10. An Evolutionary Interpretation of Hi;tory / 1 1. Power in Society / 12. Dialectics and Evolution / 13. Evalua- tive Change / 14. Limits / 15. Evolutionary Dynamics of Religion and Ethics / 16. Alternative Images of the Future / 17. Alternative Patterns / Glossary / About the Author

About the Author:

Kenneth E. Boulding is Distinguished Professor of Economics at the

University of Colorado and a program director in the University's Institute

of Behavioral Science. He is currently President-Elect of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and has served as President of the American Economic Association and Vice President and President of the International Studies Association.

June 1978 350 pages (tent.) ISBN 0-8039-0945-4 hardcover $15.00 A Sageview Edition

SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC. SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD 275 South Beverly Drive 28 Banner Street




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