CHEOPS���stato, problemi,
opportunit�����
Isabella Pagano ���on behalf of���
the CHEOPS Italian Team
ESA’s first small mission
ESA’s first small mission
LVII Congresso SAIt ���Bologna, 7-10 maggio 2013
call issued! March 3, 2012!proposal due! June 15, 2012!
mission selection! October 19, 2012!mission adoption! Feb 2014!
launch ! 2017!
ESA small missions requirements!• Science!
‣ top rated science in any area of space science!• Cost!
‣ total cost < 150 M€!‣ cost to ESA: not to exceed 50 M€!
• Schedule!‣ developed and launched within 4 years (end of 2017)!
Mission summary!Name! CHEOPS !
(CHaracterizing ExOPlanet Satellite)!Primary
science goal!Measure the radius of planets transiting bright stars to 10% accuracy!
Targets! Known exoplanet host stars with a V-magnitude < 12.5 anywhere on the sky!
Wavelength! Visible range : 400 to 1100 nm !
Telescope! 707 cm2 effective aperture reflective on-axis telescope (30 cm ∅)!
Orbit! LEO sun-synchronous, LTAN 6am, 620-800 km !
Lifetime! 3.5 years!
Type! S-class!
appa
rent
mag
nitu
de o
f sta
r
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
1.0 10.0 5.0
Radius planet (REarth)
appa
rent
mag
nitu
de o
f sta
r
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
1.0 10.0 5.0
Radius planet (REarth)
mass measured by radial velocities���
Targets: Bright stars
NGTS ���
Kepler planets
CHEOPS
~150-200 CHEOPS targets
~50 CHEOPS targets
Howard, 2013, Science 340, 572
Size & mass distributions of planets orbiting G- and K-type stars. corrected for survey incompleteness for small/low-mass planets
CHEOPS provides direct insights into the structure (e.g. presence of a gaseous envelope) and/or composition of the planet.
CHEOPS will improve both the sample size as well as the precision of the measurements.
Juicy targets
for JWST and
EChO!���
2. New targets for future characterization facilities with spectroscopic capabilities!
Science objectives!
Identification of planets with atmospheres in the 1–10 MEarth regime
RV planets���known mass
Transiting��� planets���
known size
Colours code different fraction of icy planetesimals in the planetary cores.
Different migration pattern can be inferred by density measurements.
For planets in the super-Earth to Neptune mass range, the difference in ice content between the two models translates into a difference of ~30% in mean radius.
a single planet is allowed to grow in a disc
10 planets are allowed to grow simultaneously
Science objectives!4. Energy transport in hot Jupiter atmospheres
Optical phase curve of a V=10.5 mag star by Kepler
Boru
cki e
t al
. (20
09)
Combination of the light reflected by the atmosphere of the planet as well as the thermal emission of the atmosphere.
HAT-P-7b
High-level Sci Req.: Photometric accuracy for transit characterization!
Targets from ground based transits search e.g., NGTS
CHEOPS Sky visibility!Total observation time over 1 year [hours]
Orbits with more than 50% interruption (less than 50 min of possible observations), due to Earth and Earth stray light constraints, have been discarded.
700 Km altitude orbit The circles are known radial velocity targets, the diamonds are simulated NGTS targets.
Country! Institutes! Contacts!
CH!University of Bern (project lead)!University of Geneva!Swiss Space Center (EPFL)!ETH-Z!
Willy Benz, Nicolas Thomas!Didier Queloz!Anton Ivanov!Michael Meyer!
Austria! Institut für Weltraumforschung, Graz! Wolfgang Baumjohann!
Belgium! Centre Spatial de Liège!Université de Liège!
Etienne Renotte!Michaël Gillon!
France! Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Marseille! Magali Deleuil!
Germany! DLR Institute for Planetary Research!DLR Institute for Optical Sensor Systems! Tilman Spohn!
Hungary! Konkoly Observatory! Laszlo Kiss!
Italy!Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania – INAF!Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova - INAF!Università di Padova!
Isabella Pagano!Roberto Ragazzoni!Giampaolo Piotto!
Portugal! Centro de Astrofisica da Universidade do Porto!Deimos Engenharia!
Nuno C. Santos!Antonio Gutiérrez!
Sweden! Onsala Space Observatory, Chalmers University!University of Stockholm!
R. Liseau!G. Olofsson!
UK! University of Warwick! Don Pollaco! Payload Ground segment
CHEOPS Organization!CHEOPS Consortium
CHEOPS Project
ESA
Payload
Joint Project Office
CMC BoardProject OfficeCH
Science OperationsMission OperationsSpacecraft Architect
MOC Platform PrimeAIT
RUAG / TBD
Project OfficeESA
Launch Services
Launch campaign Instrument Lead
Science Ops & Data Centre
Data CentreOperations
Operations Planning
Instrument Handling
Data Processing
Data Archive
Science Team
Instrument Support
Science Preparation
Subsystems
Joint Management TeamESA/CH
decisions excluding payload & science
CC Coordination Team
CHEOPS Project Structure v2.20
Science Study Team
Project ScientistESA
Platform!• Attitude Control!
‣ 3-axis stabilized S/C - one side facing Earth!‣ pointing accuracy < 8 arc sec rms for 10h!
• Instrument Power!‣ 50 W continuous power, !‣ 70 W peak!
• Data rate!‣ 1 Gbit/day downlink!
• Total mass with payload!‣ 200 kg!
Payload - CIS!
outer baffle!
secondary !mirror!
primary !mirror!
structure!(carbon fiber)! baffle tower!
focal plane assembly!
beam!shaper!
radiators!
CHEOPS-IT Contributions!
• Science!• Telescope (from optical design to AIV)!• Start Trackers (tbc)!• ASDC!• Malindi (tbc)!
CHEOPS in Italy!q 5 INAF structures !
q OACT (S, P)!
q OAPD (S, P)!
q OAPA (S)!
q OAT (S)!
q FGG (S)!
q Dip. Fis. e Astron. UNIPD (S)!
q ASI!
q ASDC (GS)!
q Malindi (GS)!
!
!
Work Breakdown Structure
CHEOPS-IT���I. Pagano���
INAF-OACT
WP 1000���Project Office ���
I. Pagano���INAF-OACT
WP 1100���Project Management ���
I. Pagano���INAF-OACT
WP 2000���Science Preparation���
G. Piotto ���UNIPD
WP 2100���Science Management���
G. Piotto���UNIPD
WP 2200���Target Characterization���
TBD (AR) ��� UNIPD
WP 2300���Observing Strategy Optim. ���
TBD (AR) ���INAF-OAPD
WP 2400���Target Selection���
I. Pagano���INAF.-OACT
WP 2500���Synergies���
Stellar Activity���TBD (TD) ���
INAF-OACT
WP 3000���Telescope���
R. Ragazzoni ���INAF-OAPD
WP 3100���Project Management ���
I. Pagano���INAF-OACT
WP 3200���System Engin.
S. Scuderi ���INAF-OACT
WP 3300���OD & Tolerances���
D. Magrin���INAF-OAPD
WP 3400���Straylight Analysis
M. Munari ���INAF-OACT
WP 3500���Interfaces���J. Farinato���
INAF-OAPD
WP 3600���GSE & AIV
TBD (TD) ���INAF-OAPD
F/5 Ritchey-Chretien Telescope (0.3 central obstruction) + collimator-camera re-imaging system
Optical Design
Polychromatic defocused PSF with 30 pixel diameter
68 m
m
320
mm
~230 mm
400 mm
Focal Plane Mask
Main design drivers are: • the compactness of the optical
system • the capability to reject the
straylight • the shape of the PSF
Magrin et al…
Optical Design Intermediate
pupil Collimator Camera Telescope
FP FP
S-FPL51 S-FPL51 N-KZFS11 KZFS8 Defocused FP
298 mm
350 mm 300 mm
• Several options under study: • Different M1-M2 distances è
• Axicon • Holographic diffuser • Defocused design
Back-End Optics
Diffuser Camera
Intermediate pupil
Collimating beam
PROBLEMI?? !
• ASI has included CHEOPS in its program at the beginning of 2013 (<3 months after selection), with a budget provision till launch.
• “Tavolo negoziale” ASI-INAF chiuso ieri (2yr duration).
• RFI to Industries soon è KOM industrial activity 1st semester 2014.
No Grazie!!!
OPPORTUNITÀ ?? !
• CHEOPS is another step (a major one) for the Italian exoplanetary community!
• HARPSN@TNG è GAPS and GTO • APACHE, TASTE
• GAIA • SPHERE@VLT • ESPRESSO@VLT
• PLATO • ECHO
YES!!!