Tutorial Task 3Topic 1

by : Wardani x Rabiatul x Saranya x Alia

Q1

What is the rationale for inclusion of ethics in

educational research ?

• Ethics comprises appropriateness of researcher’s behaviour with those who may be directly or indirectly affected by the research.

• The knowledge to know what is involved during the educational research rightfully belongs to both researcher and participant.

• Some events that bring the light into the importance of ethics in research– Tuskegee Syphilis Study – Stanley Milgram Experiment(in regards to negative manipulation of participants)

• Ethics in research is greatly important to help :– protect researcher and participants– ensure research procedures are done

appropriately– ensure reliability & trustworthy of

procedures and results

Q2

What is researcher bias and why do we need to be

aware of it ?

• Researcher bias is a form of response bias that occurs whenever there is a flaw in a survey’s research design (FluidSurveys, 2013).

• Research bias, also called experimenter bias, is a process where the scientists performing the research influence the results, in order to portray a certain outcome. (Shuttleworth, 2009)

• Why it happens? – Lack of planning, imprecise research objectives

• Why to be aware of it? – To ensure the quality of research by respecting participants’ rights, honoring research sites, and reporting research fully and honestly.

Q3

What challenges do you anticipate when creating

an informed consent mechanism ?

• Informed consent : an agreement between researcher and participants about the research project

• According to Belmont Report, an informed consent should :– have adequate info about the project– help participants understand the research’s

protocol– allow participants to withdraw from the project

and any point(Escobedo, Guerrero, Lujan, Ramirez, & Diana, 2007)

• Possible issues raised– language barriers : participants do not

fully understand the consent form– authority of researcher : participants

sign the consent just to obey researcher

• Overcoming issues of informed consent– take extra time to explain the details of

the research– discuss the details of research with

participants

Q4

Suggest ethical obligations of educational researchers and institutional decision-

makers

• Educational researchers : teachers / trainee teachers

• Institutional decision-makers : school administrators (headmasters)

• Possible ethical obligations of researchers to school– request for permission before

performing any research procedures – present research details before, during

and after the research (ensure no misunderstandings about each procedure)

– present consent from participants

• Possible ethical obligations of school to researchers–monitor each research procedural step– inquire details of the research– offer help / assistance when needed– provide best environment for researcher

References

• Tips for Overcoming Researcher Bias - FluidSurveys. (2013, August 19). Retrieved 2016, from http://fluidsurveys.com/university/tips-for-overcoming-researcher-bias/

• Shuttleworth, M. (2009, Feb 5). Research Bias. Retrieved Jan 3, 2016, from explorable.com: https://explorable.com/research-bias

• Escobedo, C., Guerrero, J., Lujan, G., Ramirez, A., & Diana. (2007). Ethical Issues with Informed Consent. Bio-Ethics Issue 1, 1 - 8.

The EndThank You !