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GreekArchitecture andOther Related
Arts
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Orders
- an architectural"order" is one of the classicalsystems of carefullyproportioned andinterdependent
parts whichinclude columnand entablature.
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D oric Order- The oldest and simplest of theClassical Greek Orders, characterized by heavy
fluted columns with no base and plain saucer-shaped capitals.
Ionic Order- A classical Greek Order characterizedby a capital with two opposed volutes.Volute- A spiral scroll-like ornament mostcommon in Ionic capitals.
Corinthian Order- The most ornate of the classicalGreek Orders of architecture, characterized by aslender fluted column with a bell shaped capitaldecorated by stylized alanthus leaves.
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PARTS OFTHE
COLUMN
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D oricThe oldest, studiest, and
most severe of the orders.It was developed on themainland of Greece. The
most distinguishingcharacteristic is probablyits capital, but note the
absence of a column baseand the introduction of
triglyphs and metopes in
the frieze course.
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It is quicklydistinguishe
d by thevolutes of its capitals.
Note the
presence of a columnbase and
the absenceof the
triglyphsand
metopes.
Ionic
Is more slenderand lighter thanthe D oric. The
Ionic developed
in the lands eastof the Aegeanand was moresubject to theinfluence of older Asiatic
styles.
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Corinthian OrderThe slenderest and most ornate of
the three Greek orders,characterized by a bell-shaped
capital with volutes and two rows
of acanthus leaves, and with anelaborate cornice.
Corinthian- developed later than
the D oric or Ionic. It is distinguishedfrom the Ionic by its capital formed
of a circular belle of rows of
acanthus leaves.
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Greek Ionic order greek architecture column illustrationentablature volutes Ionic capital Colosseum
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Coloseum
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A erial View of the A thenian Ac ropolis:Parthenon and Propylon
NW Corner of the Parthenon
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View of the West Parthenon
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P arthenon Athens Greece 447-432 B.C.
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Temple of Hera at Paestum(an c ient Poseidonia, in Southern Italy)
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Basilica, temple of Hera
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HOME STYLES IN AMERICA
1600s - 1800
When North America was colonized, settlers brought building traditions frommany different countries. Architecture from America's colonial periodcontinues to influence the houses we build today.
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Victorian House Styles1840 - 1900M ass-production and factory-made building parts made large, elaborathouses more affordable. A variety of Victorian styles emerged, each
with its own distinctive features.
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1901-1955F rank Lloyd Wright revolutionized the American home when he beganto design houses with low horizontal lines and open interior spaces.
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E arly 20 th century house styles1905-1945
In the early 1900s, builders sloffed off the elaborateVictorian styles. Homes for the new century werecompact, economical, and informal.
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P ost war house styles1945-1980
Soldiers returning from World War II brought an enormous need for housing.Real estate developers purchased large tracts of land and constructed homes
with an eye on simplicity and affordability.
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C ontemporary Home StyleC ontemporary homes are known for their large windows and unusual shapes.
C ontemporary houses have many of these features:odd, irregular shapelack of ornamentationtall, over-sized windows, some with trapezoid shapesopen floor plannatural materials such as cedar or stone
harmony with the surrounding landscape
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21 ST Century Homestyles
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G uide to Egyptian and Persian Column Types
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