Translation 3_Pertemuan 6.pptx

8/12/2019 Translation 3_Pertemuan 6.pptx

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tenseAffirmative/Negative/Que

stionUse Signal Words

Simple

Present

A:He speaks.

N:He does not speak.

Q:Does he speak?

action in the present taking place once, never or

several times

facts

actions taking place one after another

action set by a timetable or schedule

always, every , never, normally,

often, seldom, sometimes, usually

if sentences type I (If I talk,)

Present

Progressiv

e

A:He is speaking.

N:He is not speaking.

Q:Is he speaking?

action taking place in the moment of speaking

action taking place only for a limited period of time

action arranged for the future

at the moment, just, just now,

Listen!, Look!, now, right now

Simple

Past

A:He spoke.

N:He did not speak.

Q:Did he speak?

action in the past taking place once, never or

several times

actions taking place one after anotheraction taking place in the middle of another action

yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990,

the other day, last Friday

if sentence type II (If I talked,

)

Past

Progressiv

e

A:He was speaking.

N:He was not speaking.

Q:Was he speaking?

action going onat a certain time in the past

actions taking place at the same time

action in the past that is interrupted by another

action

when, while, as long as

Review of Tenses


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Present Perfect

Simple

A:He has spoken.

N:He has not spoken.

Q:Has he spoken?

putting emphasis on the result

action that is still going on

action that stopped recently

finished action that has an influence on the

present

action that has taken place once, never or

several times before the moment of

speaking

already, ever, just, never, not

yet, so far, till now, up to now

Present Perfect

Progressive

A:He has been speaking.

N:He has not been speaking.

Q:Has he been speaking?

putting emphasis on the course or

duration(not the result)

action that recently stopped or is still going

on

finished action that influenced the present

all day, for 4 years, since 1993,

how long?, the whole week

Past Perfect

Simple

A:He had spoken.

N:He had not spoken.

Q:Had he spoken?

action taking place before a certain time in

the past

sometimes interchangeable with past

perfect progressiveputting emphasis only on the fact(not the

duration)

already, just, never, not yet,

once, until that day

if sentence type III (If I had

talked,

)

Past Perfect

Progressive

A:He had been speaking.

N:He had not been speaking.

Q:Had he been speaking?

action taking place before a certain time in

the past

sometimes interchangeable with past

perfect simple

putting emphasis on the duration or

courseof an action

for, since, the whole day, all day

Review of Tenses (2)
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-simplehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-progressivehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-perfect-simplehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-perfect-progressivehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-perfect-progressivehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-perfect-progressivehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-perfect-simplehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/past-perfect-simplehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-progressivehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-progressivehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-simplehttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-simple


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1-2

18 : certain

12 : similarly,

13 : objectives

are

14 : if it is not

actively

pursued in the

lesson, it isuseless

15 : learning

objectives,

materials, and

learning

methods are

boundtogether

inseparably

16 : the systematic gathering of facts

17 : and to what extent there have

been changes in the learners


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Articles give information about a noun : generic,indefinite, definite

Definite = the

Indefinite = a, an To choose articles, know the noun first (generic or

concrete)

generic : do you like coffee? (general)

Concrete : you look tired. Would you like some coffee?(I have coffee in the kitchen)

The coffee is very strong. (the coffee that Im drinking)

Interlude : Articles


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Generic nouns are used forgeneralizations & stereotyping

Ex : Indonesians are generallykind and friendly

For generic nouns : a, an, or no

article Exception : sometimes, the is

used with generic singularcount nouns, especially withanimal species and inventions.

Ex : The giant panda is anendangered species

Ex : do you know whoinvented the microwave oven?

Singular Plural

Count

nouns

Adog is a

loyal

companion.

Anapple a

day keeps thedoctor away.

Dogs are

loyal

companion.

Noncount

nouns

Milk is good

for you.

Generic Nouns


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A clue (article)

Difficulties (plural)

Information is non countable noun

Each ->masing2 ->singular

Materials (plural). Karena kalausingular kita menggunakan thebukancertain


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Feedbacks (plural)


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Article 2


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On graduates

distinguish what wasspecifically done by theresearcher, and what iscommon procedure ->use oftenses (past vs simple present)


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Present tense : general fact

Past tense : what theresearcher did / modify /

contribute to

There -> dummy subject


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Subjects that refers to nothing

Usually in passive sentences

Usually itand there

I went to see GI JOE 2over the weekend. It was fun. ->It=GI JOE 2

It was raining when we went for the GI JOE 2 movie. ->It = ?

Itis apparent that he likes her. -> It = ?

Thereare many ways to Rome. -> There = ? There remains constant disputes between the two

countries.

Intermezzo : Dummy Subjects


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Questionnaires (plural)

That -> delete

The response rate (article)

into


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Translating is an active skill, not passive.

Focus on the English grammatical structures

first. Second vocabulary & word choices.

No mistakes, no progress.

Criticism is easy; achievement is difficult.

(Winston Churchill)

Per paragraph, 3-5 minutes.

When stuck, ask me.

Formative Test


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Penilaian = valuation, interpretation

Ijazah = diploma, degree

Lulusan = graduate(s)

Rekan kerja = co-worker(s)


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Penilaian = valuation,

interpretation

Ijazah = diploma, degree

Lulusan = graduate(s)

Rekan kerja = co-worker(s)


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Pendapat = opinion, perception

Rajin = diligent, keen

Penalaran = comprehension,

understanding, reasoning


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Salut = salute, respect,admire

Hebat = amazing,

exceptional, awesome


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Implementasi Pembelajaran Terpadu DiSekolah Dasar

Pendahuluan

Pembelajaran Terpadu merupakan

konsepsi dan gambaran bentuk yangdisusun untuk menciptakan prosespembelajaran yang dapatmenghasilkan pengalaman belajarsecara terpadu dan bermakna bagikegiatan kehidupan siswa.Pembelajaran terpadu akan terjadiapabila peristiwa-peristiwa otentikatau eksplorasi topik/tema menjadipengendali di dalam kegiatanbelajar-mengajar.

Pembelajaran Terpadu = Integrated Learning

Konsepsi = concept, design

The Implementation of IntegratedLearning at Elementary Schools

The concept of Integrated Learningdescribes a form of education

designed to create a learningprocess that can produce a learningexperience in a way that isintegrated and meaningful to thelearners life. Integrated learningwill occur if authentic events or the

exploration of topics/themesbecome the controlling idea inteaching-learning activities.

FT 2


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Mata pelajaran = subjects

Keterampilan = skill,

expertise


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Pengelolaan = management

Sesuai = appropriate

Kebutuhan = needs


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Sengaja = deliberately

Pengelolaan =management

Sesuai = appropriate

Kebutuhan = needs


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Pemetaan = mapping

Pendekatan = approach

Menetapkan = set, designated

Penyajian = presentation


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Translation 3_Pertemuan 6.pptx

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