WRITING 3

WRITING 3MODUL 5 NARRATIVE 1Meiliza Spring 2015Tells a story which focuses on an event (or a series of events) in the past.

Organizing your essay in a way that leads up to the main point or event.

Tells a storyChrono-logical orderFictional or factualMain point or thesisHave a focusA narrative1. List the events- Think about the story you want to tell.- If possible, narrow your focus.- Make a list of all the things that happened.- Read through the list and see if you want to add other events.2. Put the events in order- At this point you should have some ideas of the focus of your essay.- Go through your list and cross out any irrelevant events which.- Now, put numbers next to all the events in the order they occurred.3. Add details and specific information- One paragraph for each of those events you have listed.- Give details for each of the items on your list.- Be sure to include what things looked like and what people said.OBJECTIVESYou are expected to be able to:Write compositions based on experiencesWrite short storiesWrite circular stories1 WRITING EXPERIENCESGrammar: Reported SpeechPoints you need to remember:Choose one experience you remember best.Write a general statement.Give sufficient details.State a conclusion.Conclusion Needs a strong planHave one pointWriting ExperiencesUsually written in the first person, however, third person can also be used.

A strong planHave one pointConclu-sion Grammar: Reported SpeechReported speech is used to repeat the exact words that somebody said.Shirley said that she was hungry and that she wanted to eat soon.George told me that he had never been to Iraq but that he wanted to go.Rules for Forming Reported Speech1. When reporting a statement, we generally use that.NO COMMAMy mother told me, You have to work harder at school, or youll fail.My mother told me that I had to work harder or that I would fail.Mom asked me if I was going to the party.Fred asked me when I would call him.2. When reporting a question, we use if for yes/no questions or the appropriate question words (5w+1h) for information questions.3a. The following verbs must be used with an indirect object:told, informed, remindedHe told me that he was hungry.We informed her that the store was closed.He reminded the staff that the meeting was at 8 PM.3b. The following verbs may be used with an indirect object, but the indirect object is optional:asked, answered, promisedI asked [her] where her father was.He answered [me] that he couldnt help.Jade promised [him] that she would stay.3c. The following verbs need to before the indirect object. For any verb that needs to before the indirect object, the indirect object is optional:said, explained, exclaimed, complainedMarvin said [to his wife] that he was late.We explained [to her] why he had been so serious.Pam exclaimed [to the boy] that she was furious.The students complained [to us] that the room was too small.4. In English we report commands, orders, requests and suggestions to other people in a five-part format:

Rules for Reporting Questions5a. The normal form for asking a direct question is [W] X S V:

5b. In reported speech, a question is reported with the order W S [X] V.

Expressions that Change in Reported Speech6. Certain expressions must change in the reported form of speech:

Tense Harmony or Sequencing

2 SHORT STORIESGrammar: Past TenseexperiencesA legendA fabricated story

Grammar: Past TenseRegular verb in the Past TenseRegular verbs in the past tense take an ed or d ending:

Irregular verb in the Past TenseIrregular verbs do not take an ed or d ending in the past but change internally

3 CIRCULAR STORIESGrammar: Capital Letters

Circular stories begin and end with the same sentence.

1. Capitalize the first word in every sentence.2. Capitalize the pronoun I.3. Capitalize proper nouns.

4. Capitalize the names of persons.5. Capitalize geographical names.6. Capitalize names of organizations, business firms, institutions, and government bodies.

7. Capitalize special events and calendar items.8. Capitalize the names of nationalities, races and religions.9. Capitalize the brand names of business products.10. Capitalize the names of ship, planets, monuments, awards, and any other places, things, or events.