Kelas abad ke 21[1]

transcript

04/15/23

We have moved into a more demanding cognitive age, compelling people to become better at absorbing, processing and combining information.

Can we learn to change with it?

Who might our kindergarten children be working with on an on-the-job project in 2025?

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Because of globalization—the ongoing process of intensifying economic, social, and cultural exchanges across the planet—young people the world over need more innovative thinking skills, cultural awareness, higher-order cognitive skills, and sophisticated communication and collaboration skills than ever before.

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1900 1950 20000%

Low skill jobs Knowledge work jobs

Source: Partnership for 21st Century Skillshttp://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=254&Itemid=120

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The Future World of Work

Creative Work —• Research• Development• Design• Marketing/Sales• Global Supply Chain

Management

Source: Partnership for 21st Century Skillshttp://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=254&Itemid=120

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Job Outlook 2002, National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE)

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7 survival skills in the 21st century;

1.Critical thinking and problem solving;2.Collaboration across networks and leading by influence; 3.Agility and adaptability; 4.Initiative and entrepreneurship; 5.Effective oral and written communication; 6.Accessing and analyzing information; and7. Curiosity and imagination.

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Di Malaysia, Kementerian telah mengenal pasti kemahiran

abad ke-21 yang sesuai dengan konteks tempatan dan

dapat menyediakan warga Malaysia untuk bersaing pada

peringkat antarabangsa. Untuk itu, kurikulum kebangsaan

bermatlamat untuk melahirkan murid yang seimbang,

berdaya tahan, bersemangat ingin tahu, berprinsip,

bermaklumat,patriotik, serta mempunyai kemahiran

berfikir berkomunikasi, dan bekerja secara berpasukan

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KURIKULUM

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Pembelajaran abad ke-20

Dipimpin guru

Arahan langsung

Pengetahuan

Kandungan

Kemahiran asas

Kurikulum

Individu

Bilik darjah

Pentaksiran sumatif

Belajar untuk sekolah

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Pembelajaran abad ke-21

Dipimpin guruArahan langsungPengetahuan Kandungan Kemahiran asasTeori Kurikulum IndividuBilik darjahPentaksiran sumatifBelajar untuk sekolah

Berasaskan muridPembelajaran kolaboratifKemahiran ProsesPemikiran Aras TinggiPraktikalKemahiran hidupBerkumpulan Komuniti Pentaksiran formatifBelajar untuk kehidupan

Keseimbangan Keseimbangan

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“sekolah harus menyediakan peluang pendidikan dengan kurikulum berasaskan projek yang autentik dengan keadaan kehidupan sebenar, melibatkan murid menangani dan menyelesaikan masalah kehidupan sebenar serta isu yang penting dalam kehidupan sejagat. Pendidikan yang diberikan harus meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kreativiti murid dan pada masa yang sama membolehkan murid berfikir, menaakul, membuat keputusan yang bijak, bekerja sebagai ahli pasukan dan melihat perhubungan dan perkaitan antara ilmu yang dipelajari merentas kurikulum.”

The American Association of School Administrators (AASA)

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Menggunakan teknologi untuk mengakses, mengurus, mengintegrasi dan menilai maklumat, menjana maklumat baru dan berkomunikasi dengan orang lain

Kemahiran hidup & kerjaya

Kemahiran Teknologi

Maklumat, Komunikasi &

Standard &Pentaksiran

Kurikulum

Pembangunan ProfesionalPersekitaran Pembelajaran

• Literasi Maklumat• Literasi Media• Literasi Teknologi

Maklumat & Komunikasi)

• Kebolehsuaian & fleksibel

• Mempunyai inisiatif dan terarah kendiri

• Kemahiran sosial dan antara budaya

• Produktiviti & akauntabiliti

• Tanggungjawab dan kepimpinan

• Kreativiti & Inovasi• Pemikiran Kritis dan

Penyelesaian Masalah• Komunikasi & Kolaborasi

Standard kemahiran

Mata pelajaran teras dan tema Abad ke-21

Kemahiran belajar & Inovasi

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“Kandungan” bagi Abad ke-21

Kurikulum Teras + Tema

• Kesedaran global• Literasi kewangan, ekonomi, perdagangan dan

keusahawanan• Literasi sivik• Kesedaran Alam Sekitar• Kesedaran tentang

aspek kesihatan & kesejahteraan

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Kemahiran belajar abad ke-21• Kemahiran Maklumat & Komunikasi

– Literasi maklumat & media– Kemahiran berkomunikasi

• Kemahiran Berfikir Dan Menyelesaikan Masalah – Pemikiran kritikal dan Bersistem – Penyelesaian Masalah– Kreativiti & Semangat Meneroka

• Kemahiran Interpersonal & Arah Kendiri – Kemahiran Interpersonal dan Kolaborasi– Arah Kendiri– Akauntabiliti & adaptasi – Tanggungjawab Sosial

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Perubahan kepada hasrat pendidikan

Konteks pembelajaran baru membawa perubahan kepada apa yang dijangkakan melalui pendidikan dan ini melibatkan:

– Kebolehan berkomunikasi – Kebolehsesuaian untuk berubah – Kebolehan bekerja dalam pasukan – Kesediaan menyelesaikan masalah – Kebolehan menganalisis dan mengkonsepsikan – Kebolehan membuat refleksi dan menambah baik – Kebolehan mengurus kendiri – Kebolehan mencipta, membuat inovasi dan mengkritik – Kebolehan untuk belajar sepanjang hayat– Kebolehan untuk mahir dalam pelbagai bidang (cross specialist )

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Kurikulum yang direkabentuk menuntut kita untuk membuat pilihan tentang apakah yang penting pada masa kini bagi membantu pelajar untuk masa depan mereka.

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CIRI-CIRI INSAN MURID YANG DIHASRATKAN

Kreatif

Berupaya Membuat Hubung-kait Menyoal

Bijak berkomunikasi

Yakin – mengambil risiko

Dahagakan ilmu

Ingin tahu

Menjana idea

Fleksibel

Tidak berputus asa

Mendengar dan membuat refleksi

Kritikal

Berkemahiran

mampu mencorak

Menguasai kemahiran literasi

Berani Mencuba

Mampu berfikir sendiri

Membuat inisiatif Mampu bekerja dengan orang lain

Membuat perubahan

berintegriti

Berkeperibadian tinggi

Semangat ‘ sentiasa boleh’

Belajar dari kesilapan

Berdikari

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RUANG BILIK DARJAH

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Nair and Fielding,

“the ‘early 20th century school design standard (was) modeled after Henry Ford’s factory production methods’. Model T.”

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It is a philosophy that starts with the assumption that a predetermined number of students will all learn the same thing at the same time from the same person in the same way in the same place for several hours each day.

(Nair, Fielding); The Language of School Design: Design Patterns for 21st Century Schools

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DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR 21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM

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PRIMORDIAL LEARNING METAPHORS

Collin, Steve; Classroom for the 21st century

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PRIMORDIAL LEARNING METAPHORS

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1) Student-centric: - students play an active role in their

learning and teachers serve as mere guides.

- Put students’ interests first and are focused on each student’s needs, abilities and learning styles.

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2 ) Computing devices: - Computers are readily available in

modern classrooms, since they are essential tools for 21st century students and replace the utilities of pen and paper.

- Computing devices greatly assist in teaching and learning and make them more engaging and effective.

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3) Active learning: In modern classrooms, students are

actively engaged in what they learn. Students participate in more active learning by working in groups or on computers and complete projects and other interesting activities that help them discover new skills.

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4) Adaptive learning: Any classroom will always have

students of different types of learning abilities in it which often makes it difficult for teachers to make sure that all of them understand the concepts.

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5) Invitational environment: The classrooms should not be

cramped or overcrowded. Modern classrooms should have the basic material required for teaching such as, interactive whiteboards and LCD projectors

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6) Students understand and follow the rules and procedures:

The learning environment is carefully planned and well-organized. Class rules, procedures, and notices of upcoming activities are posted in convenient places to help students stay on track.

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7 ) Mutual respect: - Teachers and students should always

have respect for each other. - teachers should encourage students

to speak with confidence and value their opinions

- students should also co-operate with and respect their classmates.

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8) Students take responsibility of their learning: As students are encouraged to actively participate in their own learning, they become responsible for their learning

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9) Performance-based assessments:

Regular performance-based assessments are carried out by teachers through various methods which are not restricted to tests.

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10) Collaborative learning: Learning through collaboration is one

of the most effective forms of learning.

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CAMPFIRE

WATERING HOLE

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From primary role as a dispenser of information to orchestrator of learning and helping students turn information into knowledge, and knowledge into wisdom.

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1.Konstruktivisme2.Inkuiri3.Koperatif4.ekspositori

1. Pengajaran yang bermula dengan pandangan pelajar

2. Model perubahan konsep3. Analogi titian atau penyambungan4. Pendekatan metakognitif

Strategi berpusatkan pelajar Satu masalah diberikan untuk

diselesaikan dengan bimbingan guru Pelajar menggunakan kreativiti,

pemikiran, penaakulan dan penilaian bagi menyelesaikan masalah dan seterusnya membuat keputusan

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Kelas abad ke 21[1]

Education